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IELTS BNC: 17 COCA: 17
on
ɒn ɒn ɒn ɑn ɔn

  • In addition to the uses shown below, on is used after some verbs, nouns, and adjectives in order to introduce extra information. On is also used in phrasal verbs such as ‘keep on’, ‘cotton on’, and ‘sign on’.

    除下列用法外，on可以用在某些动词、名词和形容词之后引出附加信息。on还可用于keep on, cotton on, sign on等短语动词中。

The preposition is pronounced /ɒn/. The adverb and the adjective are pronounced 'ɒn/. 作介词时读作/ɒn/。作副词和形容词时在句中重读。
1 PREP （表示支承）在…上 If someone or something is on a surface or object, the surface or object is immediately below them and is supporting their weight. （表示支承）在…上

  • He is sitting beside her on the sofa.

    他挨着她坐在沙发上。

  • On top of the cupboards are vast straw baskets which Pat uses for dried flower arrangements.

    橱柜顶上摆着帕特用来插干花的大草篮。

  • On the table were dishes piled high with sweets.

    桌上放着堆满了糖果的碟子。

  • The cushions were soft blue to match the Chinese rug on the floor.

    这些靠垫是柔和的蓝色，与地板上的中国小地毯很相配。

SYN on top of, supported by, resting on, in contact with
2 PREP （表示粘贴或附着）在…上 If something is on a surface or object, it is stuck to it or attached to it. （表示粘贴或附着）在…上

  • I admired the peeling paint on the ceiling.

    我“观赏”着天花板上正在剥落的油漆。

  • The clock on the wall showed one minute to twelve.

    墙上的钟指向11点59分。

  • There was a smear of gravy on his chin.

    他下巴上沾了些肉汁。

On is also an adverb.

  • I know how to darn, and how to sew a button on.

    我会打补丁，缝纽扣。

3 PREP （放、扔或掉）在…上面 If you put, throw, or drop something on a surface, you move it or drop it so that it is then supported by the surface. （放、扔或掉）在…上面

  • He got his winter jacket from the closet and dropped it on the sofa.

    他从衣橱里取出冬天穿的夹克，把它扔到沙发上。

  • He threw a folded dollar on the counter.

    他将折起的1美元钞票扔到柜台上。

4 PREP （身体重量）由（某部位）支撑 You use on to say what part of your body is supporting your weight. （身体重量）由（某部位）支撑

  • He continued to lie on his back and look at clouds.

    他仍旧仰卧着，望着天上的云彩。

  • He raised himself on his elbows, squinting into the sun.

    他用胳膊肘支起身子，眯着眼睛看了看太阳。

  • She was on her hands and knees in the bathroom.

    她趴在浴室的地上。

5 PREP （表示接触到身体某部位）在…上 You use on to say that someone or something touches a part of a person's body. （表示接触到身体某部位）在…上

  • He leaned down and kissed her lightly on the mouth.

    他俯下身去，在她嘴唇上轻轻一吻。

  • His jaw was broken after he was hit on the head.

    他的头部受重击之后下颌骨折了。

6 PREP （某种表情）在（脸）上 If someone has a particular expression on their face, their face has that expression. （某种表情）在（脸）上

  • The maid looked at him, a nervous smile on her face.

    女服务员看着他，脸上带着一丝局促不安的微笑。

  • She looked at him with a hurt expression on her face.

    她望着他，脸上流露出受伤的表情。

7 ADV [ADVERB after verb] （穿或戴）上，在身上 When you put a piece of clothing on, you place it over part of your body in order to wear it. If you have it on, you are wearing it. （穿或戴）上，在身上

  • He put his coat on while she opened the front door.

    她打开前门时，他穿上了大衣。

  • I had a hat on.

    我戴了顶帽子。

8 PREP 带在…身上 You can say that you have something on you if you are carrying it in your pocket or in a bag. 带在…身上

  • I didn't have any money on me.

    我身上一分钱也没有。

  • I have those numbers, but not on me at the moment, they're at home.

    我有这些号码，但眼下没带在身上，搁在家里了。

9 PREP （视线）落在…身上 If someone's eyes are on you, they are looking or staring at you. （视线）落在…身上

  • Everyone's eyes were fixed on him.

    每个人都盯着他看。

  • It's as if all eyes are focused on me.

    好像所有的目光都聚集在我身上似的。

  • Ellen is eating, her eyes on her food.

    埃伦在吃东西，眼睛只盯着食物。

10 PREP （碰）上…（而受伤） If you hurt yourself on something, you accidentally hit a part of your body against it and that thing causes damage to you. （碰）上…（而受伤）

  • Mr Pendle hit his head on a wall as he fell.

    彭德尔先生摔倒时头磕到了墙上。

  • One day when my wife was doing the dishes she cut her hand on a broken glass.

    一天，我妻子洗碗碟时，被一只破玻璃杯割破了手。

11 PREP 在（某）地 If you are on an area of land, you are there. 在（某）地

  • He was able to spend only a few days at a time on the island.

    他每次去岛上都只能呆几天。

  • You lived on the farm until you came back to America?

    你回美国之前一直生活在农场吗？

  • ...a tall tree on a mountain.

    山上的一棵大树

  • ...their winter retreat on Barbados.

    他们在巴巴多斯的冬季度假地

  • I've eaten ostrich meat on the continent.

    我在欧洲大陆时吃过鸵鸟肉。

12 PREP 是（道路、海岸等）的一部分；在…边上 If something is situated on a place such as a road or coast, it forms part of it or is by the side of it. 是（道路、海岸等）的一部分；在…边上

  • Bergdorf Goodman has opened a men's store on Fifth Avenue.

    波道夫·古德曼在第五大道上开了一家男装店。

  • The hotel is on the coast.

    这家饭店在海边。

  • He visited relatives at their summer house on the river.

    他拜访了住在河畔避暑别墅的亲戚。

13 PREP 上，乘（公共汽车、火车或飞机） If you get on a bus, train, or plane, you go into it in order to travel somewhere. If you are on it, you are travelling in it. 上，乘（公共汽车、火车或飞机）

  • We waited till twelve and we finally got on the plane.

    我们一直等到12点才终于上了飞机。

  • I never go on the bus into the town.

    我从不坐公共汽车去城里。

  • His son came up with me to Birmingham every day on the train.

    他儿子每天跟我坐火车去伯明翰。

On is also an adverb.

  • He showed his ticket to the conductor and got on.

    他向检票员出示了车票，然后上了车。

14 PREP （写或印刷）在…上 If there is something on a piece of paper, it has been written or printed there. （写或印刷）在…上

  • The writing on the back of the card was cramped but scrupulously neat.

    这张卡片的背面写满了密密麻麻但却十分工整的字。

  • The numbers she put on the chart were 98.4, 64, and 105.

    她在图表上写的数字是98.4，64和105。

  • How does a poem change when you read it out loud as opposed to it being on the page?

    将写在纸上的诗大声读出来会有怎样的不同？

15 PREP 在（名单）上；包括在…内 If something is on a list, it is included in it. 在（名单）上；包括在…内

  • I've seen your name on the list of deportees.

    我看见你的名字在被驱逐出境者名单之列。

  • The Queen now doesn't even appear on the list of the 40 richest people in Britain.

    如今女王甚至连英国首富榜的前40名都挤不进去。

  • ...the range of topics on the agenda for their talks.

    他们会谈日程表上的议题范围

16 PREP （书、讨论或观点）关于，涉及 Books, discussions, or ideas on a particular subject are concerned with that subject. （书、讨论或观点）关于，涉及

  • The longest chapter in almost any book on baby care is on feeding.

    几乎所有关于婴儿护理的书籍中内容最多的一章都是喂养。

  • They offer a free counselling service which can offer help and advice on legal matters.

    他们提供免费咨询服务，给予法律问题的援助和建议。

  • He declined to give any information on the Presidential election.

    他拒绝透露任何有关总统选举的消息。

  • The ambassador's comments on the US decision were relatively restrained.

    大使就美国的这一决定所发表的评论较为克制。

17 PREP 以，凭，靠（某一方法、原则或系统） You use on to introduce the method, principle, or system which is used to do something. 以，凭，靠（某一方法、原则或系统）

  • ...a television that we bought on credit two months ago.

    我们两个月前赊购的电视机

  • ...a levelling system which acts on the same principle as a spirit level.

    工作原理与气泡水准仪相同的水准测量系统

  • They want all groups to be treated on an equal basis.

    他们希望所有团体都能得到一视同仁的对待。

18 PREP 通过，借助于（某一器械或机器） If something is done on an instrument or a machine, it is done using that instrument or machine. 通过，借助于（某一器械或机器）

  • ...songs that I could just sit down and play on the piano.

    我坐下来就可以在钢琴上弹出的歌曲

  • I could do all my work on the computer.

    我所有的工作都能在计算机上完成。

  • She sewed the dresses on the sewing machine.

    她用缝纫机缝制了这些裙子。

19 PREP 以…方式（储存信息） If information is, for example, on tape or on computer, that is the way that it is stored. 以…方式（储存信息）

  • 'I thought it was a load of rubbish.' — 'Right we've got that on tape.'.

    “我觉得那是一派胡言。”—“没错，我们已经把它录在磁带上了。”

  • Descriptions of the pieces have been logged on computer by the Art Loss Register.

    艺术品失窃登记处已经将这些艺术品的描述信息输入到计算机里。

  • A special version of 'Casablanca' is being released on video to commemorate the film's 50th birthday.

    为纪念该片上映50周年，准备发行《北非谍影》的特别版录像带。

20 PREP 在（广播或电视）上播出 If something is being broadcast, you can say that it is on the radio or television. 在（广播或电视）上播出

  • Every sporting event on television and satellite over the next seven days is listed.

    未来7天通过电视和卫星转播的每一项体育赛事都列在节目预告单上。

  • Here, listen, they're talking about it on Radio-Paris right now.

    嘿，听，巴黎电台正在谈论这事呢。

On is also an adjective.

  • ...teenagers complaining there's nothing good on.

    抱怨没有好节目看的青少年

21 ADJ [verb-link ADJ] 正在发生的 When an activity is taking place, you can say that it is on . 正在发生的

  • There's a marvellous match on at Wimbledon at the moment.

    此刻在温布尔登正进行着一场精彩的比赛。

  • Every year they put a play on at Saint Holy Cross Church.

    他们每年在圣十字教堂上演一出剧目。

  • We in Berlin hardly knew a war was on during the early part of 1941.

    我们身处柏林的人在1941年初几乎感受不到正在打仗。

22 ADV [ADVERB after verb] （表示某人忙碌程度）忙得很/没什么可忙 You use on in expressions such as 'have a lot on' and 'not have very much on' to indicate how busy someone is. （表示某人忙碌程度）忙得很/没什么可忙 [spoken]

  • I have a lot on in the next week.

    我下周特别忙。

23 PREP （引出所进行的活动，特别是旅行）处于…情况中，在从事…中 You use on to introduce an activity that someone is doing, particularly travelling. （引出所进行的活动，特别是旅行）处于…情况中，在从事…中

  • I've always wanted to go on a cruise.

    我一直想坐游轮旅游。

  • They look happy and relaxed as they stroll in the sunshine on a shopping trip.

    他们漫步于阳光下购物，看上去悠然惬意。

  • Students on the full-time course of study are usually sponsored.

    全日制学生通常都得到资助。

  • He died suddenly while on a skiing holiday with his family in Val d'Isere.

    他与家人在瓦勒迪泽尔滑雪度假时猝然过世。

24 ADV [be ADVERB, ADVERB after verb] （机器、电灯等）开着，工作着，使用中 When something such as a machine or an electric light is on, it is functioning or in use. When you switch it on, it starts functioning. （机器、电灯等）开着，工作着，使用中

  • The light was on and the door was open.

    灯亮着，门也敞开着。

  • The central heating's been turned off. I've turned it on again.

    中央供暖系统已经关上。我又将它打开了。

  • The light had been left on.

    灯没有关。

  • He didn't bother to switch on the light.

    他懒得去开灯。

SYN functioning, working, operating, in use
25 PREP 是…的成员；供职于 If you are on a committee or council, you are a member of it. 是…的成员；供职于

  • Claire and Beryl were on the organizing committee.

    克莱尔和贝丽尔是组委会成员。

  • He was on the Council of Foreign Relations.

    他任职于外交关系委员会。

26 PREP 在（某一日子或日期）（发生） You can indicate when something happens by saying that it happens on a particular day or date. 在（某一日子或日期）（发生）

  • This year's event will take place on June 19th, a week earlier than usual.

    今年的活动将于6月19日举行，比往年提前一周。

  • She travels to Korea on Monday.

    她周一前往韩国。

  • I was born on Christmas day.

    我出生在圣诞节那天。

  • I took some photos with her camera on my birthday.

    我用她的相机在我过生日那天拍了些照片。

  • Dr. Keen arrived about seven on Sunday morning.

    基恩博士是星期天早上7点左右抵达的。

27 PREP 在…后立即；一…就 You use on when mentioning an event that was followed by another one. 在…后立即；一…就

  • She waited in her hotel to welcome her children on their arrival from London.

    她在宾馆里等候，准备第一时间迎接孩子们从伦敦过来。

  • On reaching Dubai the evacuees are taken straight to Dubai international airport.

    撤离人员一抵达迪拜就径直被送往迪拜国际机场。

28 ADV [ADVERB after verb] （继续）下去 You use on to say that someone is continuing to do something. （继续）下去

  • They walked on in silence for a while.

    他们继续默默无语地走了一会儿。

  • If the examination shows your company enjoys basically good health, read on.

    要是审查表明你们公司的运营状况基本良好，请继续往下读。

  • He happened to be in England when the war broke out and he just stayed on.

    战争爆发时他碰巧在英格兰，于是就留在那里了。

29 ADV [be ADVERB, ADVERB after verb] 不停地（数落、抱怨、纠缠） If you say that someone goes on at you, you mean that they continually criticize you, complain to you, or ask you to do something. 不停地（数落、抱怨、纠缠）

  • She's been on at me for weeks to show her round the stables. [+ at]

    她缠了我好几个星期了，要我带她去马厩看看。

  • He used to keep on at me about the need to win. [+ at]

    他以前总是跟我唠叨必须获胜才行。

  • He'll go on at me for telling.

    他会因为我嘴快而没完没了地数落我。

  • She hadn't learned to drive, but she had kept going on at him to let her try.

    她还没学会开车，却老央求他让她试试。

30 ADV [from n ADV] 从…时候起；自…以后 You use on in expressions such as from now on and from then on to indicate that something starts to happen at the time mentioned and continues to happen afterwards. 从…时候起；自…以后

  • Perhaps it would be best not to see much of you from now on.

    也许从现在起我们最好少见面。

  • We can expect trouble from this moment on.

    从此刻起，我们将会麻烦缠身。

  • Morrison took the news badly and from then on his spirits noticeably sagged.

    这消息对莫里森打击很大，从那以后，他明显萎靡不振。

31 ADV [adv ADV] （常用在副词early，late，far及其比较级之后，尤置于句首、句尾或介词之前） You often use on after the adverbs 'early', 'late', 'far', and their comparative forms, especially at the beginning or end of a sentence, or before a preposition. （常用在副词early，late，far及其比较级之后，尤置于句首、句尾或介词之前）

  • The market square is a riot of colour and animation from early on in the morning.

    从大清早起这个市集广场就色彩缤纷，生机勃勃。

  • Later on I learned how to read music.

    后来我学会了识谱。

  • The pub where I had arranged to meet Nobby was a good five minutes walk further on.

    我约诺比见面的那家酒馆至少得再走5分钟才到。

32 PREP 定期服用；服…成瘾 Someone who is on a drug takes it regularly. 定期服用；服…成瘾

  • She was on antibiotics for an eye infection that wouldn't go away.

    由于眼睛感染一直不见好，她在服用抗生素。

  • Many of the elderly are on medication.

    许多老年人都需按时服药。

33 PREP 以…（为食）；（机器）用（某种动力或燃料运转） If you live on a particular kind of food, you eat it. If a machine runs on a particular kind of power or fuel, it uses it in order to function. 以…（为食）；（机器）用（某种动力或燃料运转）

  • The caterpillars feed on a wide range of trees, shrubs and plants.

    毛虫以各类树木、灌木和植物为食。

  • He lived on a diet of water and tinned fish.

    他仅靠喝水、吃鱼罐头过活。

  • The system could be used to ensure that cars are converted to run on unleaded petrol.

    这一系统可以用来确保汽车得以改用无铅汽油。

  • ...making and selling vehicles that run on batteries or fuel-cells.

    生产以及销售靠蓄电池或燃料电池驱动的机动车

34 PREP 以…（为收入） If you are on a particular income, that is the income that you have. 以…（为收入）

  • ...young people who are unemployed or on low wages.

    失业或低收入的年轻人

  • He's on three hundred a week.

    他的周薪为300块。

  • You won't be rich as an MP, but you'll have enough to live on.

    当议会议员不会很有钱，但过日子的钱还是足够了。

35 PREP （税收或利润）获自…，来自… Taxes or profits that are obtained from something are referred to as taxes or profits on it. （税收或利润）获自…，来自…

  • ...a general strike to protest a tax on food and medicine last week.

    上周抗议对食品和药品征税的大罢工

  • The Church was to receive a cut of the profits on every record sold.

    每卖出一张唱片就会有一部分利润捐给教会。

  • Loans were extended to help pay the interest on the old ones.

    这些贷款延期偿还以支付旧账利息。

36 PREP 在…方面（花钱） When you buy something or pay for something, you spend money on it. 在…方面（花钱）

  • I resolved not to waste money on a hotel.

    我决心不在住旅馆方面浪费钱。

  • He spent more on feeding the dog than he spent on feeding himself.

    他喂狗花的钱比自己的饮食开销还多。

  • More money should be spent on education and housing.

    应当在教育和住房方面投入更多的资金。

37 PREP 在…方面（花时间或精力） When you spend time or energy on a particular activity, you spend time or energy doing it. 在…方面（花时间或精力）

  • People complain about how children spend so much time on computer games.

    人们常抱怨孩子花太多时间玩电脑游戏。

  • You all know why I am here. So I won't waste time on preliminaries.

    你们都知道我来这里的目的。所以我就闲话少说了。

  • ...the opportunity to concentrate more time and energy on America's domestic agenda.

    集中更多的时间和精力处理美国国内事务的机会

38 PHRASE 无法接受的；行不通的 If you say that something is not on or is just not on, you mean that it is unacceptable or impossible. 无法接受的；行不通的 [mainly British, informal]

  • I'm not having children who don't like cheese. It's not on.

    我可不要不爱吃奶酪的孩子，那可不行。

  • We shouldn't use the police in that way. It's just not on.

    我们不该那样动用警力，那根本不可接受。

39 PHRASE 不停地；继续不断地 If you say that something happens on and on, you mean that it continues to happen for a very long time. 不停地；继续不断地

  • ...designers, builders, fitters — the list goes on and on.

    设计师、建筑工人、装配工—这个单子可以没完没了

  • Lobell drove on and on through the dense and blowing snow.

    洛贝尔冒着纷飞的大雪不停地往前开。

  • ...a desert of ice stretching on and on.

    无限延伸的冰原

SYN interminably, for a long time, for ages, continuously
40 PHRASE （表示困惑）在谈论什么 If you ask someone what they are on about or what they are going on about, you are puzzled because you cannot understand what they are talking about. （表示困惑）在谈论什么 [British, informal]

  • What on earth are you going on about?.

    你到底在说些什么呀？

  • Honest, Kate, I don't know what you're on about.

    说真的，凯特，我不知道你在说些什么。

41 PHRASE （表示有信心）知道自己在说些什么，了解情况 If you say that someone knows what they are on about, you are confident that what they are saying is true or makes sense, for example because they are an expert. （表示有信心）知道自己在说些什么，了解情况 [British, informal]

  • It looks like he knows what he's on about.

    他看起来很在行。

42 PHRASE 掌握不利于（某人）的证据；抓住（某人）的把柄 If someone has something on you, they have evidence that you have done something wrong or bad. If they have nothing on you, they cannot prove that you have done anything wrong or bad. 掌握不利于（某人）的证据；抓住（某人）的把柄 [informal]

  • He may have something on her. He may have supplied her with drugs, and then threatened to tell if she didn't do this.

    他或许抓住了她的什么把柄。可能是给她提供了毒品，然后威胁她如果不这样做的话就告发她。

  • You've got nothing on me and you know it. Your theory would never stand up in a court of law.

    你手里没有对我不利的证据，这一点你很清楚。你的揣测在法庭上是绝对站不住脚的。

43 on behalf of→see: behalf  on and off→see: off  and so on→see: so  on top of→see: top 
Trends of on
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IELTS BNC: 17 COCA: 17
IELTS BNC: 17 COCA: 17
on adv.
⇨ off and on/on and off ⇨ sometimes
IELTS BNC: 17 COCA: 17

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