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BNC: 2255 COCA: 2428
relative
relətɪv ˈrɛlətɪv
Word forms: plural relatives
1 N-COUNT 亲戚;亲属;家属 Your relatives are the members of your family. 亲戚;亲属;家属

  • Do relatives of yours still live in Siberia?.

    你的亲属仍然住在西伯利亚吗？

  • Get a relative to look after the children.

    找一个亲戚来照看孩子。

SYN relation, connection, kinsman or kinswoman, member of your or the family
2 ADJ [ADJ n] 相对的 You use relative to say that something is true to a certain degree, especially when compared with other things of the same kind. 相对的

  • The fighting resumed after a period of relative calm.

    战斗在相对平静的一段时间之后再次打响。

  • It is a cancer that can be cured with relative ease.

    这是一种相对来说比较容易治疗的癌症。

  • Pedestrian zones mean that children can play in relative safety.

    步行区域意味着孩子们可以在那里相对安全地玩耍。

SYN comparative, considerable, reasonable, moderate
3 ADJ [ADJ n] 相对的;比较而言的 You use relative when you are comparing the quality or size of two things. 相对的;比较而言的

  • They chatted about the relative merits of London and Paris as places to live.

    他们聊起了伦敦和巴黎两座城市相比较都有哪些宜居的优点。

  • I reflected on the relative importance of education in 50 countries.

    我思考了50个国家相对而言对教育的重视程度。

  • ...the relative strength of the central and state governments.

    中央政府和州政府的相对力量

SYN corresponding, comparable, respective, comparative
4 PREP-PHRASE 与…相比;与…有关;涉及;关于 Relative to something means with reference to it or in comparison with it. 与…相比;与…有关;涉及;关于

  • Japanese interest rates rose relative to America's.

    日本利率随美国利率上浮。

  • House prices now look cheap relative to earnings.

    相对收入而言房价现在看起来比较便宜。

  • The satellite remains in one spot relative to the earth's surface.

    相对地球表面而言，这颗卫星位置固定。

5 ADJ-GRADED [usually verb-link ADJ] 相对的;比较而言的 If you say that something is relative, you mean that it needs to be considered and judged in relation to other things. 相对的;比较而言的

  • Fitness is relative; one must always ask 'Fit for what?'.

    “适合”是相对而言的;应该常常问一问“适合什么？”

  • Truth is relative.

    真理是相对的。

6 N-COUNT 亲缘动物（或植物、语言、发明等) If one animal, plant, language, or invention is a relative of another, they have both developed from the same type of animal, plant, language, or invention. 亲缘动物（或植物、语言、发明等)

  • The pheasant is a close relative of the Guinea hen. [+ of]

    雉与珍珠鸡有很近的亲缘关系。

Quotations
Every man sees in his relatives, and especially in his cousins, a series of grotesque caricatures of himself H.L. Mencken Prejudices
When you are courting a nice girl an hour seems like a second. When you sit on a red-hot cinder a second seems like an hour. That's relativity Albert Einstein
Word Partnership
Word PartnershipUse relative with:
ADJ.

close relative, distant relative 1

N.

friend and relative 1

relative calm, relative ease, relative safety, relative stability 2

Trends of relative
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BNC: 2255 COCA: 2428
relative

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + RELATIVE | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤close, near近親◇The succession passed to the nearest surviving relative.繼承權傳給在世的關係最近的親屬。➤distant遠親▸➤blood, family血親；家庭成員◇If you die without a will, only a husband, wife, children and blood relatives are entitled to inherit your property.如果去世時沒立遺囑，只有丈夫、妻子、子女及血親才能繼承財產。➤immediate直系親屬◇The deceased's immediate relatives will inherit her estate.死者的直系親屬將繼承她的財產。➤living, surviving在世的／依然健在的親屬➤deceased已故親屬▸➤elderly, old上了年紀的／年老的親戚▸➤young年輕的親戚▸➤female, male女性／男性親屬➤long-lost長久不見的親戚◇He greeted me like a long-lost relative.他跟我打招呼，就像久未見面的親戚一樣。➤poor (often figurative) 同類中較次者◇He believes that interior design is the poor relative of (= inferior to) architecture.他認為室內裝潢設計較建築學來說要低一等。➤dependent (especially BrE) 受扶養的親戚◇the increase in dependent elderly relatives需要扶養的老年親戚的增多➤disabled, ill, sick傷殘的親戚；有病的親戚◇people who care for a sick or disabled relative照料病殘親戚的人➤bereaved, grieving (both especially BrE) 剛剛喪失親人的／悲慟的親屬VERB + RELATIVE➤have有親戚◇I have no parents or close relatives.我沒有父母或近親。➤lose失去親人◇an organization that helps people who have lost relatives (= whose relatives have died) 專門幫助失去親人者的機構➤care for, give support to, help, look after, support, take care of (especially NAmE) 照料親屬；供養親屬；幫助親屬；贍養親屬◇She's caring for an elderly relative.她正照料一個年邁的親戚。➤live with與親戚住在一起▸➤stay with, visit暫時住在親戚家；拜訪親戚▸➤find, trace (especially BrE) 找到／查找親屬◇The police are trying to find the relatives of the deceased.警方正試圖尋找死者的親屬。➤contact, inform聯繫／告知親屬◇The names of the victims are being withheld until the relatives have been informed.受害者名單要在通知其親屬後才公佈。PHRASES➤friends and relatives, friends or relatives親戚朋友◇an intimate reception for close friends and relatives宴請親朋好友的私人招待會➤a relative by marriage姻親
BNC: 2255 COCA: 2428
relative noun
⇨ family 2relative

adjective

  ➡ See also the entry for equivalent adj. 另见equivalent形容词词条relative ♦︎ proportional ♦︎ proportionateThese words all describe things that are considered according to their position or connection with sth else. 这些词均表示相对而言的、相关联的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆relative / proportional / proportionate to sth◆a relative / proportional / proportionate increase■ relative considered according to its position or connection with sth else; considered and judged by being compared with sth else; that exists or has a particular quality only when compared with sth else 相对的；相关联的；相比较而言的；相比之下存在（或具有）的◆the position of the sun relative to the earth太阳与地球的相对位置◆You must consider the relative merits of the two plans.你必须考虑相比较之下两个计划各自的优点。◆They now live in relative comfort (= compared with how they lived before).他们现在过得比较舒适。◆It's all relative though, isn't it? We never had any money when I was a kid and $500 was a fortune to us.不过，一切都是相对的，是不是？我们小时候根本没钱，500块对我们就是很大一笔钱了。▸ relatively

adverb

◆At first glance the poem seems to be relatively straightforward.乍一看，这首诗似乎比较直白。◆The colleges had become, relatively speaking, short of funds.相对来说，这些学院资金开始紧拙。■ proportional prəˈpɔːʃənl; NAmE prəˈpɔːrʃənl (rather formal) increasing or decreasing in size, amount or degree according to changes in sth else （尺寸、数量或程度）成比例的，相应的，相称的◆Salary is directly proportional to years of experience.薪金与资历直接挂钩。◆The number of teachers appointed is proportional to the total number of students.委派教师人数和学生总数成比例。  see also proportion ⇨ ratio ▸ proportionally

adverb

◆Families with children spend proportionally less per person than families without children.有子女家庭比无子女家庭人均开销相对要少。■ proportionate prəˈpɔːʃənət; NAmE prəˈpɔːrʃənət (formal) proportional, especially when it is a question of what is fair or reasonable （尤指涉及公平或合理时）成比例的，相应的，相称的◆Inner cities have more than a proportionate share of social problems.内城区的社会问题多得不合比例。◆Penalties should be proportionate to the gravity of the offence.惩罚应与所犯罪行的严重程度相应。OPP disproportionate ⇨ excessive ▸ proportionately

adverb

◆Prices have risen but wages have not risen proportionately.物价上涨了，但工资并未相应增加。NOTE 辨析 Proportional or proportionate?In many cases you can use either word. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用◆Salary is proportional / proportionate to experience.薪金视资历而定。◆proportional / proportionate increases in costs成本的相应增加In these cases proportionate is more formal and less frequent than proportional. However, proportionate is often used when the question is not simply one of comparing two amounts, but of judging two actions or decisions and deciding whether one is fair or reasonable after considering the other. 在这些情况下，proportionate较正式，不如proportional常用。不过，如果谈论的不仅仅是两个数量的比较，而是对两个行动或决定作出判断，并评定哪一个更公平或合理时，常用proportionate◆The police response should be proportionate to the level of risk posed.警方的反应应该与事件的风险程度相称。The opposite, disproportionate, can be used when an action or judgement is not fair or reasonable in response to another action or situation. The opposite of proportional is inversely proportional. * proportionate的反义词是disproportionate，指某个行动或判断和另一个行动或情况不相称，显得不公平或不合理。proportional的反义词是inversely proportional（成反比）◆The amount of force needed is inversely proportional to the rigidity of the material (= the more rigid the material, the less force is needed).所需力量大小与材料刚性成反比。
BNC: 2255 COCA: 2428
relative
Ways of comparing things: than, relatively, whereas...
Comparison and comparisons: comparison, perspective, parallel...
General words for family members: a near relative/relation, be someone's elder, black sheep...
General types of plant: alpine, annual, bean...

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