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IELTS BNC: 693 COCA: 653
fire
faɪəʳ faɪr
Word forms: plural , 3rd person singular present tense fires, present participle firing, past tense , past participle fired

BURNING, HEAT, OR ENTHUSIASM 燃烧;热量;激情

SHOOTING OR ATTACKING 射击;攻击

DISMISSAL 解雇

IELTS BNC: 693 COCA: 653
fire

noun¹

1destructive flames火災ADJECTIVE | VERB + FIRE | FIRE + VERB | FIRE + NOUN | PHRASES ADJECTIVEbig, huge大火fierce, raging烈火;迅速蔓延的火serious嚴重的火災catastrophic, devastating, disastrous災難性的/毀滅性的/損失慘重的大火house, kitchen房屋/廚房失火bush, forest, wild-land (NAmE) 叢林大火;森林火災;荒地火災electrical電氣火災VERB + FIREbe on起火The house is on fire!房子着火了!catch着火A lantern was knocked over and the barn caught fire.燈籠被打翻了,隨即穀倉着了火。cause, set sth on, start引起火災;使⋯着火;點火Groups of rioters attacked and set the police headquarters on fire.成群結隊的暴徒襲擊並放火焚燒了警察總局。ignite, spark點火A missile ignited a fire that burned for three days.一枚導彈引發了大火,燒了 3 天。fan煽火Strong winds fanned the fire.狂風使火勢愈猛。add fuel to, fuel (both figurative) 火上澆油Frustrated ambitions can fuel the fire of anger and resentment.志向受挫會加劇一個人的怨怒之火。extinguish, put out撲滅火douse, smother把火澆滅/悶熄The sprinkler system came on and doused the fire.自動噴灑滅火設備啟動後把火澆滅了。fight救火He joined the crowds of men and women fighting the fire.他加入了救火的人群。contain, control控制火勢Firefighters struggled to control the fire.消防隊員奮力控制火勢。prevent預防火災be damaged by, be damaged in, be destroyed by, be destroyed in在火災中遭破壞;被大火摧毀The factory was destroyed in a fire started by arsonists.工廠被縱火犯放火燒燬了。be killed by, be killed in, die in死於火災survive在火災中幸免於難FIRE + VERBoccur火災發生break out, erupt, start火災突然發生/爆發/出現A fire broke out in the mail room.郵件處理間發生了火災。go out火熄滅blaze, burn, rage大火熊熊燃燒/燃燒/肆虐The fire burned for three days before it was finally contained.大火燒了 3 天才最終得到控制。engulf sb/sth, spread, sweep through sth大火吞噬⋯;火勢蔓延;大火席捲⋯In 1925 a disastrous fire swept through the museum.1925 年一場災難性的大火席捲了博物館。lick sth, lick at sth大火燒着某物/吞捲某物The fire licked the roof of the house.大火燒到房頂了。damage sth火災損壞某物consume sth, destroy sth, gut sth大火吞沒⋯/燒燬⋯/摧毀⋯內部The fire gutted the building, leaving just a charred shell.大火燒燬了整幢樓,只剩下一副焦殼。FIRE + NOUNsafety防火legislation related to fire safety與防火相關的法律hazard, risk火災隱患Foam-filled couches are a serious fire hazard.泡沫填料沙發是火災的一大隱患。drill, practice (BrE) 消防演習;防火演習We have regular fire drills.我們定期進行消防演習。 (see also fire alarm) brigade, department, service (BrE) 消防隊;消防部門;消防署Call the fire brigade / department!快給消防隊/消防部門打電話!crew消防人員Fire crews arrived and began to fight the flames.消防人員趕到,開始救火。chief, commissioner, marshal, officer, official消防隊長/委員會主席/局長/人員/官員station消防站engine, truck (NAmE) 消防車hydrant消防栓hose, sprinkler消防水帶/噴嘴extinguisher滅火器escape太平梯The thief got away down the fire escape.小偷順着太平梯下來逃走了。door防火門damage火災造成的損害The building suffered extensive fire damage.這座大樓在火災中遭受了大面積的損壞。code (NAmE) 防火規章fire code violations違犯防火規章的做法prevention火災預防season (especially NAmE) 火災易發季節In 2008, the fire season started with a huge fire in New Mexico.2008 年的火險季節是以新墨西哥的一場大火開始的。PHRASESbring a fire under control控制住火勢Firefighters have now managed to bring the fire under control.消防隊員現已設法控制住了火勢。set fire to sth放火燒⋯Someone had set fire to her car.有人放火燒了她的汽車。
fire

noun²

2burning fuel for cooking/heating爐火ADJECTIVE | VERB + FIRE | FIRE + VERB | PHRASES ADJECTIVEblazing, crackling, hot, roaring, warm熊熊爐火;劈啪作響的爐火;炙熱的灶火;溫熱的灶火dying, smouldering/smoldering快熄滅的/悶燃的爐火flickering搖曳的爐火little小火open露天的爐火charcoal, coal, log, oil, wood炭火;煤火;柴火;石油燃燒的火;燒木頭的火camp (usually campfire) 篝火cooking烹飪用火VERB + FIREbuild, make生火kindle, light點火Kim had managed to kindle a little fire of dry grass.金想辦法用乾草生了一小堆火。feed, poke, stir, stoke, stoke up, tend往火中加⋯;捅火;攪動火;添加燃料撥旺火;照看火She fed the fire with the branches next to her.她把身旁的樹枝添加到火裏。On cold nights we stoked up the fire to a blaze.寒夜裏我們把火添旺。put sth on往火裏添放⋯Put some more wood on the fire.往火裏多加點兒木柴。cook on, cook over生火做飯When we go on safari we like to cook on an open fire.我們遠行狩獵時,喜歡露天生火做飯。FIRE + VERBburn爐火燃燒Although it was summer a fire burned in the hearth.雖然時值夏天,火爐裏依然燒着火。roar火燒得劈啪作響A fire roaring in the hearth added warmth to the room.火爐裏的火燒得劈啪作響,給房間裏增添了暖意。kindle, light爐火點燃We had plenty of dry wood, so the fire lit easily.我們有很多乾木柴,生火很容易。die, die down爐火熄滅;爐火漸漸熄滅The fire was beginning to die down.爐火開始漸漸熄滅。burn itself out, burn out, go out爐火燃盡;爐火熄滅crackle爐火劈啪作響glow爐火發光flicker爐火搖曳smoke爐火冒煙The fire smoked instead of burning properly.爐火沒有燒起來,而是冒着煙。PHRASESthe glow from a fire, the glow of a fire火光The interior was only lit by the golden glow of the fire.裏面只有金色的爐火照明。
fire

noun³

3 (especially BrE) apparatus for heating rooms取暖裝置ADJECTIVE | VERB + FIRE | FIRE + VERB ADJECTIVEelectric, gas電暖氣;煤氣取暖裝置VERB + FIRElight, put on, switch on, turn on點燃暖氣;打開暖氣Use a match to light the gas fire.劃根火柴點燃煤氣取暖器。switch off, turn off關掉取暖器FIRE + VERBbe off, be on取暖器關了/開着Is the fire still on?取暖器還開着嗎?
fire

noun⁴

4shots from guns射擊ADJECTIVE | ... OF FIRE | VERB + FIRE | FIRE + VERB | PHRASES ADJECTIVEheavy, withering (especially NAmE) 密集的/逐漸變弱的火力anti-aircraft, covering, friendly防空火力;掩護火力;友軍炮火The commandos pushed forward under the covering fire of their artillery.突擊隊在炮兵的火力掩護下向前推進。Several soldiers were killed in friendly fire due to a mistake by allied forces.由於盟軍的失誤,幾名士兵在友軍炮火中喪生。enemy, hostile敵軍的/敵意的射擊direct, indirect直接/間接射擊incoming飛來的子彈automatic自動射擊rapid速射artillery, sniper炮火;狙擊火力cannon, machine-gun, mortar, rifle炮轟;機槍火力;迫擊炮火力;步槍火力... OF FIREburst連發射擊a burst of machine-gun fire機槍連發射擊VERB + FIREopen開火The troops opened fire on the crowd.軍隊向人群開火了。return開槍還擊She returned fire from behind the low wall.她從矮牆後面開槍回擊。exchange互相射擊cease, hold停止射擊'Cease fire!' He yelled.“停止射擊!”他大叫道。They were told to hold their fire until the enemy came closer.他們被告知等敵軍逼近點兒再開槍。be under, come under遭到射擊;受到攻擊We were under constant fire from enemy snipers.我們不斷遭遇敵軍狙擊手的射擊。The EU came under fire from the US over its biotech policy. (figurative) 歐盟在生物技術政策上受到美國的抨擊。draw吸引火力A few soldiers were sent out to draw (= attract) the enemy's fire.幾名士兵被派出去吸引敵方火力。avoid, dodge躲避/躲閃射擊FIRE + VERBrain down彈雨傾瀉而下Enemy fire continued to rain down.敵軍的火力不斷地如彈雨般傾瀉而來。hit sb/sth射擊擊中⋯PHRASESbe in the line of fire處於射程之內Unfortunately he was in the line of fire (= between the people shooting and what they were shooting at) and got shot.不幸的是他處在射程之內,結果中彈了。
fire

verb

ADVERB | VERB + FIRE | PREPOSITION ADVERBblindly, indiscriminately, randomly, wildly盲目/任意/漫無目標地/胡亂射擊She fired blindly into the mass of shadows.她對着大片陰影胡亂射擊。directly直接射擊A dense volley of missiles was fired directly at the ship.一排密集的導彈直接射向那艘輪船。rapidly快速射擊continuously, repeatedly連續/重複射擊accidentally意外射擊accurately準確射擊wide偏離目標射擊Whitlock purposely fired wide.惠特洛克故意射偏了。back回射off射出They fired off a volley of shots.他們射出一梭子彈。VERB + FIREbe ready to準備射擊He grabbed the shotgun, ready to fire if anyone entered.他抓起獵槍,準備好有人進來就隨時開槍。order sb to命令某人開槍He ordered the troops to fire over the heads of the crowd.他命令部隊向人群上方開槍。PREPOSITIONat對準⋯射擊She fired a revolver at her attacker.她用左輪手槍向襲擊她的人射擊。into槍炮打向He fired the gun into the air.他朝天鳴槍。on, upon對着⋯射擊The police fired on protesters in the square.警察向廣場上的抗議者開槍。
IELTS BNC: 693 COCA: 653
fire verb
fire (fire sb from their job) shoot (fire a gun)
fire noun
fire1 (destroyed by fire) fire2 (Get warm by the fire.) energy2 (eyes full of fire) heating (a gas fire) be on fire burn verb1 set fire to sth/set sth on fire light verb1 open fire shoot verb
fire1

noun

destroyed by fire 毁于火灾Get warm by the fire. 在炉火边取暖。fire ♦︎ flames ♦︎ blaze ♦︎ combustion ♦︎ infernoThese are all words for the flames, light and heat that are produced when sth burns, especially when they are out of control. 这些词均表示火、火灾。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配(a) raging fire / flames / infernoto start a fire / blazeto fight / tackle / contain / control / put out / extinguish a fire / the flames / a blazeto bring a fire / blaze under controlto douse a fire / the flamesto escape (from) a fire / the flames / a blaze / an infernoto fan the fire / the flamesa fire / flames / an inferno rages / ragea fire / flames / a blaze spreads / spreada fire / blaze breaks out / startsa fire / flames roars / roar fire [uncountable, countable] the flames, light and heat, and often smoke, that are produced when sth burns; fire that is out of control and destroys buildings, trees or other things 火;失火;火灾Most animals are afraid of fire.大多数动物怕火。The car was now on fire.小轿车着火了。Several youths had set fire to the police car (= had made it start burning).几个年轻人纵火焚烧警车。These thatched roofs frequently catch fire (= start to burn).这些茅草屋顶屡屡着火。It took several days to bring the forest fires under control.花了好几天才控制住森林大火。 flames [plural] the hot bright streams of burning gas that come from sth that is on fire 火焰;火舌The flames were leaping higher and higher.熊熊火焰越蹿越高。The building was in flames (= was burning).大楼失火了。The plane burst into flames (= suddenly began burning).飞机突然燃烧起来。Everything went up in flames (= was destroyed by fire).一切都毁于大火了。 blaze [countable, usually singular] (especially journalism 尤用于新闻) a very large fire, especially a dangerous one 烈火;大火Five people died in the blaze.五人葬身火海。Firefighters were called in to tackle the blaze.消防队员奉召前来救火。 Blaze is a dramatic word which is often used in newspapers, especially in headlines, to catch the attention of the reader. * blaze是个感情强烈的词,常用于报章,尤其是标题中,以吸引读者的注意Two die in pub blaze.两人葬身酒吧火海。 see also blaze burn verb 1 combustion kəmˈbʌstʃən [uncountable] (technical 术语) the process of burning; a chemical process in which substances combine with the oxygen in the air to produce heat and light 燃烧;燃烧过程Poisonous gases are produced during fossil fuel combustion.化石燃料在燃烧过程中会产生有毒气体。 inferno ɪnˈfɜːnəʊ; NAmE ɪnˈfɜːrnoʊ(plural infernos) [countable, usually singular] (written, especially journalism 尤用于新闻) a very large dangerous fire that is out of control 无法控制的大火The flames quickly turned the house into a raging inferno.烈焰很快将房子变成了熊熊火海。Inferno is a dramatic word that is often used to make literary texts or newspaper stories seem more powerful. * inferno是个感情强烈的词,常用在文学文本或新闻报道中,使文字更有力度。fire2

noun

destroyed by fire 毁于火灾Get warm by the fire. 在炉火边取暖。fire ♦︎ bonfire ♦︎ campfireThese are all words for a pile of burning fuel such as wood or coal. 这些词均表示炉火、灶火、篝火。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配a blazing fire / bonfire / campfireto build / make / light a fire / bonfire / campfireto throw / put sth on a fire / bonfire / campfireto put out a fire / bonfire / campfireto sit / gather round / around a fire / bonfire / campfirea fire / bonfire / campfire burns fire [countable] a pile of burning fuel, such as wood or coal, used for cooking food or heating a room 炉火;灶火Come and get warm by the fire.来,到炉火边来取暖。We sat in front of a roaring fire.我们坐在熊熊的炉火前。A roaring/blazing fire is a large fire that sb has lit in a room in order to make the room warm and comfortable. A raging fire is a fire that has started by accident and is out of control. * roaring/blazing fire指在房间里燃起的熊熊炉火,使房间变得温暖舒适。raging fire指意外失火导致的无法控制的熊熊大火。 bonfire ˈbɒnfaɪə(r); NAmE ˈbɑːnfaɪər [countable] a large outdoor fire for burning waste or as part of a celebration 大火堆;篝火There will be a bonfire and a firework display.将会点燃篝火,还会有烟火表演。What are you doing for Bonfire Night (= a festival in Britain on 5 November)?你在篝火之夜有什么庆祝活动? campfire ˈkæmpfaɪə(r) [countable] an outdoor fire made by people who are sleeping outside or living in a tent 营火;篝火We sat around the campfire telling stories and singing.我们围坐在营火边讲故事、唱歌。fire

verb

fire ♦︎ lay sb off ♦︎ dismiss ♦︎ sack ♦︎ axe ♦︎ make sb redundant ♦︎ let sb go ♦︎ discharge ♦︎ give sb/get the sackThese words all mean to officially remove sb from their job. 这些词均表示解雇、免职、开除。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配to fire sb / lay sb off / dismiss sb / sack sb / make sb redundant / discharge sb / get the sack from a jobto fire sb / dismiss sb / sack sb / give sb the sack for sthto fire / lay off / dismiss / sack / axe staff / workers / employeesto make staff / workers / employees redundantto let staff / employees goto make jobs / posts / positions redundantto axe jobs / posts / positionsto get fired / laid off / dismissed / sacked / made redundantto be unfairly / summarily fired / dismissed / sackedto be wrongfully fired / dismissed fire [transitive, often passive] (NAmE or rather informal, BrE) to officially remove sb from their job 解雇;免职;开除We had to fire him for dishonesty.他不诚实,我们不得不开除他。She got fired from her first job.她第一份工作就被解雇了。He was responsible for hiring and firing employees.他负责招聘和辞退员工。 OPP hire employ ˌlay sb ˈoff

phrasal verb

(laid, laid) [often passive] to stop employing sb, often for a temporary period, because there is not enough work for them to do (因工作不多而暂时)解雇200 workers at the factory have been laid off.工厂里已有200个工人下岗。 OPP take sb on employ see also lay-off unemployment
dismiss [transitive, usually passive] (rather formal) to officially remove sb from their job 解雇;免职;开除She claims she was unfairly dismissed from her position.她声称自己被无理解雇。Dismiss is the preferred term used in legal contexts, especially in the phrase unfairly/wrongfully dismissed. 在法律语境中一般用dismiss,尤用于短语unfairly/wrongfully dismissed(无理/非法解雇)。 OPP appoint appoint see also dismissal unemployment sack [transitive, often passive] (especially BrE, informal) to dismiss sb from a job, usually because they have done sth wrong (通常因其过失)解雇,炒鱿鱼She was sacked for refusing to work on Sundays.她因拒绝在星期天上班被炒了鱿鱼。 see also sacking unemployment axe (BrE) (NAmE ax) [transitive, usually passive] (journalism 新闻) to remove sb from their job 解雇;开除300 jobs are to be axed at a local chemical works.当地一家化工厂要削减300个职位。Jones has been axed from the team.琼斯已被开除出队。Axe is used especially in journalism when a large number of people are made redundant at the same time; it is more usual to talk about the jobs being axed, rather than the people. * axe尤用于新闻报道中,指同时解雇大批人员;axe的宾语常常是jobs,而不是人。 ˌmake sb reˈdundant

phrase

(made, made) [usually passive] (BrE) to remove sb from their job because there is no more work available for them (因没有工作可做)解雇,裁员She was made redundant from her job.她成为冗员而被解雇。A further five senior posts are to be made redundant.还有五个高级职位要被裁撤。Officially, it is jobs or posts that become redundant, not the people who hold them; in practice it is more common to talk about people being made redundant. 严格来说,变得多余、要被削减的是工作(job)或职位(post),而非任职者;但实际上,这种说法较常用sb作宾语,且多用被动语态的sb be made redundant。 see also redundant unemployed , redundancy unemployment
ˌlet sb ˈgo

idiom

(letting, let, let)to make sb have to leave their job 解雇;开除They're having to let 100 employees go because of falling profits.由于利润下降他们将不得不减员100人。Let sb go is used as a gentler way of saying fire, sack or make sb redundant. * let sb go是fire、sack或make sb redundant的较为温和的说法。
discharge dɪsˈtʃɑːdʒ; NAmE dɪsˈtʃɑːrdʒ [transitive, usually passive] (rather formal) to give sb official permission to leave a job or a position in the army; to make sb leave a job or a position in the army 准许(某人)退伍;把(某人)从部队开除He was discharged from the army following his injury.他受伤后就退伍了。She was discharged from the police force for bad conduct.她因行为不轨被逐出警察队伍。 see also discharge unemployment noun ˌgive sb the ˈsack ˌget the ˈsack

idiom

(gave, given; getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten) (especially BrE, informal) to sack sb; to be sacked 让某人卷铺盖;被炒鱿鱼I've never had to give anyone the sack.我从不用解雇人。He got the sack from his last job.他干上一份工作时被炒了鱿鱼。NOTE 辨析 Sack or give sb the sack? Sack can sound more sudden or dramatic than give sb the sack, and is used more by journalists. Give sb the sack is more frequent in everyday spoken English. 与give sb the sack相比,sack听起来较为突然或富有戏剧性,较常为新闻记者所用。give sb the sack多用于日常口语中。

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