1causing death致命VERBS | ADVERB | PREPOSITIONVERBS➤be, prove致命;證明致命ADVERB➤nearly (especially NAmE) (near-fatal in BrE)幾近致命◇He has not driven since his nearly fatal accident earlier this year.自從今年較早時那次差點兒喪命的車禍之後,他就沒有開過車。(near-fatal in BrE)➤always, invariably總是/無一例外地有致命性➤often, sometimes, usually常會/有時會/通常會致命的▸➤rarely很少會致命的▸➤possibly, potentially可能致命的;有潛在致命威脅的◇a possibly fatal setback to his plans可能導致他計劃完全失敗的因素◇The disease is potentially fatal.這種疾病可能會致命。PREPOSITION➤for對⋯來說致命的◇This kind of accident is almost always fatal for the pilot.飛行員遇到這類事故,幾乎無一幸免於難。➤to對⋯致命的◇a chemical which is invariably fatal to small mammals對小型哺乳動物無一例外會致命的一種化學品fatal
adjective²
2causing serious trouble引發災難VERBS | ADVERB | PREPOSITIONVERBS➤be, prove有毀滅性;證明有毀滅性ADVERB➤absolutely絕對毀滅性的▸➤ultimately結局悲慘的◇Her disregard of this advice was ultimately fatal.她不聽這個建議,結局是災難性的。PREPOSITION➤to對⋯是毀滅性的◇Tax increases have proved fatal to the nation's business community.事實已證明,加稅對該國的企業界造成了致命打擊。
fatal ♦︎ deadly ♦︎ lethal ♦︎ malignant ♦︎ terminal ♦︎ incurable ♦︎ inoperableThese words all describe things that cause or can cause death.这些词均表示致命的、致死的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆fatal / deadly / lethal to sb / sth◆fatal / lethal for sb / sth◆a fatal / a deadly / a lethal / a malignant / a terminal / an incurable disease◆a fatal / a terminal / an incurable illness / condition◆a deadly / lethal cocktail / poison / venom / weapon◆potentially fatal / deadly / lethal / malignant■fatal ˈfeɪtl causing or ending in death致命的◆They were involved in a fatal accident.他们卷入一起出了人命的事故中。◆He suffered fatal injuries when he was struck by a car.他让车撞了,受了致命伤。ⓘ Fatal is used to talk about accidents, injuries, illnesses or attacks on people. It is not used to talk about poisons or weapons. * fatal用以形容伤及人命的accident、injury、illness和attack,不能形容poison和weapon。 see also fatality ⇨ victim1▸fatally
adverb
◆fatally injured / wounded受致命伤■deadlycausing or likely to cause death致死的;可致死的◆The cobra is one of the world's deadliest snakes.眼镜蛇是世上毒性最剧烈的蛇类之一。◆The terrorists have chosen to play a deadly game with the civilian population.恐怖分子故意要同平民百姓玩死亡游戏。ⓘ Deadly is used to talk about poisons and poisonous animals, weapons and attacks. It is not used about accidents or injuries. It collocates with disease and virus but notillness. * deadly用以形容poison、weapon、attack和有毒性的动物,不能形容事故和伤害。deadly可与disease和virus搭配,但不可与illness搭配。■lethal ˈliːθl causing or likely to cause death致死的;可致死的◆She had been given a lethal dose of poison.已给她服下致死剂量的毒药。◆He has been sentenced to death by lethal injection.他被判死刑,以注射毒剂方式执行。ⓘ Lethal is most commonly used with dose,cocktail, mixture, injection and weapon. It is not used to talk about accidents, injuries or attacks. * lethal最常与dose、cocktail、mixture、injection和weapon连用,不能用以形容事故、伤害和袭击。■malignant məˈlɪgnənt (medical医学) (of a disease or tumour) that cannot be controlled and is likely to cause death(疾病或肿瘤)恶性的◆The tests found some malignant cells.检查发现了一些恶性细胞。ⓘ Malignant is most often used with the words disease and tumour. A tumour is a mass of cells growing in or on a part of the body where they should not be. Other words that are used frequently with malignant are more technical medical words describing these types of cells, such as carcinoma and melanoma. * malignant最常跟disease和tumour连用。tumour指瘤、肿瘤、肿块。还有一些较为专业的描述此类细胞的医疗术语也常跟malignant连用,如carcinoma(癌)和melanoma(黑素瘤)。■terminal (ratherformal) (of an illness or disease) that cannot be cured and will lead to death, often slowly; (of a person) suffering from a terminal illness(疾病)晚期的,不治的;(人)患绝症的,晚期的◆He has terminal lung cancer.他患有晚期肺癌。◆Many terminal patients would prefer to end their days at home.许多晚期病人宁愿在家里度过最后的时光。▸terminally
adverb
◆terminally ill patients临终病人■incurableɪnˈkjʊərəbl; NAmEɪnˈkjʊrəbl(of an illness or disease) that cannot be cured(疾病)不能治愈的◆He's suffering from an incurable disease.他得了不治之症。OPPcurableⓘ A curable illness or disease can be cured. * curable指疾病可医治的、可治愈的◆Most skin cancers are curable if treated early.如果及早治疗,多数皮肤癌是可以治好的。▸incurably
adverb
◆incurably ill病入膏肓NOTE辨析 Terminal or incurable?Both terminal and incurable collocate with disease, condition and illness. Terminal is more formal and is used in more technical medical contexts; incurable is more likely to be used in everyday English. Terminal is the preferred term for talking about cancer.这两个词均可与disease、condition和illness搭配。terminal较正式,用于较专业的医疗语境;incurable更多用于日常英语中。描述癌症一般用terminal。■inoperableɪnˈɒpərəbl; NAmEɪnˈɑːpərəbl(of a disease or tumour) that cannot be cured by a medical operation(疾病或肿瘤)手术无法治愈的◆He was diagnosed with an inoperable brain tumour.他被诊断患有不能用手术治疗的脑瘤。OPPoperableⓘ An operable disease or tumour can be treated by a medical operation. * operable指疾病或肿瘤可以动手术治疗的。