ADJECTIVE | VERB + POVERTY | POVERTY + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASESADJECTIVE➤abject, absolute, extreme, grinding, severe極其貧窮;赤貧;一貧如洗▸➤widespread普遍的貧窮▸➤global, world全球/世界性貧困▸➤rural, urban鄉村的貧困狀況;城市貧窮問題▸➤child貧困兒童的問題VERB + POVERTY➤alleviate, combat, fight, reduce緩解貧困;與貧困作鬥爭;扶貧▸➤eliminate, end, eradicate消滅貧困◇a plan to eradicate urban poverty一項消除城市貧困的計劃➤escape擺脫貧困◇his struggle to escape the grinding poverty of his childhood他為擺脫童年時期的極度貧困而作的掙扎POVERTY + NOUN➤trap貧困陷阱(指領政府津貼的窮人因工資增加而津貼相應減少,無法改善經濟狀況)◇Caught in the poverty trap, they are unable to save money for business ventures.工資增加,政府津貼就減少,他們身陷貧困陷阱,無法存錢辦公司。➤rate貧困率➤reduction扶貧PREPOSITION➤in poverty處於貧窮之中◇Most of the population lives in grinding poverty.大多數的人口生活貧困。➤poverty among⋯之中的貧窮◇the true extent of poverty among the unemployed失業者實際的貧窮程度➤poverty of缺乏◇His work displays a poverty of imagination.他的作品缺乏想像力。PHRASES➤above/below/under the poverty level, above/below/under the poverty line在貧困線之上/之下◇families living below the poverty line / level生活在貧困線以下的家庭➤at the poverty level, at the poverty line, on the poverty line (BrE) 處於貧困線水平
poverty ♦︎ need ♦︎ deprivation ♦︎ privation ♦︎ destitutionThese are all words for the state of having very little money, especially when this is not enough for basic needs.这些词均表示贫困,尤指缺乏生活基本所需。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in poverty / need / destitution◆poverty / need / deprivation among...◆great poverty / need / deprivation / privation◆extreme / real poverty / need / deprivation◆rural / inner-city / urban poverty / deprivation◆economic poverty / need / deprivation / privation◆material poverty / need / deprivation◆to endure / suffer poverty / deprivation / privation■poverty ˈpɒvəti; NAmEˈpɑːvərti [uncountable] the state of being poor贫困;贫穷◆Thousands of families are living in abject / dire poverty in the shanty towns.数以千计的家庭住在贫民区,生活极度贫困。◆There are millions living on incomes below the poverty line(= who are too poor to afford necessary items).数百万人收入很少,生活在贫困线以下。OPPwealth ⇨ money3 see also poor ⇨ poor1, hardship ⇨ trouble2■need [uncountable] the state of not having enough food, money or support(食物、钱或支持的)短缺,缺乏◆The charity aims to provide assistance to people in need.这家慈善机构的宗旨是向贫困者提供帮助。◆He helped me in my hour of need.在我困难的时候他帮助过我。 see also needy ⇨ poor1■deprivationˌdeprɪˈveɪʃn [uncountable] (ratherformal) a lack of the basic things that people need for living, such as enough money, food, clothes and care(生活必需品如钱、衣食和照顾等的)缺乏;贫困◆In the inner cities you will find neglected children suffering from social deprivation.在内城区总能看到遭社会遗弃无人照管的儿童。 see also deprived ⇨ poor1■privation praɪˈveɪʃn [countable, usually plural, uncountable] (formal) a lack of the basic things that people need for living, such as enough money, food or clothes(生活必需品如钱、衣食等的)匮乏;贫困◆They suffered all the privations of poverty.他们饱尝了所有的艰难困苦。◆They endured years of suffering and privation.他们饱受多年的煎熬和贫困。■destitutionˌdestɪˈtjuːʃn; NAmEˌdestɪˈtuːʃn [uncountable] the state of having no money, food, home, etc.贫穷;赤贫◆Help from local charities meant that the degree of deprivation stopped short of actual destitution.当地慈善机构给予的帮助使贫困者不至于一贫如洗。 see also destitute ⇨ poor1NOTE辨析 Deprivation, privation or destitution?Privation and deprivation mean the lack of basic things such as proper food, clothes, etc. Deprivation can also mean a lack of care, for example the care that adults should take of children. Destitution is what you experience when you have no job, no money and no home. * privation和deprivation意为基本衣食的匮乏。deprivation还可以指缺乏照顾,如成人对儿童的照顾。destitution指没有工作、没有钱、没有家等一无所有的境地。