do - Meaning, pronunciation, collocation and usage 英漢雙解 | Mr. Ng 線上詞典

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AUXILIARY VERB USES 助动词用法

Do is used as an auxiliary with the simple present tense. Did is used as an auxiliary with the simple past tense. In spoken English, negative forms of do are often shortened, for example do not is shortened to don't and did not is shortened to didn't.
do 是用于一般现在时的助动词，did 则是用于一般过去时的助动词。口语中，do 的否定式通常用缩合形式。例如，do not 略作 don't，did not 略作 didn't。

1 AUX （在do之后、主动词的原形之前加 not，构成主动词的否定式） Do is used to form the negative of main verbs, by putting 'not' after 'do' and before the main verb in its infinitive form, that is the form without 'to'. （在do之后、主动词的原形之前加 not，构成主动词的否定式）

They don't want to work.

他们不想工作。
I did not know Jamie had a knife.

我不知道杰米有一把刀。
It doesn't matter if you win or lose.

你是赢是输都无所谓。

2 AUX （将主语置于do和主动词的原形之间，构成疑问句） Do is used to form questions, by putting the subject after 'do' and before the main verb in its infinitive form, that is the form without 'to'. （将主语置于do和主动词的原形之间，构成疑问句）

Do you like music?.

你喜欢音乐吗？
What did he say?.

他说了什么？
Where does she live?

她住在哪里？

3 AUX （用在附加疑问句中） Do is used in question tags. （用在附加疑问句中）

You know about Andy, don't you?.

你知道安迪的情况，是不是？
I'm sure they had some of the same questions last year, didn't they?

我确定他们去年遇到过一些同样的问题，是不是？

4 AUX （对含有do的陈述句或疑问句作肯定或否定回答） You use do when you are confirming or contradicting a statement containing 'do', or giving a negative or positive answer to a question. （对含有do的陈述句或疑问句作肯定或否定回答）

'Did he think there was anything suspicious going on?' — 'Yes, he did.'.

“他认为有可疑的事发生吗?”—“是的，他认为有。”
'Do you have a metal detector?' — 'No, I don't.'.

“你有金属探测仪吗?”—“不，我没有。”
They say they don't care, but they do. [AUX]

他们嘴上说不在乎，其实是在乎的。

5 AUX （用在否定句中，表示不让某人做出某种举动） Do is used with a negative to tell someone not to behave in a certain way. （用在否定句中，表示不让某人做出某种举动）

Don't be silly.

别犯傻了。
Don't touch that!

别碰那个!

6 AUX （在没有其他助动词时，用来强调主动词） Do is used to give emphasis to the main verb when there is no other auxiliary. （在没有其他助动词时，用来强调主动词） [emphasis]

Veronica, I do understand.

韦罗妮卡，我确实懂了。
You did have a tape recorder with you.

你确实带了录音机。

7 AUX （用以礼貌性地邀请或说服某人做某事） Do is used as a polite way of inviting or trying to persuade someone to do something. （用以礼貌性地邀请或说服某人做某事） [politeness]

Do sit down.

请坐。
Do help yourself to another drink.

再来一杯吧。

8 VERB （在进行对比、比较或说明两组事物相同时，用来代替前面的动词词组） Do can be used to refer back to another verb group when you are comparing or contrasting two things, or saying that they are the same. （在进行对比、比较或说明两组事物相同时，用来代替前面的动词词组）

I make more money than he does. [VERB]

我挣钱比他多。
One day she will walk out, just as her own mother did. [VERB]

总有一天她会离家出走，就像她母亲那样。
I had fantasies, as do all mothers, about how life would be when my girls were grown.

和所有母亲一样，我对女儿们长大后的生活怀有幻想。
Girls receive less health care and less education in the developing world than do boys.

在发展中国家女孩接受到的医疗保健服务和教育比男孩要少。

9 VERB （与 so 或 nor 连用，表示两人或两组事物的情况相同） You use do after 'so' and 'nor' to say that the same statement is true for two people or groups. （与 so 或 nor 连用，表示两人或两组事物的情况相同）

You know that's true, and so do I. [VERB noun]

你知道那是真的，我也知道。
We don't forget that. Nor does he. [VERB noun]

我们没有忘记那事，他也没有。
Her actions and thoughts became distorted. So did her behavior. [VERB noun]

她的行动和思想变得扭曲了，她的态度也是。

Trends of do

View usage for:All yearsLast 10 yearsLast 50 yearsLast 100 yearsLast 300 years

OTHER VERB USES 其他动词用法

Do is used in a large number of expressions which are explained under other words in the dictionary. For example, the expression ‘easier said than done’ is explained at ‘easy’.
do 可以用在很多表达方式中，这些表达方式在本词典的其他词条中都给出了解释，例如，easier said than done就在easy词条下给出了解释。

1 VERB 做，干，进行(常用于代替某个具体的动词) When you do something, you take some action or perform an activity or task. Do is often used instead of a more specific verb, to talk about a common action involving a particular thing. For example you can say 'do your teeth' instead of 'brush your teeth'. 做，干，进行(常用于代替某个具体的动词)

I was trying to do some work. [VERB noun]

我当时正想要干点活。
After lunch Elizabeth and I did the washing up. [VERB noun]

吃过午饭后，我和伊丽莎白洗了碗。
Dad does the garden. [VERB noun]

爸爸收拾花园。
Let me do your hair. [VERB noun]

让我来给你做头发。

SYN perform, work, achieve, carry out

2 VERB （用来代替任何动词词组或前一个句子中的动词词组） Do can be used to stand for any verb group, or to refer back to another verb group, including one that was in a previous sentence. （用来代替任何动词词组或前一个句子中的动词词组）

What are you doing?. [VERB noun]

你在干什么？
So tell me what this molecule does that makes it special. [VERB noun]

那么告诉我这个分子有何作用而使其与众不同。
Think twice before doing anything. [VERB noun]

三思而行。
A lot of people got arrested for looting so they will think before they do it again. [VERB noun]

之前很多人因抢劫而被捕，所以他们不敢再轻举妄动。
I'm glad they gave me my money back, but I think they did this to shut me up. [VERB noun]

我很高兴他们把钱还给我了，但是我认为他们这么做是为了堵我的嘴。
The first thing is to get some more food. When we've done that we ought to start again. [VERB noun]

首先要弄到更多的食物，这之后我们应该重新开始。
Brian counted to twenty and lifted his binoculars. Elena did the same.

布赖恩数到 20，举起了双筒望远镜。埃琳娜也照着做了。
He turned towards the open front door but, as he did so, she pushed past him. [V so]

他转身走向开着的前门，但与此同时，她从他旁边挤过去了。

SYN cheat, trick, con [informal] , skin [slang]

3 VERB （用于句首从句中 what，all等词之后，以强调句尾的信息） You can use do in a clause at the beginning of a sentence after words like 'what' and 'all', to give special emphasis to the information that comes at the end of the sentence. （用于句首从句中 what，all等词之后，以强调句尾的信息） [emphasis]

All she does is complain. [VERB noun]

她只知道抱怨。
What I should do is go and see her. [VERB noun]

我应该去看她。
The best that can be done is to make things as difficult as possible. [VERB noun]

最好的办法就是把事情弄得尽可能地难办。

SYN behave, act, conduct yourself, deport yourself

4 VERB 使用;利用 If you do a particular thing with something, you use it in that particular way. 使用;利用

I was allowed to do whatever I wanted with my life. [VERB noun + with]

我可以自由支配自己的生活。
What did he do with the thirty pounds?. [VERB noun with noun]

他用这30英镑干了什么？
The technology was good, but you couldn't do much with it. [V amount + with]

这项技术不错，但用处不大。

SYN present, give, show, act

5 VERB 解决;处理 If you do something about a problem, you take action to try to solve it. 解决;处理

They refuse to do anything about the real cause of crime: poverty. [VERB noun + about]

他们拒绝采取措施解决引发犯罪的真正问题：贫穷。
Well, what are you going to do about it?. [V n about n]

嗯，你打算怎么处理它呢？
Sexual harassment, that's against the law. Something should be done about it. [V n about n]

性骚扰是违法的，应该对此采取一些措施。
If an engine packs in, there's not much the engineer can do about it until the plane is back on the ground. [V amount + about]

如果引擎坏了，那么在飞机着陆之前工程师也无能为力。

6 VERB 造成，产生(好的或坏的结果或影响） If an action or event does a particular thing, such as harm or good, it has that result or effect. 造成，产生(好的或坏的结果或影响）

A few bombs can do a lot of damage. [VERB noun]

几枚炸弹就可以造成严重破坏。
It'll do you good to take a rest. [VERB noun noun]

休息一下对你有好处。
The publicity did her career no harm. [VERB noun noun]

媒体的报道对她的事业没有坏处。

7 VERB （在一定程度上）影响，改进 You can use do to talk about the degree to which a person, action, or event affects or improves a particular situation. （在一定程度上）影响，改进

The current reforms will do much to create these conditions. [V amount to-inf]

当前的改革对创造这些条件大有帮助。
They did everything they could to help us. [V amount to-inf]

他们竭尽所能来帮助我们。
He said that the opposition had done everything possible to sabotage the elections. [V amount to-inf]

他说对手已经使出一切可能的手段来破坏选举。
Such incidents do nothing for live music's reputation. [V amount + for]

这类事件对于提高现场音乐的名声没有任何帮助。
I'd just tried to do what I could for Lou. [VERB noun + for]

我刚刚为卢竭尽所能。

8 VERB 对…有极坏影响 You can talk about what someone or something does to a person to mean that they have a very harmful effect on them. 对…有极坏影响

I saw what the liquor was doing to her. [VERB + to]

我发现烈酒对她伤害很大。
You overlook the pressure you're under and what it does to you. [VERB to noun]

你忽视了你所承受的压力及它带给你的后果。

9 VERB 从事(工作或职业) If you ask someone what they do, you want to know what their job or profession is. 从事(工作或职业)

What does your father do?. [VERB noun]

你父亲做什么工作？
He knew what he wanted to do from the age of 14. [VERB noun]

他14岁起就知道自己日后干什么了。

10 VERB 忙着做;计划做 If you are doing something, you are busy or active in some way, or have planned an activity for some time in the future. 忙着做;计划做

Are you doing anything tomorrow night?. [VERB noun]

你明天晚上有计划吗？
'What are you doing for Christmas?' Ella asked. 'We're going to Aunt Molly's.'. [VERB noun]

“圣诞节你打算做什么？”埃拉问到。“我们打算去莫莉姨妈家。”
There is nothing to do around here. [VERB noun]

在这无事可做。

11 VERB 进展;表现 If you say that someone or something does well or badly, you are talking about how successful or unsuccessful they are. 进展;表现

Connie did well at school and graduated with honours. [VERB adv.]

康妮在学校表现很好，以优异的成绩毕业了。
Out-of-town superstores are doing well. [VERB adv.]

市郊的超市经营良好。
How did I do? [VERB adv.]

我表现怎样？

12 VERB 提供(服务);出售(产品) If a person or organization does a particular service or product, they provide that service or sell that product. 提供(服务);出售(产品) [mainly British]

They provide design services and do printing and packaging. [VERB noun]

他们提供设计服务，还进行印刷和包装。
They do a good range of herbal tea. [VERB noun]

他们经营种类繁多的花草茶。

13 VERB 能达到(…速度) You can use do when referring to the speed or rate that something or someone achieves or is able to achieve. 能达到(…速度)

They were doing 70 miles an hour. [VERB amount]

他们的速度达到了每小时 70 英里。
His catamaran will do 37 knots. [VERB amount]

他的双体船的速度可以达到 37 节。

14 VERB 攻读;研究;学习 If you do a subject, author, or book, you study them at school or college. 攻读;研究;学习 [spoken]

I'd like to do maths at university. [VERB noun]

我希望在大学里学数学。
So you did 'Macbeth' in the first year?' — 'No, in the first year we did 'Julius Caesar'.'

“那么你在第一年时学了《麦克白》?”—“不，第一年我们学的是《恺撒大帝》。”

15 VERB 模仿;扮演 If you do a particular person, accent, or role, you imitate that person or accent, or act that role. 模仿;扮演

Gina does accents extremely well. [VERB noun]

吉娜模仿口音惟妙惟肖。

16 VERB 能（或不能）做某事 You can use do to say that you are able or unable to behave in a particular way. 能（或不能）做某事 [informal]

'Can't you be nicer to your sister?' — 'Nice? I don't do nice'. [VERB adj.ive]

“难道你不能对你妹妹好一点吗？”—“对她好？我做不到。”

17 VERB 吸(毒) If someone does drugs, they take illegal drugs. 吸(毒)

I don't do drugs. [VERB noun]

我不吸毒。
I saw him doing ecstasy in the toilets. [VERB noun]

我看见他在洗手间吃摇头丸。

18 VERB 适合;足够 If you say that something will do or will do you, you mean that there is enough of it or that it is of good enough quality to meet your requirements or to satisfy you. 适合;足够

Anything to create a scene and attract attention will do. [VERB]

任何能引起争吵、吸引注意力的事情都可以。
We need a win — a draw won't do at all. [VERB]

我们需要一场胜利，平局根本不行。
'What would you like to eat?' — 'Anything'll do me, Eva.' [VERB noun]

“你想吃什么？”—“我吃什么都行，伊娃。”

19 PHRASE 需要;渴望得到 If you say that you could do with something, you mean that you need it or would benefit from it. 需要;渴望得到

I could do with a cup of tea.

我需要一杯茶。
The range could do with being extended.

范围需要扩展。

20 PHRASE 放在何处 You can ask someone what they did with something as another way of asking them where they put it. 放在何处

What did you do with that notebook?

你把那个笔记本放哪儿了？

21 PHRASE 为何出现在某个地方 If you ask what someone or something is doing in a particular place, you are asking why they are there. 为何出现在某个地方

'Dr Campbell,' he said, clearly surprised. 'What are you doing here?'

“坎贝尔医生，”他显然很惊讶地说道，“您怎么在这儿?”
What was he doing in Hyde Park at that time of the morning?

那么一大早他在海德公园干什么？

22 CONVENTION (对小孩子所说的话)行啦，够啦 If you say that will do to a child, you are telling them to stop behaving in the way that they are. (对小孩子所说的话)行啦，够啦

23 PHRASE 与…有关；关于 If you say that one thing has something to do with or is something to do with another thing, you mean that the two things are connected or that the first thing is about the second thing. 与…有关；关于

Mr Butterfield denies having anything to do with the episode.

巴特菲尔德先生否认和此事有关。
They were shouting at each other. It was something to do with money.

他们在吵架，是为了钱的事。
That's none of your business, it has nothing to do with you.

那不关你的事，与你八竿子打不着。
A lot of this has to do with power and greed.

凡此种种都和权力与贪欲有关。

Phrasal verbs:

do away with do down do for do in do out do out of do over do up do without

NOUN USES 名词用法

see also

practice ⇨

use

noun

■ go through sth

phrasal verb

(

went

, gone

)

to perform a series of actions; to follow a method or procedure 执行某行动；实行某方法；履行某程序

◆Certain formalities have to be gone through before you can emigrate.必须办理一定的手续方能移居他国。

◆We go through the same old routine every morning.每天早上我们都要做一遍同一套的例行程序。

verb

do the washing/some research 洗衣服；做研究

do well at school 在学校学习好

♦︎

perform

♦︎

fare

♦︎

get on/alongThese verbs are all used to talk or ask about the success or progress of sb/sth. 这些词均用来询问或谈论事情的进展。

PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配

◆to do / go / perform / fare / get on / get along well

◆to do / go / perform brilliantly / excellently / badly

◆to do / perform / fare poorly

■ do

(

does

, did

, done

)

[intransitive]

(always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用)

(especially spoken)

used to talk or ask about the success or progress of sb/sth （谈论或询问时用）进展，进行

◆How is the business doing?生意好吗？

◆She did well out of (= made a big profit from) the deal.她从这笔交易中赚了不少钱。

◆He's doing very well at school (= his work is good).他在学校里学习很不错。

◆Both mother and baby are doing well (= after the birth of the baby).母子平安。

◆

(informal)

How are you doing (= how are you)?你好吗？

■ go

(

went

, gone

)

[intransitive]

(especially spoken)

used to talk or ask about the success or progress of sth （事情）进展，进行

◆'How did your interview go?' 'It went very well, thank you.'“你面试的情况如何？”“非常顺利，谢谢。”

◆Did everything go smoothly?一切都顺利吗？

◆How's it going (= is your life enjoyable, successful, etc. at the moment)?近况可好？

◆The way things are going the company will be bankrupt by the end of the year.从事态发展的情况看，到年底这家公司就会破产。

NOTE 辨析 Do or go? Do can be used to talk about the progress or success of either a person or a thing; go can only be used to talk about a thing. When you use do to talk about a thing, you are interested in how popular or profitable it is, so do is generally used to talk about the success of sth such as a business or other enterprise. Go is more general, used to describe sth that you experience, such as an event, an interview, a test, or things or life in general. * do可指人或事物的进展与成功，go则仅指事物。用do表示事物的进展时，关注的是受欢迎程度或赢利多少，所以do一般用于谈论生意或业务的成功。go更宽泛些，用于谈论自己经历过的事情，如某一事件，搭配interview、test、things或life等词。

■ perform

[intransitive]

(rather formal)

used to talk or ask about the success or progress of sb/sth, especially in business, sport or a test 进展，进行（尤用来询问或谈论生意、运动或考试的情况）

◆The company has been performing poorly over the past year.这家公司过去一年业绩欠佳。

◆If Rooney performs (= performs well) then I believe England can win.如果鲁尼发挥得好，我相信英格兰队能够获胜。

◆She performed less well in the second test.她在第二次测验中表现欠佳。

▸

performance

noun

[uncountable

, countable]

◆the country's economic performance这个国家的经济状况

◆It was an impressive performance by the French team.那是法国队一次令人叹服的表现。

■ fare

[intransitive]

(especially written)

used to talk or ask about the success or progress of sb/sth （谈论或询问时用）进展，进行

◆The party fared very badly in the last election.该党上次竞选情况很糟。

◆The North, by and large, has fared better than most regions in avoiding high unemployment figures.总的说来，北部地区在避免出现高失业率方面比大多数地区都好些。

NOTE 辨析 Perform or fare? Perform is more active than fare: a person or company that performs well is successful because of what they do; a person or group that fares well is successful, or just lucky, because good things happen to them or the conditions are right for them. Both these words are used to talk about people, groups or organizations, but not events. * perform的主动性比fare强，perform well指个人或公司因自身的努力而业绩突出，fare well指个人或群体取得成功，也可能只是幸运，即好事降临在他们头上或者情况有利于他们。两个词都用于人、群体或组织，不用于事件

◆The interview performed/fared well.

■ ˌget ˈon

■ ˌget aˈlong

phrasal verb

(

getting

, got

;

NAmE

spoken

getting

, got

, gotten

)

(especially BrE,

rather informal)

used to talk or ask about the success or progress of sb （谈论或询问某人的情况）进展，进行

◆He's getting on very well at school.他在学校里学习很好。

◆I went to see how they were getting along.我去看了他们的工作进展情况。

ⓘ When get on/along is used with an adverb, it is usually well; it is not common to talk about sb getting on/along badly. The subject of get on/along is usually a person or small group of people in an informal context; it is not used to talk about businesses, organizations or events. * get on/along后接副词时通常接well，一般不说某人get on/along badly。在非正式语境中，get on/along的主语通常是一个人或一小组人，而不是生意、组织或事件。