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IELTS BNC: 1147 COCA: 1360
failure

noun¹

1lack of success沒有成功ADJECTIVE | VERB + FAILURE | FAILURE + NOUN | PHRASES ADJECTIVEcomplete, total徹底的/完全的失敗abject, humiliating不光彩的失敗The attempt ended in abject failure.這一嘗試以不光彩的失敗告終。inevitable不可避免的失敗costly代價慘重的失敗alleged, apparent, perceived所謂的/表面上的/領悟到的失敗relative相對的失敗initial最初的失敗Initial failure was followed by unexpected, if modest, success.最初的失敗之後是意想不到的成功,即便並不輝煌。ultimate最終的失敗War is the ultimate failure of public communication.戰爭是政府溝通最終失敗的結果。personal個人的失敗moral道德敗壞academic學業失敗economic, financial經濟/金融失敗military軍事上的失敗VERB + FAILUREbe doomed to, end in, result in注定失敗;以失敗告終;導致失敗All her efforts were doomed to failure.她付出的所有努力注定會失敗。admit, tolerate承認/容忍失敗He was too proud to admit failure.他太驕傲了,不願認輸。I will not tolerate failure .我不會容忍失敗。lament為失敗而痛惜He lamented his failure to formulate a satisfactory theory.他為自己未能創立令人滿意的理論而痛惜不已。explain解釋失敗的原因attribute, blame將失敗歸因於⋯/歸咎於⋯He attributes the failure of the project to lack of government support.他把這一項目的失敗歸因於缺乏政府的支持。I blame the failure of our relationship on my husband.我把我們關係的破裂歸咎於我的丈夫。expect預料到會失敗Children who are doing badly tend to expect failure and criticism.成績不好的孩子往往容易想到失敗和受批評。fear害怕失敗avoid避免失敗FAILURE + NOUNrate失敗率There is a high failure rate with this treatment.這種治療的失敗率很高。PHRASESfear of failure害怕失敗Fear of failure should not deter you from trying.不應該因為害怕失敗而放棄嘗試。a history of failure不成功的歷史John had a long history of academic failure.約翰學習成績差不是一天兩天了。a possibility of failure, a risk of failure失敗的可能/風險a sense of failure挫敗感
failure

noun²

2unsuccessful person/thing失敗的人或事ADJECTIVE | VERB + FAILURE | FAILURE + VERB | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVEbig, great, serious巨大的/重大的/嚴重的失敗complete, total, utter完全失敗;徹底失敗catastrophic, disastrous災難性的失敗abject, conspicuous, dismal, humiliating, lamentable, miserable不光彩的/觸目的/悲慘的/帶來恥辱的/令人惋惜的/可憐的失敗(者)costly代價巨大的失敗heroic (BrE) 有勇氣的失敗者If she could not succeed, she would at least be a heroic failure.即使不能成功,她至少也是一位有勇氣的失敗者。alleged, apparent, perceived所謂的/表面的/被視作失敗(者)relative相對的失敗(者)past過去的失敗to learn from past failures從以往的失敗中學習rare (especially BrE) 少有的失敗The movie was one of the rare failures in his career.這部電影是他職業生涯中少有的敗筆之一。unexpected意想不到的失敗personal個人的失敗collective集體的失敗moral道德的敗壞academic學習差的人economic, financial經濟/金融失敗economic failure and increasing unemployment經濟失敗與失業人口增多military軍事失敗VERB + FAILUREbe, represent失敗;意味着失敗prove證明失敗The venture proved a costly failure.此次投機最終失敗,且代價巨大。experience, have經歷/遭到失敗feel, feel like (especially NAmE) 覺得失敗;感覺是失敗者I felt (like) a complete failure.我覺得自己是一個徹底的失敗者。consider sb/sth, regard sb/sth as認為⋯是/把⋯看成失敗(者)brand sb/sth (especially BrE) 醜化⋯為失敗者Her parents had long since branded her a failure.長久以來她的父母都說她是個失敗者。FAILURE + VERBarise from sth失敗源於⋯failures arising from circumstances beyond your control無法控制的環境因素導致的失敗PREPOSITIONfailure of⋯的失敗The decision to withdraw funding represents a failure of imagination.撤資決定表明了幻想的破滅。
failure

noun³

3not doing sth未做ADJECTIVE | VERB + FAILURE ADJECTIVEfundamental根本沒做到general基本上沒做到manifest顯然沒做到consistent, constant, continued, continuing, persistent, repeated一直沒做到;經常做不到government, management政府不履行;管理上沒做到government failure to listen to the voice of the electorate政府沒有聽取選民的意見VERB + FAILUREexcuse, justify為沒能做⋯找藉口;證明沒有做到⋯有道理Nothing can excuse your failure to ask my permission.不管什麼原因都不能成為你不徵得我允許的藉口。constitute構成失敗This breach constitutes a serious failure in performance.這次背約構成嚴重違約。
failure

noun⁴

4of a machine, system, part of the body, etc.機器;系統;身體ADJECTIVE | VERB + FAILURE | FAILURE + VERB | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVEmechanical, structural, technical機械/結構/技術故障battery, brake, component, computer, engine, equipment, power, system電池的電量不足;剎車失靈;零部件失靈;計算機故障;發動機故障;設備故障;停電;系統故障hardware, software (both computing計算機) 硬件/軟件故障bank, business, commercial, company, corporate, institutional, market銀行破產;企業破產;商業衰退;公司破產;企業倒閉;機構倒閉;市場蕭條Business failures rose by 30% in 2001.2001 年破產的企業增加了 30%。heart, kidney, liver, organ心力/腎臟/肝功能/器官衰竭the commonest cause of acute liver failure引起急性肝功能衰竭最常見的原因cardiac, hepatic, renal, respiratory (all medical醫學) 心臟/肝功能/腎功能/呼吸衰竭patients with chronic renal failure患有慢性腎功能衰竭的病人crop, harvest農作物歉收;收成不好communication通訊故障intelligence, policy情報不足;政策失敗VERB + FAILUREcause, lead to, result in引起/導致/造成衰竭a rare viral infection that can lead to heart failure可引起心力衰竭的罕見病毒感染experience, suffer經受/遭受故障The aircraft seems to have experienced an engine failure.這架飛機的發動機似乎出現過故障。prevent防止故障;預防衰竭FAILURE + VERBoccur故障發生A power failure occurred between 4 and 5 p.m.下午四五點鐘之間停電了。PREPOSITIONfailure in⋯方面的故障a failure in the computer system計算機系統故障

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