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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 3931 COCA: 3471
harsh
hɑːʳʃ hɑrʃ
Word forms: comparative harsher, superlative harshest
1 ADJ-GRADED (气候或条件)艰苦的,恶劣的,严峻的 Harsh climates or conditions are very difficult for people, animals, and plants to live in. (气候或条件)艰苦的,恶劣的,严峻的
  • The weather grew harsh, chilly and unpredictable.

    天气变得恶劣、寒冷且变化莫测。

  • ...the harsh desert environment.

    恶劣的沙漠环境

  • ...after the harsh experience of the war.

    经历了严酷的战争之后

harshness
  • ...the harshness of their living conditions.

    他们艰苦的生活条件

2 ADJ-GRADED (言行)严厉的,无情的 Harsh actions or speech are unkind and show no understanding or sympathy. (言行)严厉的,无情的
  • ...the cold, harsh cruelty of her husband.

    她丈夫冷酷无情的残忍

  • He said many harsh and unkind things about his opponents.

    他以尖刻恶毒的语言大肆抨击自己的对手。

harshly
  • She's been told that her husband is being harshly treated in prison.

    她被告知自己的丈夫正在监狱里遭受虐待。

  • 'Why didn't you tell me before?' asked Hunter harshly.

    你为什么不早告诉我?亨特厉声问道。

harshness
  • ...treating him with great harshness.

    非常严厉地对待他

3 ADJ-GRADED 粗陋的;刺目的;粗糙的 Something that is harsh is so hard, bright, or rough that it seems unpleasant or harmful. 粗陋的;刺目的;粗糙的
  • Tropical colours may look rather harsh in our dull northern light.

    热带色彩在我们北方暗淡的光线下可能显得有点刺目。

  • ...harsher detergents that can leave hair brittle.

    会让发质变脆弱的刺激性较强的洗发水

harshness
  • ...as the wine ages, losing its bitter harshness.

    酒越放越醇

4 ADJ-GRADED (声音)刺耳的,难听的 Harsh voices and sounds are ones that are rough and unpleasant to listen to. (声音)刺耳的,难听的
  • It's a pity she has such a loud harsh voice.

    可惜她的嗓门太大太难听了。

SYN raucous, rough, jarring, grating
harshly
  • Chris laughed harshly.

    克里斯笑得很刺耳。

harshness
  • Then in a tone of abrupt harshness, he added, 'Open these trunks!'.

    然后他又突然厉声说道,把这些大箱子打开!

5 ADJ-GRADED (现实、真相)残酷的,无情的 If you talk about harsh realities or facts, or the harsh truth, you are emphasizing that they are true or real, although they are unpleasant and people try to avoid thinking about them. (现实、真相)残酷的,无情的 [emphasis]
  • The harsh truth is that luck plays a big part in who will live or die.

    残酷的事实是,谁死谁活在很大程度上要靠运气。

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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 3931 COCA: 3471
harsh

adjective

VERBS | ADVERB VERBSappear, be, prove, seem, sound顯得嚴厲;嚴厲;證實苛刻;好像殘酷;聽起來無情It may seem harsh to criticize him after his death.在他死後還批評他似乎太無情了。become變得嚴厲ADVERBextremely, fairly, very, etc.極為/頗為/非常苛刻exceptionally, particularly格外嚴厲;特別嚴酷increasingly越來越嚴酷a little, slightly, etc.有點兒/略微有些嚴厲overly, unduly, unnecessarily過分苛刻;過分嚴厲He accused her of being unduly harsh.他指責她太過苛刻。surprisingly出奇地嚴苛
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 3931 COCA: 3471
harsh adj.
harsh (a harsh winter) hoarse (a harsh voice) strict (harsh criticism) strong3 (harsh bright colours)
harsh

adjective

harsh ♦︎ severe ♦︎ hard ♦︎ bleakThese words all describe weather conditions which are not pleasant or are difficult to live in. 这些词均表示天气恶劣的、严酷的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配a harsh / severe / hard / bleak winterharsh / severe weather / conditionsa harsh / severe climatea severe / hard frost harsh (of weather or living conditions) very difficult and unpleasant to live in (天气或生活条件)恶劣的,艰苦的These plants will not grow in this harsh climate.这些植物不能在这样恶劣的气候条件下生长。He stood outside, blinking in the harsh sunlight.他站在外面,在刺眼的阳光下直眨眼睛。Life expectancy is extremely low due to the harsh conditions.因条件恶劣预期寿命极短。OPP mild sunny severe (of weather) very unpleasant and/or dangerous (天气)极为恶劣的,危险的Severe weather conditions can lead to an increase in the demand for electricity.恶劣的天气状况可能导致用电需求增加。A severe storm blew the ship off course.强风暴致使船偏离了航道。 hard [usually before noun](of weather) very cold and severe (天气)严寒的,凛冽的There was a hard frost that night.那天晚上寒冷有霜。 bleak bliːk (of weather) very cold and unpleasant (天气)阴冷的She left on a bleak November day.她在11月份一个阴冷的日子离开了。NOTE 辨析 Which word? Harsh weather or conditions make living physically difficult; harsh is used especially when these conditions exist all the time in a place or last for a long time. Severe weather may last only a short time, but can cause immediate danger, not just difficulty over a longer period. Hard typically describes a winter (= harsh) or a frost (= making the ground very hard). Bleak describes a time, such as a day or a winter, that makes you feel depressed, whether or not life is physically difficult. * harsh修饰天气或状况时指生活条件艰苦,尤指某地终年或长期生活条件恶劣;severe修饰天气时,不仅指由于天气长期恶劣而不便,也指会在短时间内造成直接危害;hard常描述winter,指严冬,或描述frost,指霜冻。bleak与day或winter等表示一段时期的词搭配,指使人感到情绪低落,与生活条件艰苦与否无关。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 3931 COCA: 3471
harsh
Not pleasant and enjoyable: unpleasant, bad, awful...
Words used to describe unpleasant weather: severe, harsh, threatening...
Cruel and unkind: cruel, unkind, evil...
Unfair: unfair, unjust, unequal...
Bright and shiny: bright, shiny, brilliant...
True, definite and based on facts: true, certain, objective...
Words used to describe properties of substances: absorbent, astringent, harsh...

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