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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4091 COCA: 3727
chaos

noun

  ➡ See also the entry for mess 2 另见mess条第2义chaos ♦︎ confusion ♦︎ mess ♦︎ commotion ♦︎ mayhem ♦︎ havoc ♦︎ shambles ♦︎ pandemonium ♦︎ uproarThese are all words for a state of confusion and lack of order. 这些词均表示混乱无序。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in chaos / (the) confusion / a mess / the commotion / the mayhem / a shambles / pandemonium / (an) uproar◆(a) complete / total chaos / confusion / mess / mayhem / shambles / pandemonium◆general chaos / confusion / commotion / mayhem / pandemonium◆(a) great confusion / commotion / uproar◆to cause chaos / confusion / a mess / a commotion / mayhem / havoc / pandemonium / (an) uproar◆to create chaos / confusion / a mess / mayhem / havoc◆to bring chaos / mayhem / havoc◆to sort out the chaos / mess / shambles◆chaos / a commotion / mayhem / pandemonium / uproar breaks out◆chaos / confusion / pandemonium reigns◆There is / was chaos / confusion / a commotion / mayhem / pandemonium / uproar.◆It is / was chaos / a mess / mayhem / a shambles / pandemonium.■ chaos ˈkeɪɒs; NAmE ˈkeɪɑːs [uncountable] a situation in which things are happening in a confused way and there is no order or control at all 混乱；杂乱；紊乱◆Heavy flooding is causing total chaos across the country.严重的洪涝正导致全国陷入混乱。◆The house was in chaos after the party.聚会后，房子里一片狼藉。◆People started shouting and the meeting descended into chaos.人们叫喊起来，会议陷入混乱。OPP order ⇨ efficiency ▸ chaotic keɪˈɒtɪk; NAmE keɪˈɑːtɪk

adjective

◆It's a bit chaotic around here at the moment.眼下这儿有点混乱。◆Amid chaotic scenes in court, the long-awaited verdict was announced.在一片混乱中，法庭宣布了等待很久的判决。■ confusion [uncountable] a situation in which a lot of things are happening at the same time and people do not know what action to take （让人不知所措的）混乱局面，乱成一团◆The protesters set off smoke bombs to create confusion and panic.抗议者点燃烟幕弹，制造混乱和恐慌。◆The local council has been thrown into total confusion by her resignation.她辞职后，地方议会完全陷入混乱状态。NOTE 辨析 Chaos or confusion? Chaos generally describes a total lack of order in a system or situation; confusion is mainly used about a group of people who suddenly don't know what to do. * chaos一般指系统或局面完全失控，confusion主要指一群人突然不知所措。■ mess [countable, usually singular] (rather informal) a situation that is full of problems because of a lack of organization or because people have made mistakes （组织欠佳或人为导致的）麻烦，困境，混乱◆The economy is in a mess.经济陷入了困境。◆The whole situation is a mess.整件事就是一团糟。◆I feel I've made a terrible mess of things.我觉得我把事情弄糟了。◆A new managing director has been appointed to clear up the financial mess.新任命了一位常务董事来收拾财务的残局。◆Who got us into this mess in the first place?首先，究竟是谁让我们惹上这样的麻烦？▸ messy

adjective

◆The divorce was painful and messy.那次离婚既痛苦又纠缠不清。■ commotion kəˈməʊʃn; NAmE kəˈmˈmoʊʃn [countable, usually singular, uncountable] sudden noisy confusion or excitement （突然发生的）喧闹，骚乱，骚动◆I heard a commotion upstairs and went to see what was happening.我听到楼上一阵喧闹，便去看看发生了什么事情。◆She waited until the commotion died down.她一直等着，直到骚乱渐渐平息。■ mayhem ˈmeɪhem [uncountable] (rather formal) confusion and fear, sometimes involving violence or injury, usually caused by some sudden shocking event （由突发的恐惧导致的）骚乱，慌乱◆The gales caused mayhem across much of the country.狂风在该国大部分地区造成了混乱。◆The terrorists brought mayhem to the crowded shopping area.恐怖分子在人流密集的商业区制造恐慌。■ havoc ˈhævək [uncountable] a situation in which there are a lot of problems and confusion because of the bad effect of sth 灾害；祸患；混乱◆This new virus has created havoc for computer users.这种新病毒已经给计算机用户造成灾难。◆The fog is playing havoc with flight schedules.大雾严重打乱航班时刻表。◆Continuing strikes are beginning to wreak havoc on the economy.持续的罢工开始严重破坏经济。■ shambles [singular] (rather informal) a situation that is completely unsuccessful because of a lack of organization or because people have made mistakes （组织欠佳或人为导致的）混乱局面，无序场面，一片狼藉◆The economy was in a shambles last year.去年的经济一片混乱。◆Our defending was a complete shambles.我们的防守完全是一团糟。◆What a shambles!好乱哪！NOTE 辨析 Mess or shambles? Shambles is a stronger word than mess and suggests a situation in which organization has broken down completely. * shambles比mess语气更强烈，指秩序完全瘫痪的局面。■ pandemonium ˌpændəˈməʊniəm; NAmE ˌpændəˈmoʊniəm [uncountable] (rather formal) a situation in which there is a lot of noise, activity and confusion, especially because people are feeling angry or frightened （尤指因人群愤怒或恐慌而造成的）骚动，喧嚣◆Pandemonium broke out when the news was announced.这消息一公布，立即乱成一片。◆It was absolute pandemonium in there.那里完全是一片混乱。■ uproar [uncountable, singular] a situation in which people shout and make a lot of noise because they are angry or upset about sth 吵闹；喧嚣；叫喊◆The trial ended in uproar.审判在吵闹中结束。◆Her comments provoked an uproar from the audience.她的评论激起了听众的鼓噪。

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