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IELTS BNC: 1074 COCA: 1522
damage

noun¹

1harm/injury危害;損傷ADJECTIVE | VERB + DAMAGE | DAMAGE + VERB | DAMAGE + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVEconsiderable, enormous, great, heavy, massive, serious, severe, significant, substantial, untold重大的損害;嚴重的損害;不可估量的損害The power plant will cause untold damage to the local environment.電站將會對當地環境造成不可估量的損害。minimal, minor, slight最小的/較小的/輕微的損害extensive, widespread大範圍的破壞;大面積的損害irreparable, irreversible, lasting, long-term, permanent不可彌補的/無法挽回的/持久的/長期的/永久的損害The incident did permanent damage to relations between the two countries.這起事件對兩國關係造成了永久的損害。potential潛在的損害criminal, malicious, wilful (all BrE, law法律) 刑事損害;蓄意損毀He was prosecuted for criminal damage to a vehicle.他被控對汽車存在刑事損害。accidental意外損害The insurance policy covers the building for accidental damage.這份保單承保這座建築的意外毀損。emotional, environmental, mechanical, physical, psychological, structural感情傷害;環境破壞;機械損傷;身體傷害;精神傷害;結構損壞brain, liver, nerve, etc.腦部、肝臟、神經等損傷She suffered serious brain damage at birth.她出生時腦部嚴重損傷。property財產損失collateral附帶傷害VERB + DAMAGEcause, do, inflict引起損害;造成損傷;加以傷害The earthquake caused widespread damage to property.地震造成了大範圍的財產損失。They inflicted severe psychological damage on their opponents.他們給對手造成了極大的心理傷害。suffer, sustain遭受破壞;蒙受損失repair彌補損失pay for賠償損失assess評估損失avoid, prevent避免/防止損失limit, minimize, reduce限制/最大限度減少/減少損失DAMAGE + VERBoccur, result損失發生/產生DAMAGE + NOUNassessment, report損失評估/報告control, limitation (especially BrE) 損失控制/限制Serious damage control was needed after the information was leaked to the papers.信息泄露給報界後,需要採取嚴格的損失控制措施。The attempt at stopping the floods turned into a damage-limitation exercise.阻止洪水的奮戰變成了一場盡可能控制損失的演練。PREPOSITIONdamage by由⋯引起的損害The building suffered extensive damage by fire in 1925.這座建築在 1925 年因火災遭到了大面積的損毀。damage from來自⋯的傷害Crops are sprayed with chemicals to prevent damage from insects.莊稼噴上了農藥預防蟲害。damage to對⋯的破壞lasting damage to the environment對環境的持久破壞PHRASESthe cost of the damage損失的代價The cost of the damage is estimated at around $2 billion.損失估計約有 20 億美元。the damage is done事已至此(已無法挽回)Don't try to apologize-the damage is done.別道歉了 - 已於事無補了。the extent of the damage損害的程度At the moment it is difficult to assess the extent of the damage.損毀程度目前還很難估計。
damage

noun²

2damages money you can claim from sb損害賠償金ADJECTIVE | VERB + DAMAGES | DAMAGES + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVEcivil民事賠償金substantial巨額賠償金punitive懲罰性損害賠償金VERB + DAMAGESincur, suffer引發/遭受損害賠償damages incurred by the unfairly sacked workers不公平解雇工人引發的損害賠償claim, seek, sue (sb) for索賠;尋求賠償;起訴(某人)要求賠償He decided to sue the company for damages.他決定起訴這家公司要求賠償損失。assess確定賠償額The court will assess the damages.法庭將會評定損失賠償額。award (sb)判給(某人)損害賠償金pay (sb)賠償(某人)損失obtain, receive, recover, win獲得損害賠償金;收到損害賠償金be liable for, be liable in (BrE, both law法律) 有責任賠償損失If goods are lost in transit, the carrier will be liable for damages.貨物若在運輸途中丟失,承運人有責任賠償。DAMAGES + NOUNaction, claim損害賠償訴訟;索賠A woman is to bring a civil damages claim against the two men.一名女子要對這兩名男子提起民事賠償訴訟。award損害賠償金裁決PREPOSITIONin damage以賠償金形式They are claiming $5 million in damages.他們索賠 500 萬美元損失費。damage for為⋯的賠償He received damages for personal injury.他拿到了人身傷害賠償金。damage of⋯的賠償金She was awarded damages of £90 000.她得到 9 萬英鎊的賠償金。PHRASESan action for damages, a claim for damages索賠訴訟;索賠The judge upheld her claim for damages against her former employer.法官支持她向以前的雇主索賠。
damage

verb

ADVERBbadly, heavily, seriously, severely嚴重破壞The building was badly damaged by fire.這座建築遭到大火嚴重破壞。slightly輕微破壞irreparably, permanently不可彌補地破壞;永久性地破壞She may have damaged her health irreparably.她可能已經對自己的健康造成了不可彌補的傷害。

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