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BNC: 616 COCA: 808
fail
feɪl fel feɪl
Word forms: plural , 3rd person singular present tense fails, present participle failing, past tense , past participle failed
1 VERB 失败;未能够;未做成 If you fail to do something that you were trying to do, you are unable to do it or do not succeed in doing it. 失败;未能够;未做成

  • The Workers' Party failed to win a single governorship. [VERB to-infinitive]

    劳工党连一个州长职位也未能赢得。

  • He failed in his attempt to take control of the company. [VERB + in]

    他试图掌控公司，但以失败告终。

  • Many of us have tried to lose weight and failed miserably. [VERB]

    我们中很多人都努力要减肥，无奈均以惨败告终。

  • The truth is, I'm a failed comedy writer really. [VERB-ed]

    事实上，我真的是个很失败的喜剧作家。

2 VERB (活动、尝试、计划等)失败，不成功 If an activity, attempt, or plan fails, it is not successful. (活动、尝试、计划等)失败，不成功

  • We tried to develop plans for them to get along, which all failed miserably. [VERB]

    我们试图计划让他们好好相处，但均以惨败告终。

  • He was afraid the revolution they had started would fail. [VERB]

    他担心他们发起的大变革会遭遇失败。

  • After a failed military offensive, all government troops and police were withdrawn from the island. [VERB-ed]

    在一次军事进攻失败之后，所有政府军和警察均从岛上撤离了。

SYN be unsuccessful, founder, fall flat, come to nothing
3 VERB 没有做，未做(应做的事) If someone or something fails to do a particular thing that they should have done, they do not do it. 没有做，未做(应做的事) [formal]

  • Some schools fail to set any homework. [VERB to-infinitive]

    有些学校没有布置任何作业。

  • He failed to file tax returns for 1982. [VERB to-infinitive]

    他没有呈报 1982 年的纳税申报单。

  • The bomb failed to explode. [VERB to-infinitive]

    炸弹没有爆炸。

4 VERB 出故障;失灵 If something fails, it stops working properly, or does not do what it is supposed to do. 出故障;失灵

  • The lights mysteriously failed, and we stumbled around in complete darkness. [VERB]

    灯不知怎么地不亮了，我们在一片黑暗中跌跌撞撞地走着。

  • In fact many food crops failed because of the drought. [VERB]

    实际上，因为干旱，很多粮食作物歉收。

SYN wither, perish, sag, droop
5 VERB (企业)倒闭，破产;(机构)解体;(体系)崩溃 If a business, organization, or system fails, it becomes unable to continue in operation or in existence. (企业)倒闭，破产;(机构)解体;(体系)崩溃 [business]

  • So far this year, 104 banks have failed. [VERB]

    今年到目前为止，已有 104 家银行倒闭。

  • ...a failed hotel business. [VERB-ed]

    破产的酒店

  • Who wants to buy a computer from a failing company? [VERB-ing]

    谁愿意从一家要倒闭的公司买计算机呢？

SYN go bankrupt, crash, collapse, fold [informal]
6 VERB (健康状况、体质等)衰弱，虚弱，衰退 If something such as your health or a physical quality is failing, it is becoming gradually weaker or less effective. (健康状况、体质等)衰弱，虚弱，衰退

  • He was 58, and his health was failing rapidly. [VERB]

    他 58 岁，身体正在迅速衰老。

  • Here in the hills, the light failed more quickly. [VERB]

    在山区这儿，天黑得更快。

  • An apparently failing memory is damaging for a national leader. [VERB-ing]

    明显的记忆力衰退对一个国家领导人来说极为不利。

SYN decline, fade, weaken, deteriorate
7 VERB 辜负;使失望 If someone fails you, they do not do what you had expected or trusted them to do. 辜负;使失望

  • We waited twenty-one years, don't fail us now. [VERB noun]

    我们等了 21 年了，如今不要让我们失望。

  • ...communities who feel that the political system has failed them. [VERB noun]

    对此套政治体制感到失望的群体

SYN disappoint, abandon, desert, neglect
8 VERB 不履行，未尽(职责) If someone fails in their duty or fails in their responsibilities, they do not do everything that they have a duty or a responsibility to do. 不履行，未尽(职责)

  • Lawyers are accused of failing in their duties to advise clients of their rights. [VERB in noun]

    律师们被控未尽到告知当事人其正当权利的职责。

  • If we did not report what was happening in the country, we would be failing in our duty. [VERB + in]

    如果我们没有报道这个国家正在发生的事情，我们就没有尽到自己的责任。

9 VERB (品质或能力)有负于;(使)不如愿;不够 If a quality or ability that you have fails you, or if it fails, it is not good enough in a particular situation to enable you to do what you want to do. (品质或能力)有负于;(使)不如愿;不够

  • For once, the artist's fertile imagination failed him. [VERB noun]

    这位画家丰富的想象力曾一度枯竭。

  • Their courage failed a few steps short and they came running back. [VERB]

    还差几步他们却胆怯了，又跑回来了。

10 VERB 不及格 If someone fails a test, examination, or course, they perform badly in it and do not reach the standard that is required. →see usage note at: exam 不及格

  • I lived in fear of failing my end-of-term exams.

    我总是担心期末考试不及格。

Fail is also a noun.

  • It's the difference between a pass and a fail.

    这是及格和不及格的差别。

11 VERB 评定…不及格;使不及格 If someone fails you in a test, examination, or course, they judge that you have not reached a high enough standard in it. 评定…不及格;使不及格

  • ...the two men who had failed him during his first year of law school. [VERB noun]

    在法学院一年级时让他不及格的两个人

12 PHRASE 如果其他一切都不奏效的话;假如其他都行不通 You say if all else fails to suggest what could be done in a certain situation if all the other things you have tried are unsuccessful. 如果其他一切都不奏效的话;假如其他都行不通

  • If all else fails, I could always drive a truck.

    如果其他都不行，我总还可以开卡车。

13 PHRASE [PHRASE wh] (用以表示不赞成)不明白，看不出 You can use I fail to see or I fail to understand in order to introduce a statement which indicates that you do not agree with what someone has said or done. (用以表示不赞成)不明白，看不出 [formal]

  • That's how it was in my day and I fail to see why it should be different now.

    我那时候就是这样的，我搞不懂为什么现在非要弄得不一样。

14 PHRASE 总是;一直 You use without fail to emphasize that something always happens. 总是;一直 [emphasis] [emphasis]

  • He attended every meeting without fail.

    他逢会必到。

SYN without exception, regularly, constantly, invariably
15 PHRASE (用以强调命令或承诺)一定，必须 You use without fail to emphasize an order or a promise. (用以强调命令或承诺)一定，必须

  • On the 30th you must without fail hand in some money for Alex.

    30 日那天你必须替亚历克斯交一些钱。

  • Tomorrow without fail he would be at the old riverside warehouse.

    明天他一定会在河边的旧仓库里。

Trends of fail
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BNC: 616 COCA: 808
fail

verb¹

 1not succeed不成功ADVERB | VERB + FAIL | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADVERB➤dismally, miserably慘敗◇I tried to cheer her up, but failed miserably.我試圖讓她振作起來，結果卻碰了一鼻子灰。➤spectacularly驚人地失敗◇She came up with several plans that failed spectacularly before finally achieving success.她想出了幾個方案，但都功敗垂成。➤never從未失敗◇That joke never fails.那個笑話屢試不爽。VERB + FAIL➤cannot不可能失敗◇The song can't fail to be a hit (= will definitely be a hit).這首歌定會一炮而紅。➤can hardly幾乎不會失敗▸➤be bound to, be destined to, be doomed to必然會／命運決定要／注定會失敗◇an enterprise that was doomed to fail from the start從一開始就注定會失敗的事業PREPOSITION➤in在⋯方面失敗◇Doctors are failing in their duty if they do not warn their patients of the dangers.如果醫生不提醒病人注意種種危險，那就是失職。PHRASES➤try and fail嘗試並失敗◇Others have tried and failed.其他人試過，卻失敗了。
fail

verb²

 2fail to do sth not do sth未做ADVERB➤completely, totally徹底／完全沒有做到◇The authorities have totally failed to address this problem.當局完全沒有處理這一問題。
BNC: 616 COCA: 808
fail verb
⇨ fail 1 (fail to attend) ⇨ fail 2 (fail in your attempt) ⇨ fail 3 (fail an exam) ⇨ break 2 (your brakes fail) ⇨ close 2 (a business fails) ⇨ disappoint (fail your family) ⇨ worsen (sb's health is failing)fail1

verb

 fail to keep an appointment 未履约fail in your attempt 尝试失败fail an exam 考试不及格fail ♦︎ forget ♦︎ neglect ♦︎ omitThese words all mean to not do sth that you should do. 这些词均表示不做或未能做某事。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to fail / forget / neglect / omit to do sth◆to completely / totally / almost / never / conveniently fail / forget to do sth■ fail [transitive, intransitive] (rather formal) to not do sth 不做；未履行◆He failed to keep the appointment.他未履约。◆She never fails to email every week.每周她必定发电子邮件。◆I fail to see (= I don't understand) why you won't even give it a try.我不明白为什么你连试一试都不愿意。◆He felt he would be failing in his duty if he did not report it.他认为他如果不报告就是失职。▸ failure

noun

 [uncountable, countable] ◆Failure to comply with the regulations will result in prosecution.不遵守这些条例将被起诉。◆His confession followed repeated failures to appear in court.屡次缺席出庭后他供认了罪行。■ forget (forgetting, forgot, forgotten) [intransitive, transitive] to not remember to do sth that you ought to do 忘记做◆'Why weren't you at the meeting?' 'Sorry－I forgot.'“你为什么没有参加会议？”“对不起，我忘了。”◆Take care, and don't forget to write.多加保重，别忘了写信。◆ (spoken) Aren't you forgetting something?(= I think you have forgotten to do sth).你没有忘记什么吗？OPP remember ⇨ remember   see also forget ⇨ leave 4 ■ neglect nɪˈglekt [intransitive] (formal) to fail or forget to do sth that you ought to do 疏忽；疏漏◆You neglected to mention the name of your previous employer.你忘了提你前雇主的名字。■ omit əˈmɪt (-tt-) [intransitive] (especially BrE, formal) to fail to do sth 不做；未能做◆She omitted to mention that they were staying the night.她没说他们当晚要留宿的事。NOTE 辨析 Neglect or omit? Neglect can suggest that you think the person simply forgot or did not bother to carry out the necessary action; omit can suggest that not doing or saying sth was deliberate. Omit is used most often with speech-related verbs such as ask, disclose, inform, mention, say and tell. * neglect暗指只是因一时大意或图省事而没有做该做的事；omit暗指故意不做或不说某事。omit最常跟与说话相关的动词连用，如ask、disclose、inform、mention、say和tell。fail2

verb

 fail to keep an appointment 未履约fail in your attempt 尝试失败fail an exam 考试不及格fail ♦︎ go wrong ♦︎ collapse ♦︎ break down ♦︎ get/go nowhere ♦︎ backfire ♦︎ founder ♦︎ fall through ♦︎ come to nothingThese words all mean to be unsuccessful, especially after a period of time trying to do sth. 这些词均表示失败，尤指劳而无功。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a plan fails / goes wrong / backfires / founders / falls through / comes to nothing◆a relationship / marriage fails / goes wrong / collapses / breaks down◆talks fail / collapse / break down / founder / fall through◆a project fails / collapses / founders / falls through◆a deal goes wrong / collapses / falls through◆to fail / backfire badly◆to completely fail / break down◆to go badly / completely wrong■ fail [intransitive, transitive](of a person or thing) to not be successful in achieving sth （人或事物）失败，未能（做到）◆They had tried and they had failed.他们努力过，也失败过。◆I failed in my attempt to persuade her.我未能说服她。◆I tried to cheer her up, but failed miserably.我尽量让她高兴起来，但丝毫不成功。◆She failed to get into art college.她未能进入艺术学院。OPP succeed ⇨ achieve , succeed ⇨ succeed   see also failure ⇨ loser 2 ■ goˈ wrong

idiom

(goes, went, gone) (rather informal) (of a thing) to experience problems or difficulties; (of a person) to make a mistake （事情）出现问题，遇到困难；（人）犯错误，做错事◆The relationship started to go wrong when they moved abroad.移居国外后，他们的关系开始出问题了。◆What would you do if something went wrong?要是出问题的话，你会怎么做？◆He was badly injured when the joke went horribly wrong.玩笑开得过了火，他很受伤害。◆Where did we go wrong with those kids (= what mistakes did we make for them to behave so badly)?我们什么地方做错了，把这些孩子惯成这样？◆If you do what she tells you, you won't go far wrong.你要是照她说的去做，就不会出大差错。■ collapse kəˈlæps [intransitive](of a thing or group of people) to fail suddenly and completely （事物或一群人）突然失败，崩溃◆Talks between management and unions have collapsed.资方与工会的谈判已告破裂。◆All opposition to the plan has collapsed.所有反对此计划的力量均已消除。◆The home side collapsed spectacularly in the second half.主队在下半场溃不成军。■ ˌbreak ˈdown

phrasal verb

(broke, broken)(of talks or a relationship) to fail after a period of time, especially because of a problem or difficulty （谈判或关系）破裂（尤指因问题或困难所致）◆The agreement broke down almost immediately.协定几乎立刻失效。◆Communication between the two sides has broken down.双方的沟通已经中断。◆They were divorced on the grounds that their marriage had broken down irretrievably.他们离婚是因为婚姻破裂，无可挽救。■ get ˈnowhere■ go ˈnowhere

idiom

(getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten; goes, went, gone) (rather informal) (usually of a person) to make no progress or have no success; to allow sb to do this （通常指人）毫无进展；（让某人）一无所获◆We discussed it all morning but got nowhere.我们就此事讨论了一上午，但毫无进展。◆Do you ever get the feeling your job is going nowhere?你是否曾经觉得自己的工作一无所成？◆Talking to him will get you nowhere.和他谈话你会一无所获。OPP get somewhere ⓘ To be getting somewhere is to be making progress in what you are doing. * get somewhere表示有进展◆At last I feel we're getting somewhere.我终于觉得我们有了一些进展。 ■ backfire ˌbækˈfaɪə(r) [intransitive](of a plan) to have the opposite effect to the one intended, with bad or dangerous results （计划）产生事与愿违的不良（或危险）后果◆Unfortunately the plan backfired.不幸的是，此计划产生了适得其反的结果。◆The surprise I had planned backfired on me.我本想制造惊喜，结果却弄巧成拙。■ founder [intransitive] (rather formal, written) (of a plan or attempt to do sth) to fail because of a particular problem or difficulty （计划或做某事的企图）失败，破产◆The peace talks foundered on a basic lack of trust.由于缺乏基本信任，和平谈判失败了。◆The project foundered after problems with the funding.该项目因资金问题搁浅了。■ ˌfall ˈthrough

phrasal verb

(fell, fallen)(of a plan) to not be completed, or not happen （计划）落空，失败，成为泡影◆The deal fell through when the author received a more attractive offer.作者接受了别家更优厚的条件后，这笔交易落空了。■ come to ˈnothing■ not ˈcome to anything

idiom

(came, come) (rather informal) (of a plan or attempt to do sth) to be unsuccessful; to have no successful result （计划或做某事的企图）失败；没有结果◆How sad that all his hard work should come to nothing.他的所有辛劳可能落得一场空，真让人难过。◆Her plans didn't come to anything.她的计划全落空了。fail3

verb

 fail to keep an appointment 未履约fail in your attempt 尝试失败fail an exam 考试不及格fail ♦︎ flunkThese words both mean to not pass a test or exam, or to decide that sb has not passed a test or exam. 这两个词均表示考试不及格或评定不及格。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to fail / flunk a / an exam / examination / test / course■ fail [intransitive, transitive] to not pass a test, exam or course; to decide that sb/sth has not passed a test, exam or course 不及格；评定⋯不及格◆Once a student has failed on a few tasks, they lose motivation.学生一旦有几次作业不及格，就会失去学习动力。◆What will you do if you fail?你要是考试不及格打算干什么？◆He failed his driving test.他驾驶考试不及格。◆She was disqualified after failing a drugs test.她药检未通过，被取消了资格。◆My car failed its MOT.我的车没能通过旧车性能检测。◆The examiners failed over half the candidates.主考人员评定，半数以上报考者不及格。 OPP pass ⇨ graduate ■ flunk [intransitive, transitive] (especially NAmE, informal) (of a person) to fail a test, exam or course; to make sb fail a test, exam or course by giving them a low grade （人在测验、考试或课程中）失败，不及格；评定（某人）不及格◆I flunked math in second grade.我二年级时数学不及格。◆She's flunked 13 of the 18 students.18个学生她就给了13个不及格。◆He flunked out of college after four semesters (= had to leave because his grades were not good enough).四个学期后他因成绩差退学了。OPP pass ⇨ graduate
BNC: 616 COCA: 808

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