1discover the facts about sth斷定ADVERB | VERB + DETERMINEADVERB➤exactly, precisely準確斷定;精確測定◇We need a detailed investigation to determine exactly why these cancers are occurring.我們需要在詳細調查後才能準確判斷這些癌症的成因。➤reliably可靠地斷定➤conclusively, definitively最終斷定➤unambiguously明白無誤地斷定➤objectively客觀地斷定VERB + DETERMINE➤try to試圖確定▸➤be used to, help to用以確定;有助於確定◇Computer models help to determine whether a particular area is likely to flood.電腦模型有助於測定某一特定地區發生洪災的可能性。➤be easy to, be possible to容易斷定;有可能斷定▸➤be difficult to, be impossible to難以斷定;不可能斷定◇It is difficult to determine the exact cause of the illness.很難斷定致病的確切原因。➤be necessary to有必要確定▸➤be able to能夠斷定determine
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2make sth happen in a particular way決定ADVERB➤biologically, culturally, genetically由生物因素/由文化/由基因決定◇the debate about whether such attitudes are biologically or culturally determined關於這些態度是由生物因素還是由文化決定的辯論➤ultimately最終決定◇a decision which would ultimately determine the fate of the project會最終決定這個項目命運的一項決策➤directly直接決定◇Reproductive success is directly determined by attractiveness to the female.繁殖成功與否直接取決於對雌性的吸引力。➤largely, mainly, primarily大體/主要/首先決定➤partly部份決定➤solely, uniquely僅僅/單獨決定
determine verb ⇨determine (determined by social factors)⇨decide (A date has yet to be determined.)⇨find3 (determine the cause)determine
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determine ♦︎ shape ♦︎ govern ♦︎ dictate ♦︎ form ♦︎ decide ♦︎ ruleThese words all mean to control or to influence the way that sth happens or that sb/sth develops.这些词均表示支配或影响事情的发生、发展或人的发展。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺下图显示这些词所表达支配或影响的程度
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PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to determine / shape / govern / dictate / decide how...◆to determine / govern / dictate / decide what / when / why...◆to determine / dictate that ...◆to determine / shape / dictate / decide the outcome / result (of sth)◆to determine / shape / dictate the course / direction / future (of sth)◆to determine / shape / form the character of sb / sth◆to determine / shape / govern behaviour◆a factor determines / shapes / governs / decides sth◆a force determines / shapes / governs sth◆to be largely determined / governed / dictated by sth■determine [transitive, often passive] (formal) to make sth happen in a particular way or be of a particular type决定;支配;影响◆Female employment was determined by economic and social factors.女性的就业受经济和社会因素的影响。◆The physical capabilities of a plant determine where it can and cannot live.植物的自然适应能力决定了它适合在什么地方生存。◆Upbringing plays an important part in determining a person's character.后天培养对于一个人性格的形成起着重要作用。■shape [transitive] to have an important influence on the way sb/sth develops决定⋯的形成;影响⋯的发展◆Historical events helped to shape the town.历史事件对这个城镇的发展有相当的影响。◆She had a leading role in shaping party policy.她在该党的政策方向定调上起了主导作用。◆Religion had long been losing its power to shape and control behaviour.长期以来宗教已经失去了对人们行为的影响和控制力。■govern [transitive, often passive] (ratherformal) to control or influence how sth happens or works or how sb behaves控制;支配;影响◆Prices are very much governed by market demand.价格的高低在很大程度上取决于市场的需求。◆We need changes in the law governing school attendance.我们需要对影响就学率的法规作一些改动。◆All his decisions had been entirely governed by self-interest.他的所有决定完全受利己之心支配。■dictate [transitive, intransitive](of particular circumstances) to control what happens or the way that sth happens(特定情况)支配,摆布,决定◆It's generally your job that dictates where you live now.一般说来,你的工作决定了你当前的居住地点。◆Circumstances dictated that I had to wait nearly two years.客观环境决定,我得等将近两年。◆This is clearly the best choice, unless financial considerations dictate otherwise.这显然是最佳选择,除非经济上不允许。◆She had to remain indoors for 30 days before the wedding, as custom dictates.按照习俗的规定,婚礼前30天她必须足不出户。■form [transitive] to have an important influence on the way sb's character or ideas develop对(性格或思想的形成)有重大影响◆Positive and negative experiences form a child's character.正反两方面的经历都会影响儿童性格的形成。◆No other work of fiction has had such an influence in forming public attitudes.没有哪本小说对公众的态度产生过这么大的影响。NOTE辨析 Shape or form?Both these words can be used to talk about the influences on a person's character or ideas.这两个词都可指对人的性格或思想产生影响◆to shape / form sb's character / ideas / attitude / opinions决定某人性格/思想/态度/观点的形成Shape, but not form can also be used to talk about influencing sb's behaviour or a course of events. * shape还可指对人的行为或事态发展产生影响,form则不能◆Historical events helped to form the town.◆the power of religion to form behaviour■decide [transitive, intransitive] to determine the result of sth决定(或影响)⋯的结果◆A mixture of skill and good luck decided the outcome of the game.实力和运气结合在一起决定了比赛的结果。◆In the end, price was the deciding factor.最终,价格成了决定因素。■rule [transitive, often passive] (oftendisapproving) to be the main thing that influences and controls sb's life or choices, especially in a way that restricts them支配;控制;制约◆The pursuit of money ruled his life.对金钱的追求支配着他的生活。◆We live in a society where we are ruled by the clock.我们生活在一个人人都受时间控制的社会里。