5N-PLURAL 残余部分;残存部分The ruins of something are the parts of it that remain after it has been severely damaged or weakened. 残余部分;残存部分
The new Turkish republic he helped to build emerged from the ruins of a great empire. [+ of]
他帮助建立起的新土耳其共和国是从一个伟大帝国的废墟上发展起来的。
He stood very still, staring in at the ruins of his work.
他站在那里一动也不动,呆呆地看着他残余的作品。
6N-COUNT [usually plural]废墟;遗迹;断壁残垣The ruins of a building are the parts of it that remain after the rest has fallen down or been destroyed. 废墟;遗迹;断壁残垣
One dead child was found in the ruins almost two hours after the explosion.
爆炸发生将近两个小时以后,在废墟中发现了一个已经死亡的小孩。
There's only the mountain in this direction, and higher up an old ruin, an abandoned castle.
1spoiled state毀壞ADJECTIVE | VERB + RUIN | PHRASESADJECTIVE➤complete, utter完全的損毀;徹底的破敗VERB + RUIN➤fall into, go to毀壞傾圮;破敗不堪◇The house gradually fell into ruin.這棟房子漸漸破敗不堪。PHRASES➤be the ruin of sb/sth是⋯毀滅的根源◇Drinking has been the ruin of her.酗酒毀了她。➤go to rack and ruin (especially BrE) 走向毀滅◇They've let the house go to rack and ruin.他們任由房子破敗。ruin
noun²
2end of success, hopes, etc.不再成功;希望破滅ADJECTIVE | VERB + RUIN | PHRASESADJECTIVE➤economic, financial經濟毀滅;財政破產VERB + RUIN➤face面臨破產◇The company faces ruin over the new road plans.這家公司因新的道路計劃而面臨破產。➤bring, lead to, mean, spell導致完全喪失;意味着破產;招致重大損失◇The cost would have meant financial ruin for us.這項開支對我們來說就意味着傾家蕩產。➤save from使免於破產PHRASES➤on the brink of ruin, on the verge of ruin處於毀滅的邊緣▸➤the road to ruin毀滅之途◇He's on the road to political ruin.他在政治上已經處於窮途末路了。ruin
noun³
3damaged building, town, etc.損毀的建築或城鎮ADJECTIVE | VERB + RUIN | PREPOSITIONADJECTIVE➤ancient, old古代/舊時遺跡▸➤charred, smoking, smouldering/smoldering燒焦的廢墟;冒煙的廢墟◇the charred ruins of their home他們的家園燒焦的廢墟➤crumbling坍塌的廢墟▸➤castle, temple, etc.城堡、廟宇等的廢墟VERB + RUIN➤be in ruins, lie in ruins成為廢墟◇The church now lies in ruins.教堂現在成了廢墟。➤leave sth in ruins使⋯成為廢墟◇The earthquake left the town in ruins.地震使這個城鎮化為廢墟。PREPOSITION➤ruins of⋯的遺跡◇the ancient ruins of Jericho傑里科的古代遺跡ruin
verb
ADVERB | VERB + RUINADVERB➤completely, totally完全/徹底毀滅◇The experience has completely ruined her life.這次經歷徹底毀了她的一生。➤nearly幾乎毀滅➤effectively事實上毀滅▸➤financially經濟上毀滅◇The long legal battle ruined him financially.曠日持久的官司使他傾家蕩產。VERB + RUIN➤threaten to使有毀滅的危險◇A knee injury threatened to ruin her Olympic hopes.膝傷可能使她參加奧運會的希望破滅。➤be going to將會毀壞◇All this mud is going to ruin my shoes.這些泥會毀了我的鞋。
ruin ♦︎ spoil ♦︎ mar ♦︎ wreckThese words all mean to make sth unsuccessful, unpleasant, or useless when it had been good.这些词均表示破坏、糟蹋、毁掉。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺下图显示这些词所表达破坏的程度
spoil
➔
ruin
mar
wreck
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to ruin / spoil / wreck sth for sb◆to ruin / spoil / mar / wreck sb's career◆to ruin / spoil / wreck things / everything◆to ruin / spoil / wreck sb's plans / day / evening / life / chances / hopes◆to ruin / mar / wreck sb's happiness◆to ruin / wreck sb's health / sb's marriage / the economy◆to completely / totally / almost / nearly ruin / spoil / mar / wreck sth◆to effectively ruin / spoil / wreck sth■ruin [transitive] to damage sth or have a completely negative effect on it so that it is no longer at all successful, enjoyable or useful毁坏;破坏;糟蹋◆The bad weather completely ruined our trip.坏天气把我们的旅行全毁了。◆You've ruined my whole life!你把我的生活都毁了!◆Years of drinking had ruined his health.长年饮酒毁了他的健康。◆My shoes got totally ruined in the mud.我的新鞋被泥浆给糟蹋了。◆The crop that year was ruined by drought.干旱使那年农作物严重歉收。■spoil(spoiled, spoiled; BrE alsospoilt, spoilt) [transitive] to change sth good into sth bad, unpleasant or useless破坏;糟蹋;毁掉◆Don't let him spoil your evening.别让他影响你今晚的心情。◆Why do you always have to spoil everything?为什么每样东西都要毁在你手里?◆I don't want to spoil your fun, but it's nearly time to go home.我不想扫你的兴,但是该回家了。◆I won't tell you what happens in the last chapter-I don't want to spoil it for you.我不会告诉你最后一章发生了什么-我不想破坏你的兴致。NOTE辨析 Ruin or spoil?Ruin is stronger than spoil: sth that is ruined is completely spoiled; sth that is spoiled may be ruined or just less good than it should be. * ruin的破坏程度要比spoil大,ruin指彻底毁坏。spoil有可能是彻底毁坏,也可能只是让状况较差而已。■mar(-rr-) [transitive, often passive] (ratherformal) to spoil sth good破坏;毁坏;损害◆A few violent incidents marred the celebrations.几起暴力事件把庆祝活动给搅了。◆A frown marred his handsome features.皱眉让他的容貌显得不那么英俊了。ⓘ Mar is often used to talk about the one thing that spoiled sth that was good in other ways. It is not often used in informal spoken English. * mar常指使有瑕疵,使美中不足,不常用于非正式口语◆Why do you always have to mar everything?■wreck rek [transitive] to ruin sth completely(彻底)毁灭,毁掉◆A serious injury in 2006 threatened to wreck his career.2006年的一次重伤差点儿葬送了他的前程。◆His affair wrecked our marriage.他的出轨彻底毁了我们的婚姻。ⓘ Wreck is used especially to talk about important things in people's lives. Important collocates are life, career, marriage, health and happiness. * wreck尤用于谈论人们生活中的要事。表示重要事物的搭配词有life、career、marriage、health和happiness。