ADJECTIVE | VERB + STRUCTURE | STRUCTURE + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASESADJECTIVE➤basic, simple基本/簡單結構▸➤complex, elaborate複雜的/精密的結構▸➤coherent, logical條理清楚的/合乎邏輯的結構▸➤rigid, stable堅固的/穩定的結構▸➤flimsy易損的結構◇The flimsy structure of the vehicle could not withstand even mild impacts.這輛車結構粗劣,連輕微的碰撞也經受不起。➤formal形式結構▸➤internal, underlying內部/底層結構➤overall總體結構◇The overall structure of the book is divided into three components.這本書的總體結構分為 3 部份。➤solid, three-dimensional立體/三維結構➤concrete, steel, wooden, etc.混凝土結構、鋼結構、木結構等▸➤anatomical, body, bone, skeletal, skeleton解剖結構;人體結構;骨骼結構▸➤atomic, cell, cellular, chemical, genetic, molecular原子結構;細胞結構;化學結構;基因結構;分子結構▸➤grammatical, language, linguistic, sentence, syntactic語法結構;語言結構;句子結構;句法結構➤narrative敍事結構▸➤administrative, bureaucratic, command, committee, control, corporate, governance, hierarchical, institutional, management, organizational, power, etc.行政架構、官僚體系、指揮框架、委員會架構、控制體系、公司結構、治理體系、等級體系、機構體系、管理結構、組織結構、權力結構等◇the US military command structure美國軍事指揮結構➤economic, financial, political, social, etc.經濟、金融、政治、社會等結構◇the social structure of the town該鎮的社會結構➤democratic, federal, etc.民主、聯邦等結構▸➤class階級結構▸➤family, household家庭結構➤traditional傳統結構◇policies that undermine the traditional family structure危害傳統家庭結構的政策➤pay, price, salary, tax, wage工資體系;價格體系;稅收結構▸➤career職業體系VERB + STRUCTURE➤have有⋯結構▸➤lack缺乏⋯結構◇The job lacked a basic career structure.這一工作缺乏基本的職業發展體系。➤need需要⋯結構▸➤be based on以⋯結構為基礎▸➤build, create, develop, devise, establish創建/創立/發展/設計/建立⋯結構◇to devise a new management structure設計一種新的管理結構➤form形成⋯結構◇The cells are stacked up to form a honeycomb structure.細胞堆叠形成蜂窩狀結構。➤impose強加⋯結構➤alter, change改變結構STRUCTURE + VERB➤be based on sth結構以⋯為基礎PREPOSITION➤of a...structure構造⋯◇The cell walls of plants are of a rigid structure.植物的細胞壁構造堅實。➤in a/the structure在結構上◇There are weaknesses in the structure of the organization.該組織結構上有一些缺陷。PHRASES➤a change in the structure, a change to the structure結構變化◇significant changes in the power structure權力結構的重大變化➤a lack of structure缺乏條理◇The novel suffers from a lack of structure.這部小說缺乏條理。structure
verb
ADVERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASESADVERB➤beautifully, carefully, clearly, properly, well出色地/仔細地/清晰地/恰當地/巧妙地組織◇She had structured her arguments very carefully.她的論據組織得很周密。➤badly安排得糟糕▸➤loosely鬆散地組織◇a loosely structured organization結構鬆散的組織➤rigidly, tightly嚴格地/緊密地組織◇a tightly structured drama編排緊湊的劇本➤differently, similarly安排得不同/相似▸➤formally, hierarchically, logically按形式/按等級/有邏輯地組織PREPOSITION➤according to按照⋯組織◇The organization is structured according to business principles.該機構是按照商業原則組織起來的。➤around圍繞⋯組織◇The teaching is structured around three topics.教學圍繞 3 個話題組織展開。➤as使形成⋯體系◇The nation was structured as a federation of states.整個國家形成了州聯邦的體系。➤by由⋯建立起來◇Relations between women and men are structured by gender.男女之間的關係是建立在性別差異基礎上的。➤into組織成為⋯◇The company is structured into two divisions.公司由兩個部門組成。PHRASES➤highly structured結構嚴謹◇a complex but highly structured procedure複雜但自成體系的程序
structure noun ⇨structure (the structure of a building/society)⇨building (a wooden structure)⇨efficiency (Children need structure in their lives.)structure
noun
➡ See also the entry for system另见system条structure ♦︎ framework ♦︎ form ♦︎ composition ♦︎ construction ♦︎ fabric ♦︎ make-upThese are all words for the way the different parts of sth combine together or the way that sth has been made.这些词均表示结构、构造、构成。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the basic structure / framework / form / composition / construction / fabric of sth◆a simple / complex / coherent / rigid / flexible structure / framework / form◆the economic / political / social structure / framework / composition / fabric / make-up of sth◆the chemical / genetic structure / composition / make-up of sth◆to create / devise / establish / provide a structure / framework for sth■structure [countable] the way in which the parts of sth are connected together, arranged or organized, especially when there are a number of different levels(尤指包含不同层次的)结构,构造◆the structure of the building / human body建筑物的结构;人体构造◆a career / salary / tax structure职业/工资/税收结构◆the grammatical structures of a language一种语言的语法结构◆Students study the structure of human societies throughout history.学生们研究贯穿整个历史的人类社会结构。 see also structure ⇨ efficiency■frameworkˈfreɪmwɜːk; NAmEˈfreɪmwɜːrk [countable] a set of beliefs, ideas or rules that forms the basis of a system or society(构成体系或社会的基础的)信仰,观点,准则◆They established a basic framework of ground rules for discussions.他们针对讨论制订了基本准则。◆The report provides a framework for further research.该报告提供了进一步研究的原则。■form [uncountable] the arrangement of parts in a whole, especially in a work of art or piece of writing(尤指艺术作品或文章的)结构,形式◆The photographer always said that shape and form were more important to him than colour.那位摄影师总是说,在他看来外形和结构比颜色更重要。◆The form of the poem is of great significance.这首诗的结构很有意味。■compositionˌkɒmpəˈzɪʃn; NAmEˌkɑːmpəˈzɪʃn [countable] (ratherformal) the different parts or people that combine to form sth; the way in which they combine成分;构成;组合方式◆recent changes in the composition of the workforce劳动人口构成的最新变化◆The two drugs are nearly identical in composition.这两种药品的成分几乎一样。 see also be composed of sb/sth ⇨ consist of sb/sth■construction [uncountable] the way that sth has been built or made建造方式;构造方式◆ships of steel construction钢结构的轮船◆The earliest Greek temples were small buildings, simple in construction.最早的希腊神殿是一些结构简单的小建筑物。 see also construction ⇨ production, construct ⇨ build■fabric [singular] (ratherformal) the basic structure of a society or organization that enables it to function successfully(社会或组织的)基本结构◆This is a worrying trend which threatens the very fabric of society.这是一个令人担忧的趋势,它威胁着社会的基本结构。■ˈmake-up [singular] (ratherinformal, especiallyspokenorjournalism新闻) the different people or things that combine to form sth; the way in which they combine组成成分;构成方式◆the genetic make-up of plants and animals植物和动物的基因构成方式◆Ireland did show up a number of flaws in the England team's make-up.爱尔兰队的确暴露出了英格兰队人员组成方面的一些缺点。 see also make up sth ⇨ consist of sb/sthNOTE辨析 Composition or make-up?Composition is used more in scientific and technical contexts; make-up is used more in speech and journalism. * composition较多用于科技语境,make-up较多用于口语和新闻语言。