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TOEFL BNC: 2743 COCA: 2865
proof
pruːf pruf
Word forms: plural proofs
1 N-VAR [NOUN that] 证据；证物；证言 Proof is a fact, argument, or piece of evidence which shows that something is definitely true or definitely exists. 证据；证物；证言

  • You have to have proof of residence in the state of Texas, such as a Texas ID card. [+ of]

    你必须有在得克萨斯州的居住证明，比如得克萨斯身份证。

  • This is not necessarily proof that he is wrong.

    这不一定就证明他是错的。

  • Economists have been concerned with establishing proofs for their arguments.

    经济学家一直致力于为他们的观点寻找证据。

SYN evidence, demonstration, testimony, confirmation
2 N-COUNT [usually plural] 校样；样张；初印稿 In publishing, the proofs of a book, magazine, or article are a first copy of it that is printed so that mistakes can be corrected before more copies are printed and published. 校样；样张；初印稿

  • I'm correcting the proofs of the Spanish edition right now. [+ of]

    我正在校正西班牙语版本的校样。

SYN trial print, pull, slip, galley
Proof is also an adjective.

  • ...an uncorrected proof copy of the book.

    该书未校正的校样

3 ADJ 标准酒精度 Proof is used after a number of degrees or a percentage, when indicating the strength of a strong alcoholic drink such as whisky. 标准酒精度

  • ...a glass of Wild Turkey bourbon: 101 degrees proof.

    一杯威特基波旁威士忌：酒精度为101°

4 ADJ [v-link ADJ against n] 不能穿透的；耐…的；能防…的 If something or someone is proof against a particular thing, they cannot be damaged, harmed, or affected by it. 不能穿透的；耐…的；能防…的 [written]

  • The fortress was proof against the techniques of attack then in use.

    该防御工事能抵御当时所使用的各种进攻手段。

  • His papers were proof against all but the most expert of scrutinies.

    他的论文几乎可以经受住最专业的审查。

SYN impervious, strong, tight, resistant
5 PHRASE [usually verb-link PHRASE, oft PHR that, PHR of n] 典型的例证；活生生的例子 If you say that someone is living proof of something, you mean that their actions or personal qualities show that a particular fact is true or that a particular quality exists. 典型的例证；活生生的例子

  • He is living proof that some players just get better with age.

    有些运动员年纪越大状态越好，他就是个活生生的例子。

6 PHRASE [usually verb-link PHRASE, oft PHR that, PHR of n] 正面例子 To be proof positive of a particular fact or quality means to be evidence that it is true or that it exists. 正面例子 [formal]

  • The Windermere Golf Club is proof positive that golf and ecology can co-exist in perfect harmony.

    温德米尔高尔夫俱乐部证明了高尔夫和生态能完全和谐共存。

7 burden of proof→see: burden  the proof of the pudding is in the eating→see: pudding 
Word Partnership
Word PartnershipUse proof with:
ADJ.

convincing proof, final proof, living proof, proof positive 1

VERB.

have proof, need proof, offer proof, provide proof, require proof, show proof 1

Trends of proof
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See also: -proof

TOEFL BNC: 2743 COCA: 2865
proof

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + PROOF | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤clear, convincing, direct, good, positive, real清楚的／令人信服的／直接的／有力的／明確的／確鑿的證據◇Do you have positive proof that she took the money?你有確鑿證據證明她拿了那些錢嗎？◇I have no real proof that he was in the country at the time.我沒有可靠的證據證明當時他在該國。➤concrete, empirical, solid, tangible具體的／經驗的／確鑿的／實物證據➤absolute, conclusive, definitive, incontrovertible, irrefutable絕對的／結論性的／決定性的／無可辯駁的／不容置疑的證據▸➤ample, sufficient充足的證據▸➤further進一步的證據▸➤final, ultimate最終的證據◇The photo was final proof of her husband's infidelity.這張照片最終證明了她丈夫的不忠。➤documentary, written書面證據➤photographic詳細準確的證據▸➤legal法律證據▸➤scientific科學證據➤formal, mathematical正式的／嚴密的證據▸➤living活生生的證明◇I am living proof that the treatment works.我是這一治療有效的活生生的證明。VERB + PROOF➤be, constitute是證據；構成證據▸➤have有證據▸➤give sb, offer (sb), present (sb with), produce, provide (sb with), show (sb)（向某人）提供證據；出示證明▸➤find, get, obtain, see找到／得到／獲得／看到證據▸➤need, require需要證據➤demand, want要求／想要證據PREPOSITION➤without proof沒有證據◇He is unlikely to make wild accusations without proof.沒有證據他不可能胡亂指控。➤proof of⋯的證據◇Her account gives us no concrete proof of his guilt.她的敍述並不能成為證明他有罪的確鑿證據。PHRASES➤the burden of proof, the onus of proof舉證責任◇The burden of proof lies on us to prove negligence.證明對方犯有疏忽罪的舉證責任落在我們身上。➤a lack of proof缺乏證據◇The men were acquitted for lack of proof.因為證據不足，這些人被宣告無罪。➤proof of identity, proof of purchase身分證明；購買憑證◇Proof of purchase must be provided before a refund can be made.退款前必須提供購買憑證。➤a standard of proof (law法律) 舉證標準◇Civil proceedings require a lower standard of proof than criminal cases.民事訴訟比刑事案件的舉證標準低。
TOEFL BNC: 2743 COCA: 2865
proof noun
⇨ evidence
TOEFL BNC: 2743 COCA: 2865
proof
Proof and evidence: evidence, sign, suggestion...
Relating to or associated with drinking alcohol: AA, abuse, Al-Anon...
Relating to writing and editing: authorial, authorship, censorship...
Safe and harmless: safe, harmless, secure...
To protect or defend someone or something: protect, defend, save...
Editing, adapting and proofreading: abridge, adapt, append...

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