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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 958 COCA: 803
lay
leɪ leɪ
Word forms: plural , 3rd person singular present tense lays, present participle laying, past tense , past participle laid

VERB AND NOUN USES 动词和名词用法

  • In standard English, the form lay is also the past tense of the verb lie in some meanings. In informal English, people sometimes use the word lay instead of lie in those meanings.

    在标准英语中，lay亦作动词lie某些义项的过去式。而在非正式英语中，人们有时用lay来代替这些义项中的lie。

Usage Note :

  • Do not confuse the verb lay with the verb lie. Because lay is used to talk about putting something in a particular place or position, it is related to the verb lie. If someone lays something somewhere, it lies there. The past tense and past participle of lay are both laid and it is usually a transitive verb. They laid him on the floor. However, lie is an intransitive verb with the past tense lay and the past participle lain. I lay on the floor with my legs in the air.

    不要混淆lay和lie这两个动词。lay表示将某物放于某处或某个位置，意思上与动词lie有相关之处。如某人把某物安放（lay）在某处，此物即放（lie）在那里。lay的过去式和过去分词均为laid，它通常用作及物动词。例如，They laid him on the floor（他们把他放在地上）。lie则为不及物动词，其过去式为lay，过去分词为lain：I lay on the floor with my legs in the air（我躺在地上，双腿抬起）。

1 VERB 放置；安放；搁 If you lay something somewhere, you put it there in a careful, gentle, or neat way. 放置；安放；搁

  • Lay a sheet of newspaper on the floor. [VERB noun prep./adv.]

    在地上铺一张报纸。

  • My father's working bench was covered with a cloth and his coffin was laid there. [be VERB-ed prep./adv.]

    爸爸的工作台上盖了一块布，他的灵枢就陈放在那儿。

  • Mothers routinely lay babies on their backs to sleep. [VERB noun prep./adv.]

    母亲们一般让婴儿平躺着睡。

SYN place, put, set, spread
2 VERB 布置（餐桌）；摆放（餐具） If you lay the table or lay the places at a table, you arrange the knives, forks, and other things that people need on the table before a meal. 布置（餐桌）；摆放（餐具） [mainly British]

  • The butler always laid the table. [VERB noun]

    每次都是男管家把餐具摆好。

in AM, use 美国英语用 set
3 VERB 铺放；敷设；铺设 If you lay something such as carpets, cables, or foundations, you put them into their permanent position. 铺放；敷设；铺设

  • A man came to lay the saloon carpet. [VERB noun]

    一名男子来铺客厅的地毯。

  • Public utilities dig up roads to lay pipes. [VERB noun]

    公共事业公司挖路铺设管道。

4 VERB 布设，设置（陷阱） To lay a trap means to prepare it in order to catch someone or something. 布设，设置（陷阱）

  • They were laying a trap for the kidnapper. [VERB noun]

    他们设下一个圈套引绑匪上钩。

SYN devise, plan, design, prepare
5 VERB （鸟）产（卵），下（蛋） When a female bird lays an egg, it produces an egg by pushing it out of its body. （鸟）产（卵），下（蛋）

  • My canary has laid an egg. [VERB noun]

    我的金丝雀生了一个蛋。

  • Freezing weather in spring hampered the hens' ability to lay. [VERB]

    春天严寒的天气降低了母鸡的产蛋能力。

SYN produce, bear, deposit
6 VERB 奠定基础/制定规划 Lay is used with some nouns to talk about making official preparations for something. For example, if you lay the basis for something or lay plans for it, you prepare it carefully. 奠定基础/制定规划

  • Diplomats meeting in Chile have laid the groundwork for far-reaching environmental regulations. [VERB noun]

    在智利会面的外交官们已经为那些对未来影响深远的环境保护条例的制定打好了基础。

  • The organisers meet in March to lay plans. [VERB noun]

    组织者们于3月碰头制订计划。

SYN arrange, prepare, make, organize
7 VERB 归咎/起诉 Lay is used with some nouns in expressions about accusing or blaming someone. For example, if you lay the blame for a mistake on someone, you say it is their fault, or if the police lay charges against someone, they officially accuse that person of a crime. 归咎/起诉

  • She refused to lay the blame on any one party. [VERB noun prep.]

    她拒绝归咎于任何一方。

  • He could not bear to lay too much responsibility for the unhappiness of his later years on his own shoulders. [VERB noun prep.]

    为自己晚景凄凉承担这么多责任，他接受不了。

  • Police have decided not to lay charges over allegations of a telephone tapping operation. [VERB noun]

    警方决定不就涉嫌窃听电话一事提出起诉。

SYN attribute, charge, assign, allocate
8 VERB 押（赌注）；就…打赌 If you say that you would lay bets, odds, or money on something happening, you mean that you are very confident that it will happen. 押（赌注）；就…打赌 [informal]

  • I wouldn't lay bets on his still remaining manager after the spring. [V n on n/-ing]

    我看他的这个经理当不到春天之后了。

  • I'll lay odds that Dean is at your office right now. [VERB noun that]

    我敢打赌迪安现在就在你办公室。

SYN bet, stake, venture, gamble
9 VERB [VERB n] （指交媾）干，搞 To lay someone means to have sex with them. （指交媾）干，搞 [rude]
10 N-COUNT [usually adjective NOUN] 床上功夫高者/轻易就上床者 Lay is used in expressions such a good lay or an easy lay to describe what someone is like as a sexual partner. 床上功夫高者/轻易就上床者 [rude]
11 PHRASE [VERB inflects] 过分夸大；言过其实 If someone is laying it on thick or is laying it on, they are exaggerating a statement, experience, or emotion in order to try to impress people. 过分夸大；言过其实 [informal]

  • Don't lay it on too thick, but make sure they are flattered.

    不要吹捧得太露骨，不过一定要恭维得他们很惬意。

  • I may have spoken a bit too freely, been a bit extreme, even laid it on a little.

    我可能有些自由发挥，有些极端，甚至有些言过其实了。

SYN exaggerate, flatter, overdo it, lay it on with a trowel [informal]
12 PHRASE 使易受批评（或攻击） If you lay yourself open to criticism or attack, or if something lays you open to it, something you do makes it possible or likely that other people will criticize or attack you. 使易受批评（或攻击）

  • The party thereby lays itself open to charges of conflict of interest.

    该党因此难免被人指责有利益冲突。

  • Such a statement could lay her open to ridicule.

    这种言论会让人家笑话她。

13 to lay something bare→see: bare  to lay claim to something→see: claim  to lay something at someone's door→see: door  to lay eyes on something→see: eye  to lay a finger on someone→see: finger  to lay your hands on something→see: hand  to lay down the law→see: law  to lay down your life→see: life  to lay something to rest→see: rest  to lay siege to something→see: siege  to lay waste→see: waste 
Phrasal verbs:
lay aside lay before lay down lay in lay into lay off lay on lay out lay up
Trends of lay
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ADJECTIVE USES 形容词用法

See also: lie

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