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TOEFL BNC: 391 COCA: 320
understand
ʌndəʳstænd ˌʌndərˈstænd
Word forms: 3rd person singular present tense understands, present participle understanding, past tense , past participle understood
1 VERB [no cont]

理解；明白；聽懂 If you understand someone or understand what they are saying, you know what they mean. 理解；明白；聽懂

  • I think you heard and also understand me. [VERB noun]

    我想你聽到了我的話，也明白我的意思。

  • Rusty nodded as though she understood the old woman. [VERB noun]

    拉斯蒂點點頭，好像聽懂了那位老婦人的話似的。

  • I don't understand what you are talking about. [VERB wh]

    我不明白你在說什麽。

  • He was speaking poor English, trying to make himself understood. [make pron-refl V-ed]

    他的英語說得很差，努力想讓别人明白他的意思。

2 VERB [no cont]

懂（某種語言） If you understand a language, you know what someone is saying when they are speaking that language. 懂（某種語言）

  • I couldn't read or understand a word of Yiddish, so I asked him to translate. [VERB noun]

    我根本不懂意第緒語，所以請他來翻譯。

3 VERB [no cont]

理解（某人） To understand someone means to know how they feel and why they behave in the way that they do. 理解（某人）

  • It would be nice to have someone who really understood me, a friend. [VERB noun]

    要是有個真正理解我的人、有個朋友就好了。

  • Trish had not exactly understood his feelings. [VERB noun]

    特裏希並沒有完全理解他的感受。

  • She understands why I get tired and grumpy. [VERB wh]

    她理解我爲什麽累、爲什麽愛發火。

SYN sympathize with, appreciate, be aware of, be able to see
4 VERB [no cont]

知道，明白，了解（所發生的事及其原因） You say that you understand something when you know why or how it happens. 知道，明白，了解（所發生的事及其原因）

  • They are too young to understand what is going on. [VERB wh]

    他們還太小，不明白發生了什麽事。

  • She didn't understand why the TV was kept out of reach of the patients. [VERB wh]

    她不明白爲什麽病人不能看電視。

  • In the effort to understand AIDS, attention is moving from the virus to the immune system. [VERB noun]

    爲了解艾滋病，人們的注意力從艾滋病病毒轉向了免疫系統。

5 VERB [no cont]

聽說；獲悉；了解 If you understand that something is the case, you think it is true because you have heard or read that it is. You can say that something is understood to be the case to mean that people generally think it is true. 聽說；獲悉；了解

  • We understand that she's in the studio recording her second album. [VERB that]

    我們聽說她正在錄音棚錄制她的第二張專輯。

  • I understand you've heard about David. [VERB that]

    我知道你們已經聽說了戴維的事了。

  • As I understand it, you came round the corner by the cricket field and there was the man in the road. [VERB it]

    據我了解，你沿板球場邊來到拐角處，那個男的擋住了你的去路。

  • The management is understood to be very unwilling to agree to this request. [be VERB-ed to-infinitive]

    據了解，管理層很不樂意答應這項要求。

  • It is understood that the veteran reporter had a heart attack. [be VERB-ed that]

    據悉，那位資深記者心髒病發作。

SYN believe, hear, learn, gather
6 PHRASE

獲悉，間接得知 If someone is given to understand that something is the case, it is communicated to them that it is the case, usually without them being told directly. 獲悉，間接得知

  • I am given to understand that he was swearing throughout the game at our fans.

    我得知整場比賽中他一直沖着我方球迷罵個不停。

7 CONVENTION

明白嗎？懂了沒有？ You can use understand in expressions like do you understand? or is that understood? after you have told someone what you want, to make sure that they have understood you and will obey you. 明白嗎？懂了沒有？

  • You do not hit my grandchildren, do you understand?.

    你不準打我的孫子孫女，明白嗎？

  • I don't need it, understand?.

    我不需要，懂嗎？

  • I don't want to hear another word about it. Is that understood, Emma?

    關於此事我不想再聽到一個字，明白嗎，埃瑪？

Quotations
In the long course of history, having people who understand your thought is much greater security than another submarine J. William Fulbright speaking of the Fulbright scholarship programme
Thesaurus
Thesaurusunderstand Also look up:
VERB.

catch on, comprehend, get, grasp; (ant.) misunderstand 1

Trends of understand
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TOEFL BNC: 391 COCA: 320
understand

verb

ADVERB | VERB + UNDERSTAND | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADVERB➤clearly, well清楚地／很好地理解▸➤completely, fully, perfectly, quite, thoroughly, totally, truly充分理解；完全理解；相當理解；徹底理解；真正理解◇I fully understand the reason for your decision.我完全理解你作出這一決定的理由。➤better更好地理解◇These categories help us to better understand our readers.這些類別有助於我們更好地理解我們的讀者。➤not really, not truly不十分理解；沒有真正理解◇Her actions wounded him in a way he did not really understand.她的行為傷害了他，但他也不太明白是如何傷害的。➤not necessarily不一定理解◇They won't necessarily understand the pros and cons of the matter.他們不一定理解這件事的利與弊。➤not entirely, partially不完全／部份理解◇a complex topic which I only partially understand一個我只能部份理解的複雜話題➤barely, hardly幾乎不能理解◇I could barely understand a word of his story.他的故事我幾乎一個字都沒聽懂。➤adequately充分理解▸➤accurately, correctly, precisely, properly, rightly準確地／正確地／精確地／恰當地／確切地理解◇If I've understood you correctly...如果我對你的話理解得沒錯⋯➤easily, readily容易理解；易於明白◇The reasons for this decision are not easily understood.作出這個決定的原因很難讓人理解。➤immediately, instantly, quickly, suddenly馬上／立刻／迅速／突然明白◇The girl understands immediately and promises to be more careful.女孩立刻就明白了，並保證會更仔細些。➤finally終於明白◇I finally understood what she meant.我終於理解了她的意思。➤instinctively, intuitively本能地明白；憑直覺理解◇She intuitively understood his need to be alone.她憑直覺就知道他需要獨處。VERB + UNDERSTAND➤be able to, can能夠理解◇I can't understand what all the fuss is about.我不明白為什麼這樣大驚小怪。➤be unable to, fail to不能夠／未能理解▸➤attempt to, hope to, seek to, strive to, try to試圖理解；希望理解；盡力理解◇Only specialists can hope to understand them.只有專家才有望理解他們。➤struggle to努力理解◇a woman struggling to understand an incomprehensible situation一位努力去理解異常複雜局勢的女性➤help (to), help sb (to)有助於／幫助某人理解▸➤begin to, start to開始理解➤come to, learn to逐步／學會理解◇We came to understand why certain things happened in certain ways.我們逐步理解了為什麼有些事情會以特定方式發生。◇She soon learnt to understand English.她很快就學會了英語。➤appear to, seem to好像／似乎理解➤claim to聲稱理解◇I don't claim to understand it.我不敢說懂這個。➤be easy to, be simple to容易理解；好理解▸➤be difficult to, be hard to難理解◇It is difficult to understand why he reacted in that way.很難理解他為什麼會有那樣的反應。PREPOSITION➤about瞭解⋯◇We understand little about this disease.對於這種病，我們知之甚少。➤as理解為⋯◇These beliefs are best understood as a form of escapism.對這些信仰的最恰當解讀是將其理解為一種對現實的逃避。PHRASES➤be commonly understood, be generally understood, be popularly understood通常被理解為◇What is generally understood by 'democracy'?對“民主”的一般理解是什麼？➤be imperfectly understood, be incompletely understood, be poorly understood對⋯瞭解不夠；對⋯不清楚◇The effects of these chemicals on the body are still poorly understood.這些化學品對身體的影響還不太清楚。➤be universally understood, be widely understood被普遍／廣泛瞭解
TOEFL BNC: 391 COCA: 320
understand verb
⇨ understand 1 (understand French/how sth works) ⇨ understand 2 (understand how sb feels) ⇨ agree 3 (I thought it was understood that I would be paid.) ⇨ conclude (Am I to understand that you refuse?)understand1

verb

 understand French/how sth works 懂法語；知道某事物如何運行understand how sb feels 了解某人的感覺understand ♦︎ see ♦︎ get ♦︎ follow ♦︎ grasp ♦︎ comprehend ♦︎ catch on ♦︎ take sth inThese words all mean to know or realize sth, for example why sth happens, how sth works or what sth means. 這些詞均表示懂得、理解、明白。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to understand / see / get / follow / grasp / comprehend / catch on to / take in what / why / how...◆to understand / see / grasp / comprehend / take in that...◆to understand / get / grasp / take in the meaning (of sth)◆to understand / see / get / grasp the point / idea (of sth)◆to understand / grasp a concept / principle◆to understand / follow the instructions◆can / can't understand / see / follow / grasp / comprehend / take in sth◆to try to understand / see / follow / grasp / comprehend / take in sth◆to begin to understand / see / grasp / comprehend / take in sth◆to be easy / difficult / hard to understand / see / follow / grasp / comprehend / take in◆to easily understand / see / grasp / comprehend◆to (not) quite understand / see / get / follow / grasp sth◆to fully understand / see / grasp / comprehend / take in sth■ understand (understood, understood) [transitive, intransitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用於進行時) to know or realize the meaning of words, a language, what sb says, etc.; to know or realize how or why sth happens, how it works or why it is important 懂，理解，領會（詞義、語言、話語等）；了解，明白（事情如何或爲何發生、如何起作用或爲何重要等）◆Do you understand French?你懂法語嗎？◆He couldn't understand what she was saying.他弄不懂她在說些什麽。◆Doctors still don't understand much about the disease.醫生對這種疾病還不太了解。◆The disease is still not fully understood.對這種疾病的了解還不充分。◆I could never understand why she was fired.我怎麽也不明白她爲何被解僱。◆I just don't understand!我就是想不通！◆I don't want you doing that again. Do you understand?我不許你再那樣做，聽明白了嗎？OPP misunderstand ⇨ misunderstand ■ see (saw, seen) [intransitive, transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用於進行時) (especially spoken) to understand what is happening, what sb is saying, how sth works or how important sth is 理解，明白，領會（正在發生的事、某人的話、某事物如何起作用或有多重要）◆'It opens like this.' 'Oh, I see.'“這樣就打開了。”“哦，我明白了。”◆You see, she only heard about the plan yesterday.要知道，她昨天才得知這個計劃。◆I don't think she saw the point of the story.我覺得她沒有領會故事的中心意思。◆Oh yes, I see what you mean.噢，我明白你的意思了。◆Can't you see that he's taking advantage of you?他在利用你，難道你看不出來？■ get [transitive] (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten) [no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用於進行時) (informal, especially spoken) to understand a joke, what sb is trying to tell you, or a situation that they are trying to describe 理解，明白（笑話、某人試圖告知的事或描述的情況）◆She didn't get the joke.她沒聽懂那笑話。◆I don't get you.我不懂你的意思。◆I don't get it－why would she do a thing like that?我不明白，她怎麽會幹那種事？◆I get the message－you don't want me to come.我懂你的意思了，你是不希望我來。■ follow [intransitive, transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用於進行時) to understand an explanation, a story or the meaning of sth 理解，明白（說明、故事或意思）◆Sorry－I don't quite follow.對不起，我不太明白。◆I don't follow you.我聽不懂你的話。◆The plot is almost impossible to follow.故事情節幾乎叫人不明所以。■ grasp grɑːsp; NAmE græsp [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用於進行時) to come to understand a fact, an idea or how to do sth 認識到，理解，領會（事實、想法或如何做某事）◆They failed to grasp the importance of his words.他們沒能理解他的話的重要性。◆She was unable to grasp how to do it.她沒弄明白這事該怎麽做。NOTE 辨析 Understand or grasp?You can use understand or grasp for the action of realizing the meaning or importance of sth for the first time. 第一次意識到某事的意義或重要性可用understand或grasp◆It's a difficult concept for children to understand / grasp.對孩子來說，這是個很難理解的概念。For the state of knowing the meaning or importance of sth, use understand or have grasped. 表示對某事的意義或重要性已有所認識可用understand或have grasped◆By this time, engineers understood / had grasped the basic principles of aerodynamics.那時候，工程師已經掌握了空氣動力學的基本原理。◆By this time, engineers grasped the basic principles... Only understand can be used to talk about languages, words or writing. 只有understand可指理解語言、詞義或文章等◆I don't grasp French/the instructions. ■ comprehend ˌkɒmprɪˈhend; NAmE ˌkɑːmprɪˈhend [transitive, intransitive] (not used in the progressive tenses; often used in negative statements 不用於進行時，常用於否定陳述) (formal) to understand a fact, idea or reason 理解，領悟，明白（事實、想法或原因）◆The concept of infinity is almost impossible for the human mind to comprehend.“無窮”這個概念幾乎是人類的大腦無法理解的。◆He stood staring at the body, unable to comprehend.他站在那裏，盯着那具屍體，弄不明白是怎麽回事。■ ˌcatch ˈon

phrasal verb

(caught, caught) (not used in the progressive tenses 不用於進行時) (informal, especially spoken) to come to understand a situation 弄明白；搞清楚◆She still didn't catch on, even after all those hints.給了那麽多暗示，她竟然還是沒弄懂。◆He finally caught on to what was going on.他終於明白了正在發生的事。■ ˌtake sth ˈin

phrasal verb

(took, taken) (often used in negative statements 常用於否定陳述) to understand and remember sth that you hear or read 理解並記住（聽到或讀到的東西）◆I realized I was reading without taking anything in.我意識到我什麽都沒讀懂。understand2

verb

 understand French/how sth works 懂法語；知道某事物如何運行understand how sb feels 了解某人的感覺understand ♦︎ relate to sb/sth ♦︎ identify with sb/sth ♦︎ empathizeThese words all mean to know, realize or share what sb else feels or experiences. 這些詞均表示了解、諒解、同情。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to try to understand / relate to / identify with / empathize (with) (sb / sth)◆to be able / unable to understand / relate to / identify with / empathize (with) (sb / sth)◆I, you, he, etc. can / could understand / relate to / identify with / empathize with sb / sth◆It's easy / difficult / hard to understand / relate to / identify with / empathize (with) (sb / sth)◆to really / totally understand / relate to / identify with / empathize (with) (sb / sth)◆to easily understand / relate to / identify with (sb / sth)■ understand (understood, understood) [transitive, intransitive] to know sb's character, how they feel and why they behave in the way they do 了解；諒解；體諒◆Nobody understands me.沒有人了解我。◆He doesn't understand women at all.他根本就不了解女性。◆They understand what I have been through.他們對我的遭遇很同情。◆If you want to leave early, I'm sure he'll understand.如果你想早點離開，我相信他會體諒的。  see also understanding ⇨ sensitive 1 ■ reˈlate to sb/sth

phrasal verb

to be able to understand and have sympathy with sb/sth 理解並同情；認同；體恤◆Many adults can't relate to children.許多成年人並不了解兒童的想法。◆Our product needs an image that people can relate to.我們的産品需要一個大衆能認同的形象。■ iˈdentify with sb/sth

phrasal verb

to feel that you can understand and share the feelings of sb else, especially because you feel that you are similar to them or are in a similar situation 與⋯産生共鳴；感同身受◆I didn't enjoy the book because I couldn't identify with any of the main characters.我不喜歡這本書，因爲我無法與其中的任何主要角色産生共鳴。NOTE 辨析 Relate to sb/sth or identify with sb/sth? Relate to sb/sth is often used to talk about personal relationships. It can describe how successful a relationship is, for example between teacher and student, parent and child, boss and employee, etc. * relate to sb/sth常用來談論人際關系，可形容某種關系是多麽融洽，如師生間、親子間、老板與僱員間的關系等◆He's a successful and popular teacher because he really relates to the children.他是個成功且受歡迎的教師，因爲他確實了解孩子們的想法。If you identify with sb, you feel that you are similar to them in some way or that you have shared the same experiences. It often describes people's positive feelings towards characters in a book or film or famous people such as writers or actors. * identify with sb表示你覺得自己在某種程度上與某人相似或者有相同的經歷，常用以描述人們對書或電影中的人物或作家、演員之類的名人所懷有的正面感情◆Which character do you identify with most, the father or his son?你和裏面哪個人物最能産生共鳴，父親還是兒子？ ■ empathize (BrE also empathise) ˈempəθaɪz [intransitive] to understand another person's feelings and experiences, especially because you can imagine yourself in a similar situation 有同感；産生共鳴◆A glamorous 20-year-old stylist is unlikely to empathize with a working mother of three.一個光鮮的20歲發型師是不可能跟一名有三個孩子的在職母親産生共鳴的。   see also empathy ⇨ bond , sympathize ⇨ sorry for sb
TOEFL BNC: 391 COCA: 320

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