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test noun
⇨ test 1 (a blood test) ⇨ test 2 (a driving test) ⇨ criterion (a good test of the government's popularity) ⇨ game 1 (a five-day test match) ⇨ put sb/sth to the test ⇨ test 1 verb test verb
⇨ test 1 (test water for purity) ⇨ test 2 (test your English) test 1 a blood test 血液检测 a driving test 驾照考试 test ♦︎ experiment ♦︎ testing ♦︎ trial ♦︎ pilot study These are all words for a procedure carried out in order to find sth out, or see if sth works. 这些词均表示试验、测试、检查。 PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配 ◆ a test / an experiment / testing / a trial on sth ◆ an experiment / testing / a trial with sth ◆ in / during a test / an experiment / testing / a trial◆ a test / an experiment / testing / a trial / a pilot study to do sth ◆ successful tests / experiments / testing / trials / pilot studies◆ extensive / rigorous tests / experiments / testing / trials◆ scientific / practical / field / laboratory / pilot / clinical / medical tests / experiments / testing / trials◆ to do a test / an experiment ◆ to carry out / conduct a test / an experiment / testing / a trial / a pilot study ◆ to set up / design a test / an experiment / a trial / a pilot study ◆ to undergo tests / testing / trials ◆ tests / experiments / testing / trials / pilot studies show sth ◆ a test / an experiment / a trial / a pilot study demonstrates / indicates sth ◆ a test / an experiment / a trial suggests / proves / finds sth ■ test [countable ] a medical examination to discover what is wrong with sb or check the condition of their health; a procedure to discover whether or how well sth works, or to find out more information about it 检查；化验；检验；测试 ◆ a / an eye / blood / pregnancy test眼睛检查；血液检测；妊娠检验 ◆ He developed a simple test for diabetes.他开发了一种简单的检测糖尿病的方法。 ◆ The hospital is doing some tests.那家医院正在做一些化验。 ◆ Rigorous safety tests are being carried out on the new jet.正在对新型的喷气式飞机进行严格的安全测试。 ◆ Three athletes were sent home after failing drugs tests.三名未通过药检的田径运动员被遣回。 ◆ Tests have shown high levels of pollutants in the water.测试显示水中污染物含量很高。 ■ experiment [countable , uncountable ] a scientific test that is carried out in order to study what happens and to gain new knowledge; a new activity, idea or method that you try out to see what happens or what effect it has 实验；试验；尝试 ◆ Many people do not like the idea of experiments on animals.许多人不赞成在动物身上做试验。 ◆ Facts can be established by observation and experiment .通过观察和实验可以构建事实。 ◆ The school decided to try an experiment in single-sex education.那所学校决定进行单一性别教育试验。 ◆ I've never cooked this before so it's a bit of an experiment.我之前从未煮过这道菜，所以这有点儿试验性质。 ■ testing [uncountable ] the activity of testing sb/sth in order to find sth out or to see whether or how well it works 试验；测试；检查 ◆ All our cosmetics are produced without animal testing.我们生产的所有化妆品都没有用动物来试验。 ◆ He announced a moratorium on all nuclear testing.他宣布暂停所有核试验。 ■ trial [countable , uncountable ] the process of testing sth, such as a drug, in order to decide whether it is safe and effective enough to be used generally; a short period in which you use sth or employ sb to see how well they perform before you make a decision about them （对药物等进行的）试验；（使用某物或聘用某人的）试用期 ◆ The new drug is undergoing clinical trials.这种新药正在进行临床试验。 ◆ She agreed to employ me for a trial period .她同意让我上班试用一段时期。 ◆ The system was introduced on a trial basis .这个系统给引入试用过。 ◆ We had the machine on trial for a week.这台机器我们已经试用了一个星期。 ◆ They are treating the trip as a trial run for their 500-mile sponsored ride later this month.他们把这次行程看作本月晚些时候500英里赞助行的试验。 ■ ˈpilot study [countable ] a study done on a small scale in order to see if sth is successful enough to do on a large scale 试点研究 ◆ The Mayor's office has agreed to fund a pilot study into the plan.市长办公室同意拨款对该计划进行试点研究。 test 2 a blood test 血液检测 a driving test 驾照考试 ➡ See also the entry for assessment 另见assessment条 test ♦︎ exam ♦︎ examination ♦︎ paper ♦︎ quiz ♦︎ oral ♦︎ practical These are all words for a set of questions for sb to answer or activities for them to carry out in order to see how much they know about a subject or what they can do. 这些词均表示对知识或能力的测验、考查。 PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配 ◆ a test / an exam / an examination / a quiz on sth ◆ a test / an exam / an examination in sth ◆ a written test / exam / examination / paper / quiz ◆ a practical test / exam / examination / paper ◆ a / an difficult / easy / important / final / end of year test / exam / examination ◆ a chemistry / geography, etc. test / exam / examination / paper / quiz / practical ◆ to pass / fail a test / an exam / an examination / a paper / a quiz / an oral / a practical ◆ to take a test / an exam / an examination / a paper / a quiz / a practical ◆ to do a test / an exam / an examination / a paper / a quiz ◆ to set / mark a test / an exam / an examination / a paper ◆ to grade a test / an exam / an examination / a paper / a quiz ◆ test / exam / examination / quiz questions ■ test [countable ] a set of questions for sb to answer or activities for them to carry out to in order to see how much they know about a subject or what they can do 测验；考查 ◆ There are end of year tests in English, maths and science.年终有英语、数学和科学测验。 ◆ (BrE a good mark in the test优良的测验成绩 ◆ (NAmE a good grade on the test优良的测验成绩 ◆ Is this a fair test of students' skills?这是对学生技能的公平测试吗？ ◆ (BrE I took my driving test last week.我上周参加了驾照考试。 ◆ (NAmE my driver's test我的驾照考试 ■ exam [countable ] a formal written, spoken or practical test, especially at a school or college, to see how much you know about a subject or what you can do （尤指学校举行的正式）考试 ◆ (BrE She did well in her exams.她考试考得不错。 ◆ (NAmE She did well on her exams.她考试考得不错。 ◆ (BrE to mark an exam阅卷评分 ◆ (NAmE to grade an exam阅卷评分 ◆ (BrE I got my exam results today.我今天拿到了考试成绩。 ◆ (NAmE I got my exam grades / scores today.我今天拿到了考试成绩。 ◆ (BrE He's practising hard for his piano exam.他为了钢琴考试刻苦练习。 ■ examination [countable ] (formal ) an exam 考试 ◆ Students may enter for both examinations .学生可报考这两种考试。 ◆ There has been a fall in the number of examination candidates .考试报名人数有所下降。 NOTE 辨析 An exam is a written, spoken or practical test at school or college, usually an important one at the end of a year, semester or course of study. In the US these are often called final exams or just finals . In Britain, finals is only used to mean the exams at the end of a degree programme. Examination is a much more formal word for an exam. A test is sth that students might be given in the middle of a year, semester or course of study, covering only part of the material. Test is also usually used when it is a practical skill or physical or mental ability, rather than academic knowledge, that is being tested. * exam是学校举行的考试，形式可以是笔试、口试或操作考试，通常为年终、期末或课程结业时的重要考试。在美国，这种考试常称为final exams，或仅称finals。在英国，finals仅指学位课程结束时的考试。examination是exam正式得多的说法。test指在年度、学期或课程学习中间进行的测验，仅考查部分学习内容。test亦常指对操作技能、体能或智力，而非学术知识的测试 ◆ an endurance test耐力测试 ◆ an IQ test智商测试 ◆ (BrE a driving test驾照考试 ◆ (NAmE a driver's test驾照考试 ■ paper [countable ] (BrE a set of exam questions on a particular subject; the answers that people write to the questions 试卷；试题；答卷 ◆ The geography paper was hard.地理试题很难。 ◆ She spent the evening marking exam papers .她用了一个晚上批阅试卷。 ■ quiz (plural quizzes [countable ] (especially NAmE ) a short informal test given to students 小测验 ◆ After reading a book, students take a short reading comprehension quiz.读了一本书后，学生做了一次阅读理解小测验。 ◆ We had a pop quiz (= one that we were not told about in advance) in math class today.我们今天的数学课进行了突击小测验。 ■ oral ˈɔːrəl [countable ] a spoken exam 口试 ◆ I've got my French oral on Tuesday.我星期二要参加法语口试。 ◆ He passed the written exam, but failed the oral.他通过了笔试，但口试不及格。 ⓘ In British English, an oral is usually an exam in a foreign language to test your speaking skills. In American English, an oral usually refers to a spoken exam in college in which the student answers questions in any subject. 在英式英语中，oral通常指外语考试中的口试。在美式英语中，oral通常指大学里学生回答某科目问题的口试。 ■ practical [countable ] (BrE informal ) a lesson or exam in science or technology in which students have to do or make things, not just read and write about them 实习课；实践课；实验考核 ◆ The course involves lectures, demonstrations and practicals.这门课程包括讲课、演示和实习。 ◆ The second part of the exam is a three-hour practical.考试第二部分是三个小时的实际操作。 test 1 test water for purity 检验水的纯度 test your English 考查你的英语 ➡ See also the entry for try 2 另见try条第2义 test ♦︎ experiment ♦︎ try sb/sth out ♦︎ pilot ♦︎ put sb/sth to the test ♦︎ screen These words all mean to use or examine sth to find out how well it works or to check for problems. 这些词语均表示试验、检验。 PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配 ◆ to test (sb / sth) / try sth out / screen sb for sth ◆ to test sth / experiment / try sth out on sb / sth ◆ to test / screen patients ◆ to test a theory ◆ to put a theory to the test ◆ to fully / thoroughly test / pilot sth ◆ to test / screen (sb / sth) regularly / routinely ◆ to rigorously test sth / put sth to the test ■ test [transitive ] to use or examine a machine, product or substance to find out how well it works or to find out more information about it; to examine the blood, a part of the body, etc. to find out what is wrong with sb or to check the condition of their health 试验；检验；检查，化验（血液或身体部位等） ◆ Our beauty products are not tested on animals.我们的美容产品不用动物做试验。 ◆ The water is regularly tested for purity.定期检测水的纯度。 ◆ You should have your hearing tested.你应该测一测听力。 ◆ Two athletes tested positive for steroids.两名运动员的类固醇检测呈阳性。 ■ experiment [intransitive ] to carry out a scientific experiment or experiments; to try new things, ideas or methods to find out how successful they are or what effect they have 做试验；进行实验；尝试；试做 ◆ Some people feel that experimenting on animals causes unnecessary suffering.有人觉得用动物做试验会带来不必要的痛苦。 ◆ He wanted to experiment more with different textures in his paintings.他想在自己的绘画中更多地尝试不同的质感。 ◆ I experimented until I got the recipe just right.我不断尝试，直至找到正合适的烹饪方法为止。 ■ ˌtry sb/sth ˈout to use or test sb/sth in order to see how good or effective they are 试用（某人或某物） ◆ They're trying out a new presenter for the show.他们正在为这个节目试用一名新的主持人。 ◆ I've got an idea I'd like to try out.我有个主意想尝试一下。 try ⇨ try 2 ■ pilot [transitive ] to test a new product, system or idea with a few people or in a small area before it is introduced everywhere 试点；试行 ◆ The recycling boxes have been successfully piloted in a number of areas.回收箱在一些地区试点过后取得成功。 ■ put sb/sth to the ˈtest (putting , put , put to put sb/sth in a situation which will show what their true qualities are or how good they are at sth 使受考验；使受检验 ◆ His theories have never really been put to the test.他的理论从未真正经受过检验。 ◆ He took her out on the ski slopes to put her skills to the test.他把她带到滑雪坡道，检验她的技能。 ■ screen [transitive , often passive ] to examine or do tests on a lot of people in order to find out if they have a particular disease or illness 筛查（以检测是否有某种疾病）；检查 ◆ Men over 55 should be regularly screened for prostate cancer.55岁以上的男人应定期做前列腺癌检查。 test 2 test water for purity 检验水的纯度 test your English 考查你的英语 ➡ See also the entry for mark verb 2 另见mark动词词条第2义 test ♦︎ examine ♦︎ quiz ♦︎ assess These words all mean to check sb's knowledge or ability by asking them questions or giving them activities to carry out. 这些词均表示测验、考查知识或能力。 PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配 ◆ to test / examine / quiz / assess sb on sth ◆ to test / examine sb in sth ■ test [transitive , intransitive ] to check sb's knowledge or ability by asking them questions or giving them activities to carry out 测验；考查 ◆ All students are tested in English and mathematics.所有学生都接受英语和数学测验。 ◆ We test your English before deciding which class to put you in.我们测试过你的英语后再决定把你分在哪一个班。 ◆ Schools use various methods of testing.学校采用各种各样的测试方法。 ■ examine [transitive ] (formal ) to test sb's knowledge or ability, especially in a formal or official test 考，测验（尤指以正式或官方的考试形式进行） ◆ The students will be examined in all subjects at the end of term.期末时学生要参加所有学科的考试。 ◆ You are only being examined on this semester's work.只考你本学期学的课程。 examiner ⇨ judge noun 2 ■ quiz (-zz- [transitive ] (NAmE to give students a short informal test 让（学生）做小测验 ◆ You will be quizzed on chapter 6 tomorrow.明天你们将有一个第6章的小考。 ■ assess [transitive ] to find out a student's knowledge or ability while they are doing a programme of study, by giving them written work, tests, exams or practical exercises （通过作业、测验、考试或实际练习）评估，评定（学生的知识或能力） ◆ Students will be assessed on their use of these skills.将评估学生运用这些技能的能力。 ◆ The tests are used to assess individual students' ability and knowledge.这些测试用于评估学生个体的能力和知识。 assess ⇨ judge verb 1 , assessment ⇨ assessment
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