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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 509 COCA: 534
project verb
⇨ predictproject noun
⇨ project (a project to computerize the library) ⇨ assignment (a school project) ⇨ estate (a housing project) project

noun

  ➡ See also the entry for process 另见process条project ♦︎ activity ♦︎ operation ♦︎ venture ♦︎ exercise ♦︎ enterprise ♦︎ pursuit ♦︎ undertaking ♦︎ occupationThese are all words for sth that you give your time and energy to, especially in order to achieve a particular aim. 这些词均表示为达到某一目的的活动、项目等。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a major / successful / joint project / activity / operation / venture / exercise / enterprise / undertaking◆a big / difficult project / operation / exercise / enterprise / undertaking◆an ambitious project / operation / venture / exercise / enterprise / undertaking◆an expensive project / activity / operation / venture / exercise / undertaking◆a profitable activity / venture / exercise / enterprise◆a worthwhile project / activity / venture / exercise / pursuit / undertaking / occupation◆a dangerous activity / operation / exercise / enterprise / undertaking◆a risky project / activity / operation / venture / enterprise / undertaking◆a / an business / commercial / industrial project / activity / operation / venture / enterprise / undertaking◆to set up / run / support a project / an activity / an operation / a venture / an enterprise◆to launch a project / an operation / a venture / an enterprise◆to carry out / supervise a project / an activity / an operation / an exercise◆to be involved in a project / an activity / an operation / a venture / an exercise / an enterprise◆a project / a venture / an enterprise fails / succeeds■ project [countable] a planned piece of work that is designed to find information about sth, to produce sth new or to improve sth 生产（或研究等）项目；方案；工程◆He's working on a research project in the department of social sciences.他正在社会科学系做一个研究项目。◆We want to set up a project to computerize the library system.我们想开展一个图书馆系统电脑化的项目。■ activity [countable] something that you do for interest or pleasure, or in order to achieve a particular aim （为兴趣、娱乐或达到一定目的而进行的）活动◆The club provides a wide variety of activities including tennis, swimming and squash.这家俱乐部的活动丰富多彩，有网球、游泳和壁球。◆The book contains plenty of ideas for classroom activities.书中有很多组织课堂活动的点子。■ operation [countable] (rather formal) an organized activity that involves several people doing different things （有组织的）活动，行动◆A major rescue operation was launched after two divers were reported missing.接到两名潜水者失踪的报警后便组织了一次大规模的搜救行动。◆ (BrE) It was a tricky operation to get all the barrels safely down on to the road.把所有的木桶都完好无损地搬到公路上，这个工作很棘手。■ venture ˈventʃə(r) [countable] a business project, especially one that involves taking risks （尤指有风险的）经营项目，投资项目◆The project is a joint venture between the public and private sectors.这是个包含公有和私有成分的合资项目。■ exercise [countable] an activity that is designed to achieve a particular result （为达到某一结果的）活动◆Staying calm was an exercise in self-control.保持镇静是一种自我控制活动。◆In the end it proved a pointless exercise.最终证明那是一项毫无意义的活动。◆As a public relations exercise the festival was clearly a success.作为一个公关活动，这次的文艺节显然很成功。ⓘ In this meaning exercise is often used to talk about controlling or finding out what people think of an organization or person; collocates include marketing, publicity, public relations, propaganda, damage limitation, consultation, evaluation and research. 表达此义时，exercise常指左右或调查人们对某组织或某人的看法的活动，搭配词有marketing、publicity、public relations、propaganda、damage limitation、consultation、evaluation和research。■ enterprise ˈentəpraɪz; NAmE ˈentərpraɪz [countable] a large project, especially one that is difficult （尤指艰巨的）规划，事业◆The music festival is a new enterprise which we hope will become an annual event.这个音乐节是个新规划，我们希望能每年举办一次。■ pursuit pəˈsjuːt; NAmE pərˈsuːt [countable, usually plural] (rather formal) something that you do for interest or pleasure, especially when you are not working （尤指工作之余的）消遣，爱好◆She has time now to follow her various artistic pursuits.她现在有时间从事她的各种艺术爱好了。■ undertaking ˌʌndəˈteɪkɪŋ; NAmE ˌʌndərˈteɪkɪŋ [countable] (rather formal) a task or project, especially one that is important and/or difficult （尤指重大或艰巨的）任务，项目，事业◆He is interested in buying the club as a commercial undertaking.他有意买下这个俱乐部作商业投资。◆In those days, the trip across country was a dangerous undertaking.那时候，越野旅行是件危险的事。   see also undertake ⇨ do 1 NOTE 辨析 Enterprise or undertaking? Undertaking gives the impression that the task in question is difficult or complicated. Typical collocates are major, large and massive. Enterprise is also used to talk about a large or important project, but it also gives the impression that the aim of the task is to produce sth new or different. * undertaking一词给人的印象是任务艰巨或复杂，常与major、large和massive搭配。enterprise也指大型或重要的项目，但同时给人的印象是工作的目的是做出新颖或与众不同的东西。■ occupation [countable] (rather formal) something that you do for interest or pleasure, especially when you are not working （尤指工作之余的）消遣，爱好◆Her main occupation seems to be shopping.逛商店购物似乎是她的主要消遣。NOTE 辨析 Activity, pursuit or occupation? Activity is the most general of these words, with a wide range of collocates relating to business, government and the military, education and sport and leisure. * activity在三个词中含义最宽泛，与之搭配的词涉及商务、政府、军队、教育、体育与休闲◆business / commerical / trading / training activities商务／商业／贸易／培训活动◆government / economic / political / military / guerrilla / terrorist activities政府／经济／政治／军事／游击队／恐怖主义活动◆classroom / cultural / extra-curricular / educational / learning activities课堂／文化／课外／教育／学习活动◆leisure / outdoor / recreational / social / sporting activities业余／户外／娱乐／社会／体育活动 Occupation, in this meaning, is often used with favourite, and is used to talk about gentle activities that people enjoy doing to pass the time such as knitting, watching the sun set, walking in the countryside, sitting on a bench watching people or going to a gallery. Pursuit is often used in writing, and is used to talk about more structured sporting, cultural or intellectual activities. 表达此义时，occupation常与favourite连用，指人们喜欢的、可以消磨时光的、运动量小的活动，如编织、看日落、在乡间漫步、坐在长椅上看人、去美术馆等。pursuit常用于书面语，指较为严谨的体育、文化或智力活动。

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