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BNC: 79 COCA: 86
first
fɜːʳst fɜrst
Word forms: plural firsts
1 ORD 最早的;最先的;第一位的 The first thing, person, event, or period of time is the one that happens or comes before all the others of the same kind. 最早的;最先的;第一位的

  • She lost 16 pounds in the first month of her diet.

    她节食的头一个月就减掉了16磅。

  • ...the first few flakes of snow.

    初落的几片雪花

  • Two years ago Johnson came first in the one hundred metres at Seoul.

    两年前约翰逊在首尔获得100米短跑冠军。

First is also a pronoun.

  • The second paragraph startled me even more than the first.

    第二段比第一段更让我吃惊。

  • He put me through a series of exercises to improve my car control. The first was to drive on simulated ice.

    他让我进行一系列的练习以提高我的控车能力。第一项就是在模拟冰面上驾车。

2 ADV [ADVERB with verb] 最早;最先;先 If you do something first, you do it before anyone else does, or before you do anything else. 最早;最先;先

  • I do not remember who spoke first, but we all expressed the same opinion.

    我不记得是谁最先发言的，但我们全都表达了相同的看法。

  • First, tell me what you think of my products.

    先谈谈你觉得我的产品怎么样吧。

  • Routine questions first, if you don't mind.

    如果不介意的话，请先回答一些例行问题吧。

SYN to begin with, firstly, initially, at the beginning
3 ORD 第一(次)的;首(次)的 When something happens or is done for the first time, it has never happened or been done before. 第一(次)的;首(次)的

  • This is the first time she has experienced disappointment.

    这是她第一次感受到失望。

  • It was the first occasion when they had both found it possible to keep a rendezvous.

    他们两人都能赴约，这还是头一遭。

First is also an adverb.

  • Anne and Steve got engaged two years after they had first started going out.

    在第一次约会两年后，安妮和史蒂夫订婚了。

  • I met him first at his house where we had a chat.

    我初次见他是在他家里，当时我们聊了一会儿。

4 N-SING 首次出现的事物;首例 An event that is described as a first has never happened before and is important or exciting. 首次出现的事物;首例

  • It is a first for New York. An outdoor exhibition of Fernando Botero's sculpture on Park Avenue. [+ for]

    在公园大道上露天展出费尔南多·博特罗的雕塑，这在纽约还是破天荒的事。

SYN novelty, innovation, originality, new experience
5 PRON 第一次;首次 The first you hear of something or the first you know about it is the time when you first become aware of it. 第一次;首次

  • We heard it on the TV last night — that was the first we heard of it.

    昨晚我们在电视上听到了这件事—那是我们头回听说。

  • When Mark arrived home that afternoon, it was the first he knew for sure of the surprise party.

    马克那天下午回到家时是他第一次确切知道有惊喜派对这回事。

6 ADV [ADVERB before verb] 最初;起初;开始 You use first when you are talking about what happens in the early part of an event or experience, in contrast to what happens later. 最初;起初;开始

  • When he first came home he wouldn't say anything about what he'd been doing.

    刚回到家时，他只字不提自己一直在做什么。

First is also an ordinal.

  • She told him that her first reaction was disgust.

    她告诉他自己的第一反应是厌恶。

  • My first feeling on getting into the cabin was one of dislike for everything I saw.

    我走进小木屋时的最初感觉是眼前的东西我都不喜欢。

7 ADV [ADVERB after verb] (强调不愿意做某事)宁可，宁愿 In order to emphasize your determination not to do a particular thing, you can say that rather than do it, you would do something else first . (强调不愿意做某事)宁可，宁愿 [emphasis]

  • Marry that fat son of a fat cattle dealer? She would die first!

    嫁给那个大腹便便的牛贩子的胖儿子？她宁愿去死！

8 ADV (用于列举条目)第一，首先 You use first when you are about to give the first in a series of items. (用于列举条目)第一，首先

  • Certain guidelines can be given. First, have a heating engineer check the safety of the system.

    可以提供一些指导原则：第一，找位供暖工程师检查系统的安全性。

9 ORD (一列中)离得最近的，最前面的 The first thing, person, or place in a line is the one that is nearest to you or nearest to the front. (一列中)离得最近的，最前面的

  • Before him, in the first row, sat the President.

    在他面前第一排坐着总统。

  • First in the queue were two Japanese students.

    队伍最前面是两个日本学生。

10 ORD 首要的;头等的 You use first to refer to the best or most important thing or person of a particular kind. 首要的;头等的

  • The first duty of any government must be to protect the interests of the taxpayers.

    任何政府的首要职责都必须是保护纳税人的利益。

  • Imagine winning the local lottery first prize of £5,000.

    想象一下中个5,000英镑的当地彩票头奖吧。

  • ...first team football.

    一线队足球

11 ORD (用于工作或职位的头衔中)最高的 First is used in the title of the job or position of someone who has a higher rank than anyone else with the same basic job title. (用于工作或职位的头衔中)最高的

  • ...the First Lord of the Admiralty.

    海军大臣

  • ...the first mate of a British tanker.

    一艘英国油轮的大副

12 N-COUNT (英国大学的)优等学位，一级荣誉学位 In British universities, a first is an honours degree of the highest standard. (英国大学的)优等学位，一级荣誉学位

  • ...an Oxford Blue who took a First in Constitutional History. [+ in]

    获得宪法史优等学位的牛津大学校队运动员

13 PHRASE [PHRASE with cl] 第一;首先 You use first of all to introduce the first of a number of things that you want to say. 第一;首先 [informal]

  • The cut in the interest rates has not had very much impact in California for two reasons. First of all, banks are still afraid to loan.

    降息在加利福尼亚并未产生多大影响，原因有二。首先，银行仍然不敢放贷。

14 PHRASE 最初;起初;开始时 You use at first when you are talking about what happens in the early stages of an event or experience, or just after something else has happened, in contrast to what happens later. 最初;起初;开始时

  • At first, he seemed surprised by my questions.

    起初，他似乎对我的问题感到惊讶。

  • I had some difficulty at first recalling why we were there.

    刚开始回想我们为什么会在那儿时我有些费劲。

15 PHRASE 居于首要地位;占据头等位置 If you say that someone or something comes first for a particular person, you mean they treat or consider that person or thing as more important than anything else. 居于首要地位;占据头等位置

  • There's no time for boyfriends, my career comes first.

    我没时间交男朋友，事业对我来说是第一位的。

16 PHRASE 先到先接待;先到先供应;按先来后到对待 You say 'first come first served' to indicate that a group of people or things will be dealt with or given something in the order in which they arrive. 先到先接待;先到先供应;按先来后到对待

  • There will be five buses, first come first served.

    会有5辆巴士，先到先上。

17 PHRASE [PHRASE with cl] 从最初;从一开始 From the first means ever since something started. 从最初;从一开始

  • You knew about me from the first, didn't you?.

    从一开始你就知道我，对吧？

  • I thought from the first that she was a little unsure about that marriage.

    从一开始我就觉得她对那桩婚事心里没底。

SYN from the start, from the beginning, from the outset, from the very beginning
18 PHRASE 第一手地;直接;亲自 If you learn or experience something at first hand, you experience it yourself or learn it directly rather than being told about it by other people. 第一手地;直接;亲自

  • He arrived in Natal to see at first hand the effects of the recent heavy fighting.

    他来到纳塔尔亲自了解最近发生的激烈冲突造成的后果。

SYN directly, personally, immediately, face-to-face
19 PHRASE 对…一无所知;对…毫不知晓 If you say that you do not know the first thing about something, you are emphasizing that you know absolutely nothing about it. 对…一无所知;对…毫不知晓 [emphasis]

  • You don't know the first thing about farming.

    你对种地一窍不通。

20 PHRASE [PHRASE with cl] 第一;首先 You use first off to introduce the first of a number of things that you want to say. 第一;首先 [informal]

  • First off, huge apologies for last month's confusing report.

    首先，要对上个月那篇交代不清的报道表示深深的歉意。

21 PHRASE 视…为最重要;把…放在首位 If you put someone or something first, you treat or consider them as more important than anything else. 视…为最重要;把…放在首位

  • Somebody has to think for the child and put him first.

    必须有人替孩子着想，把他放在第一位。

22 PHRASE 最重要的先做;最要紧的先处理 You say 'first things first' when you are talking about something that should be done or dealt with before anything else because it is the most important. 最重要的先做;最要紧的先处理

  • Let's see if we can't find something to set the mood. First things first; some music.

    看看我们能不能找点什么烘托一下气氛。当务之急：来点音乐吧。

23 first and foremost→see: foremost 
Quotations
Many that are first shall be last; and the last shall be first Bible: St. Mark
Trends of first
View usage for:All yearsLast 10 yearsLast 50 yearsLast 100 yearsLast 300 years

See also: -first

BNC: 79 COCA: 86
first

noun¹

 1 ( first gear) lowest gear on a bicycle/vehicle自行車或汽車的最低擋VERB + FIRST | PREPOSITION VERB + FIRST➤get into, move into, slam into掛上頭擋◇As he moved into first, the engine made a strange noise.他掛一擋時，發動機發出奇怪的噪聲。➤engage (formal) 掛上一擋◇She engaged first gear and pulled off.她掛上一擋把車開到路邊停下。➤put sth into把⋯掛上頭擋◇Put the car into first and pull off slowly.把車掛到頭擋駛向路邊慢慢停下來。➤find找到一擋位置◇It's very difficult to find first on this car.這輛車的一擋很難掛。PREPOSITION➤in first掛一擋◇I had to drive all the way home in first.我不得不掛一擋一路開車回家。
first

noun²

 2 (BrE) highest level of university degree大學中的優等成績ADJECTIVE | VERB + FIRST | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤double兩名學科獲優等成績◇She did Philosophy and English Literature and got a double first.她修了哲學和英國文學並且都獲得了優等成績。VERB + FIRST➤be awarded, gain, get, obtain獲得優等成績PREPOSITION➤first in⋯獲得優等◇He got a first in modern history.他的現代史得了優。
BNC: 79 COCA: 86
first det., adj.
⇨ first (first impressions) ⇨ top (first prize) first

determiner

,

adjective

first ♦︎ initial ♦︎ original ♦︎ preliminary ♦︎ opening ♦︎ earliest ♦︎ primary ♦︎ introductory ♦︎ preparatoryThese words all describe sth that happens or exists at the beginning. 这些词均表示最初的、开始的、最早的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆preliminary / preparatory to sth◆the first / initial / preliminary / opening / earliest / primary / introductory / preparatory stage◆first / initial / original / preliminary / opening / introductory remarks◆a first / an initial / an original / a preliminary estimate / draft / version◆the first / initial / preliminary / introductory / preparatory meeting◆a first / an initial / a preliminary step / appointment / visit◆the first / opening / introductory chapter / paragraph◆the initial / the original / a preliminary / a preparatory study◆the initial / original / preliminary findings■ first

determiner

(of a person or thing) happening or coming before all other similar things or people; 1st 第一◆his first wife他的第一任妻子◆King Richard I (= said as 'King Richard the First') 英王理查一世◆It was the first time they had ever met.这是他们初次见面。◆She resolved to do it at the first opportunity.她决定一有机会就去做。◆First impressions can be misleading.最初的印象有时会误导人。◆You can have first choice of all the rooms.所有房间由你优先挑选。◆We're having chicken for the first course.我们的第一道菜是鸡肉。OPP last ⇨ last 1 , last ⇨ last 2 ▸ first

adverb

◆First I had to decide what to wear.首先我得决定穿什么。◆Who came first in the race (= who won)?赛跑谁得第一？▸ at first

idiom

◆At first I thought she was joking but then I realized she meant it.起先我以为她在开玩笑，但随后意识到她是认真的。◆I didn't like the job much at first.起初我并不太喜欢这个工作。■ initial ɪˈnɪʃl [only before noun] happening at the beginning; first 最初的；开始的；第一的◆My initial reaction was to decline the offer.我最初的反应是想要谢绝这个提议。◆It is the initial preparation that takes the time.花时间的是最初的准备工作。◆There is an initial payment of £60 followed by ten instalments of £25.首期付款60英镑，接下来还有十次25英镑的分期付款。ⓘ Initial is used especially to talk about a reaction or feeling that does not last very long * initial尤用以描述持续时间不太长的反应或感觉◆By 1960 the initial optimism had evaporated.到1960年时，最初的乐观主义已经消失了。◆sb's initial response / impression / instinct / shock / surprise / enthusiasm / euphoria / excitement / scepticism / reluctance某人最初的反应／印象／本能／震惊／惊诧／热情／兴奋／激动／怀疑／不情愿; about a stage in a process 还可形容过程中的一个阶段◆the initial stage / phase / step / planning / preparation初始阶段／时期；第一步；最初的计划／准备; or about paying or spending money. 亦可描述付款或花费◆the initial investment / payment / outlay首期投资／付款；初期项目经费 OPP final ⇨ last 1 ▸ initially

adverb

◆My contract is initially for three years.我的合同最初订了三年。◆Initially, the system worked well.开始时系统运转良好。■ original [only before noun] existing at the beginning of a particular period, process or activity, especially before being changed into sth else 原来的，起初的，原本的（尤指后来发生了变化）◆The room still has many of its original features.房间还保留着当初的许多特点。◆I think you should go back to your original plan.我认为你应该回头执行你原来的计划。▸ originally

adverb

◆The school was originally very small.这所学校一开始很小。◆He comes originally from Peru.他原本来自秘鲁。■ preliminary prɪˈlɪmɪnəri; NAmE prɪˈlɪmɪnerihappening before a more important action or event, especially by introducing or preparing for it 预备性的；初步的；前期的◆After a few preliminary remarks he announced the winners.说了几句开场白后，他即宣布优胜者名单。◆This is just a pilot study preliminary to a full-scale study.这只是进行全面研究之前的试验性研究。■ opening [only before noun](especially of sth that sb says or writes, or a piece of music, etc.) happening at the beginning （尤指讲话或文字作品、乐曲等）开始的，开篇的◆She was humming the opening bars of a song she had heard on the radio.她正哼着在收音机里听过的一首歌的开头几句。◆United scored in the opening minutes of the game.比赛一开场没几分钟联队就得分了。OPP closing ⇨ last 1   see also opening ⇨ start noun , open ⇨ begin verb ■ earliest the nearest to the beginning of an event or period of time 最早的◆The earliest description of this species dates from 1816.对这一物种最早的描述可以追溯到1816年。◆The earliest possible date I can make is the third.我能定下来的最早的日期是3号。■ primary ˈpraɪməri; NAmE ˈpraɪmeri [usually before noun] (formal or technical 术语) developing or happening first; earliest 最初的；最早的◆The disease is still in its primary stage.这病尚处于初始阶段。◆It is not self-evident what the primary causes of this phenomenon are.这种现象最初的原因是什么，并非显而易见。  see also primary ⇨ main ■ introductory ˌɪntrəˈdʌktəri written or said at the beginning of sth as an introduction to what follows; intended as an introduction to a subject or activity for people who have never done it before 引导的；介绍的；入门的◆The booklist at the end of the chapter contains some introductory reading on the subject.章节末尾的书单列出了一些有关该主题的导读材料。◆I took an introductory class in psychology during my first year at college.我大学一年级时修了一门心理学基础课程。   see also introduction ⇨ basics , introduction ⇨ introduction 2 ■ preparatory prɪˈpærətri; NAmE prɪˈpærətɔːri [only before noun] (especially BrE, formal) done in order to prepare for sth 预备的；作准备的◆After a few preparatory drawings, she completed the portrait in one session.试画了几幅之后，她一气呵成地完成了这幅肖像。◆Security checks had been carried out preparatory to (= to prepare for) the President's visit.为迎接总统来访，已预先进行了安全检查。   see also preparation ⇨ planning , prepare ⇨ prepare 1 , prepare ⇨ prepare 2
BNC: 79 COCA: 86
first
Before a time or event: before, first, early...
Inventors, innovators and creators: creative commons, engineer, the first...
Surprises and shocking events: surprise, shock, blow...
From or at the beginning: original, initial, early...
Words used for saying that something is important: essentially, importantly, basically...
Best: best, ideal, first class...
Degrees and other academic qualifications: 2.1, 2.2, A.A....
Relating to cars and other road vehicles: the AA, auto, automobile...

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