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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2749 COCA: 3659
strain
streɪn streɪn
Word forms: plural , 3rd person singular present tense strains, present participle straining, past tense , past participle strained
1 N-VAR [oft under N] 压力;负担;重负 If strain is put on an organization or system, it has to do more than it is able to do. 压力;负担;重负

  • The prison service is already under considerable strain.

    监狱系统已经承受了巨大的压力。

  • The vast expansion in secondary education is putting an enormous strain on the system. [+ on]

    中等教育的大幅扩张正对该系统造成巨大压力。

  • ...the credit crunch caused by strains on the banking system.

    银行系统在多重压力之下紧缩信贷

SYN pressure, stress, difficulty, demands
2 VERB 使不堪承受;使紧张 To strain something means to make it do more than it is able to do. 使不堪承受;使紧张

  • The volume of scheduled flights is straining the air traffic control system. [VERB noun]

    定期航班的数量正让空中交通指挥系统不堪重负。

  • Resources will be further strained by new demands for housing. [VERB noun]

    资源将因新的住房需求而变得更紧张。

SYN stretch, test, tax, overtax
3 N-UNCOUNT (精神上的)压力，重负，紧张 Strain is a state of worry and tension caused by a difficult situation. (精神上的)压力，重负，紧张

  • She was tired and under great strain.

    她身心疲惫，压力很大。

  • ...the stresses and strains of a busy and demanding career.

    忙碌而辛苦的工作带来的巨大压力

SYN stress, pressure, anxiety, difficulty
4 N-SING 带来压力的情况;造成紧张的因素 If you say that a situation is a strain, you mean that it makes you worried and tense. 带来压力的情况;造成紧张的因素

  • I sometimes find it a strain to be responsible for the mortgage.

    我有时觉得背负这笔抵押贷款很有压力。

5 N-UNCOUNT 应力;张力;拉力;作用力;压力 Strain is a force that pushes, pulls, or stretches something in a way that may damage it. 应力;张力;拉力;作用力;压力

  • Place your hands under your buttocks to take some of the strain off your back.

    将手放在臀部下面，减轻背部的一些压力。

  • A build-up of strain on a section of the San Andreas Fault has been detected.

    已经勘测到圣安德烈亚斯断层的其中一处所承受的拉力在增强。

SYN burden, tension, tightness, tautness
6 N-VAR [usually n NOUN] (肌肉的)扭伤，拉伤，劳损 Strain is an injury to a muscle in your body, caused by using the muscle too much or twisting it. (肌肉的)扭伤，拉伤，劳损

  • Avoid muscle strain by warming up with slow jogging.

    先慢跑热热身，免得拉伤肌肉。

  • ...a groin strain.

    腹股沟拉伤

SYN injury, wrench, sprain, pull
7 VERB 扭伤，拉伤，损伤(肌肉) If you strain a muscle, you injure it by using it too much or twisting it. 扭伤，拉伤，损伤(肌肉)

  • He strained his back during a practice session. [VERB noun]

    他在一次锻炼中扭伤了背部。

SYN injure, wrench, sprain, damage
8 VERB 努力做;竭力做;费力做事 If you strain to do something, you make a great effort to do it when it is difficult to do. 努力做;竭力做;费力做事

  • I had to strain to hear. [VERB to-infinitive]

    我不得不使劲去听。

  • Several thousand supporters strained to catch a glimpse of the new president. [VERB to-infinitive]

    几千名支持者翘首企盼能一睹新总统的风采。

  • They strained their eyes, but saw nothing. [VERB noun]

    他们瞪大了双眼，但什么也没看到。

SYN strive, struggle, endeavour, labour
9 VERB 过滤;滤掉(食物中)的液体 When you strain food, you separate the liquid part of it from the solid parts. 过滤;滤掉(食物中)的液体

  • Strain the stock and put it back into the pan. [VERB noun]

    滤出原汁，将它放回到平底锅中。

SYN sieve, filter, sift, screen
10 N-SING 气质;特性;风格;作风 You can use strain to refer to a particular quality in someone's character, remarks, or work. 气质;特性;风格;作风

  • There was a strain of bitterness in his voice.

    他的声音听起来有些愤愤不平。

  • ...this cynical strain in the book.

    该书中这种愤世嫉俗的意味

SYN trace, suggestion, suspicion, tendency
11 N-COUNT (病菌的)类型;(植物或其他有机物的)系，品系，品种 A strain of a germ, plant, or other organism is a particular type of it. (病菌的)类型;(植物或其他有机物的)系，品系，品种

  • Every year new strains of influenza develop. [+ of]

    每年都有新的流感病毒出现。

  • ...a particularly beautiful strain of Swiss pansies.

    一种格外美丽的瑞士三色堇

SYN breed, type, stock, family
12 N-PLURAL [usually NOUN of n] 旋律;曲调 If you hear the strains of music, you hear music being played. 旋律;曲调 [literary]

  • She could hear the tinny strains of a chamber orchestra.

    她能听见室内管弦乐队尖细的旋律。

SYN tune, air, melody, measure [poetic]
13 See also: eye strain  repetitive strain injury 
Word Partnership
Word PartnershipUse strain with:
ADJ.

great strain 1 3 4

virulent strain 11

N.

stress and strain 3

muscle strain 6

strain a muscle 7

strain of bacteria/virus 11

Trends of strain
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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2749 COCA: 3659
strain

noun¹

 1severe demand on strength, resources, etc.緊張；壓力ADJECTIVE | VERB + STRAIN | STRAIN + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤considerable, enormous, great, heavy, real, severe, terrible, tremendous相當大的壓力；沉重的壓力；可怕的壓力◇It's a real strain having to get up so early!這麼早起牀真夠受的！➤slight微小的壓力▸➤increasing不斷增大的壓力▸➤constant持續的壓力▸➤excessive, intolerable, unbearable, undue過大的壓力；難以忍受的壓力▸➤emotional, financial, mental, nervous, physical, psychological情感／經濟／思想／精神／身體／心理壓力◇The mental strain of sharing an office with Alison was starting to show.與艾利森共用一間辦公室帶來的精神壓力逐漸開始顯現。VERB + STRAIN➤be under, come under, feel, suffer, suffer from處在壓力下；感到累；遭受壓力◇Television newsreaders come under enormous strain.電視新聞播報員處於極大的壓力之下。◇After weeks of overtime, she was starting to feel the strain.加班幾個星期以後，她開始感覺到了疲勞。➤cause, create, impose, place, put引起壓力；造成壓力；強加壓力；施加壓力◇Increasing demand is placing undue strain on services.需求不斷增加對服務造成過大的壓力。➤ease, reduce舒緩／減輕壓力▸➤cope with, stand, take應付／忍受／承受壓力▸➤increase增加壓力STRAIN + VERB➤show, take its toll (on sb), tell (on sb) (BrE) 壓力顯現；壓力（對某人）造成傷害；壓力（對某人）產生影響◇After weeks of uncertainty, the strain was beginning to take its toll.幾個星期的忐忑不安之後，壓力開始讓人受不了了。PREPOSITION➤under the strain在壓力下◇The ice gave way under the strain.冰在壓力作用下坍塌了。◇He broke down under the strain of having to work twelve hours a day.他在一天工作 12 個小時的壓力下崩潰了。➤strain on對⋯的壓力◇Losing the business put a strain on their relationship.生意丟了，他們的關係變得緊張起來。PHRASES➤a bit of a strain一點兒緊張◇I found it a bit of a strain making conversation with her.和她談話我感到有點兒緊張。➤signs of strain緊張的跡象◇After three years, their marriage was beginning to show signs of strain.3 年後，他們的婚姻開始出現緊張跡象。➤stresses and strains壓力和緊張◇the stresses and strains of a long day漫長的一天的壓力和緊張➤take the strain off sb, take the strain out of sth減輕⋯的壓力◇The Internet takes the strain out of shopping.因特網減輕了購物的壓力。
strain

noun²

 2injury傷害ADJECTIVE | VERB + STRAIN ADJECTIVE➤bad嚴重的拉傷▸➤slight輕微的勞損▸➤back, eye, muscle, thigh, etc.背部勞損、眼疲勞、肌肉拉傷、大腿拉傷等VERB + STRAIN➤be suffering from, have受傷；勞損▸➤get受累◇You'll get eye strain if you don't put the light on.不開燈，你的眼睛會疲勞。➤recover from, shake off (BrE) 從拉傷中恢復過來；擺脫拉傷的痛苦◇Gerrard will play if he can shake off a slight thigh strain.如果大腿的輕微拉傷能恢復，傑拉德將會上場。
strain

noun³

 3type of virus or bacteria病毒種類；細菌種類ADJECTIVE | VERB + STRAIN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤new新菌株▸➤mutant突變菌株▸➤virulent毒性菌株▸➤antibiotic-resistant, drug-resistant, resistant耐抗生素／耐藥性／抗藥性菌株➤bacterial, viral細菌／病毒菌株➤flu, influenza流感菌株VERB + STRAIN➤discover, identify發現／找到菌株➤analyse/analyze, examine, test分析／檢驗／測試菌株PREPOSITION➤strain of⋯的菌株◇H5N1 is a strain of avian influenza.H5N1 是一種禽流感病毒。
strain

verb¹

 1make a great effort to do sth努力ADVERB | VERB + STRAIN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADVERB➤hard非常努力◇You could see he was straining hard to understand.可以看得出，他正竭力想弄明白。➤forward努力向前◇I strained forward to get a better view.我使勁向前，想看得更清楚些。VERB + STRAIN➤have to不得不盡力PREPOSITION➤against對⋯用力◇The dogs were straining against the sled.那些狗在用力拉雪橇。➤at用力拉◇Several men were straining at a rope, trying to move the stalled vehicle.好幾個人正在用力拉一根繩子，試圖拖動拋了錨的車子。➤for使勁⋯◇Their ears strained for any slight sound.他們都在側耳傾聽任何一點兒細微的聲音。➤under (often figurative) 努力承受⋯◇The company is already straining under the weight of a $12 billion debt.這家公司已經承受着 120 億美元的高額債務了。PHRASES➤strain to hear sth, strain to see sth努力聽⋯；努力看⋯◇We had to strain to hear what was being said.我們得費很大勁兒才能聽清在說什麼。
strain

verb²

 2put a lot of pressure on sth施加壓力ADVERB | PHRASES ADVERB➤seriously, severely使極其緊張◇The dispute severely strained relations between the two countries.這場爭端使兩國關係極其緊張。PHRASES➤strain sth to breaking point, strain sth to the breaking point (NAmE) 使⋯緊張到極點◇Our public health laboratories are strained to (the) breaking point.我們的公共衞生實驗室承受着極大的壓力。➤strain sth to its limits, strain sth to the limit使⋯承受極限壓力
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2749 COCA: 3659
strain noun
⇨ pressure 1 (a strain on your finances) ⇨ weight (break under the strain)strain verb
⇨ filter (strain off excess liquid) ⇨ injure (Don't strain your eyes.)
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2749 COCA: 3659

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