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change noun
⇨ change 1 (a change in the weather) ⇨ change 2 (make changes to sth) ⇨ money 2 (change for the ticket machine) ⇨ a change of heart ⇨ revolution 2change verb
⇨ change 1 (change your habits) ⇨ change 2 (changing attitudes towards education) ⇨ cash (Can you change a £20 note?) ⇨ replace 2 (change your doctor) ⇨ turn 2 (Caterpillars change into butterflies.) ⇨ wear (change into your swimsuit)change1

noun

 a change in the weather 天气的变化make changes to sth 改变某事change ♦︎ shift ♦︎ variation ♦︎ swing ♦︎ fluctuation ♦︎ variability ♦︎ alternationThese are all words for the act of becoming different, especially frequently. 这些词均表示改变、变化，尤指多变。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a change / a shift / a variation / a swing / a fluctuation / variability / an alternation in sth◆a shift / a variation / a fluctuation / an alternation between A and B◆a shift / swing towards sth◆(a) considerable change / shift / variation / fluctuation / variability◆a big / dramatic / massive change / shift / variation / swing◆(a) small change / shift / variation / swing / fluctuations◆(a) rapid change / shift / fluctuation / alternation◆(a) random change / variation / fluctuation / alternation◆(a) seasonal change / variation / fluctuation◆to cause a change / a shift / a variation / a swing / fluctuations / variability◆to produce a change / a shift / a variation / a swing / fluctuations◆to show a change / a shift / a variation / a swing / fluctuation / an alternation / variability◆a change / a shift / a variation / a swing / fluctuation occurs■ change [countable, uncountable] the result of sth becoming different 改变；变化；变更◆We're hoping for a change in the weather.我们希望天气有所变化。◆There was no change in the patient's condition overnight.病人的病情整夜未变。◆She is someone who hates change.她是厌恶改变的人。◆How far does war bring about social change?战争带来的社会变动有多大？ⓘ A change [singular] is the fact of a situation, place or experience being different from what is usual and therefore likely to be interesting or enjoyable. 用作单数形式的a change指令人感兴趣或可喜的变化、变更◆Let's stay in tonight for a change.咱们今晚换换口味，就待在家里吧。◆It makes a change to read some good news for once.破例读到点好消息，真让人高兴。 ■ shift [countable] (especially journalism 尤用于新闻) a change in position or direction （位置或方向的）改变，转变◆These results mark a dramatic shift in public opinion.这些结果表明公众舆论发生了急剧变化。◆There was a gradual shift in the population away from the countryside to the towns.人口逐渐从农村向城镇转移。◆I detected a subtle shift towards our point of view.我察觉到转向我方观点的微妙变化。◆These climate shifts occurred over less than a decade.发生这些气候变化不超过十年。■ variation [countable, uncountable] frequent change in the amount, quality or level of sth （数量、质量或水平上频繁的）变化，变更，变动◆The dial records very slight variations in pressure.这个刻度盘能显示很微小的压力变化。◆Currency exchange rates are always subject to variation.货币汇率总在波动。◆We need to take seasonal variation into account (= depending on the time of year).我们需要考虑季节性波动。   see also variation ⇨ difference ■ swing [countable] a change from one opinion or situation to another; the amount by which sth changes （观点或情况的）改变；改变的程度◆He is liable to abrupt mood swings (= for example from being very happy to being very sad).他的情绪容易大起大落。◆Voting showed a 10% swing to Labour.投票显示10%的人转而支持工党。◆There are indications of a swing towards nuclear power.有迹象表明人们转而支持核能。ⓘ Swing is used especially to talk about political, social and cultural changes, as well as mood swings or swings of mood. * swing尤指政治、社会和文化方面的变化，“情绪变化”用mood swings或swings of mood。■ fluctuation ˌflʌktʃuˈeɪʃn [countable, uncountable] (rather formal) frequent change in the size, amount, level or quality of sth, especially from one extreme to another （大小、数量、水平或质量上频繁剧烈的）波动◆The situation led to wild fluctuations in interest rates.这种情况导致了利率的大幅波动。◆Recent ice-cap surveys reveal climatic fluctuation.近期对冰冠进行的考察揭示了气候的波动。■ variability ˌveəriəˈbɪləti; NAmE ˌveriəˈbɪləti, ˌværiəˈbɪləti [uncountable] (written) the fact of sth being likely to vary 可变性；易变性；反复不定◆The changes were attributed to natural climatic variability.这些变更是自然气候多变造成的。◆There is always a degree of variability in the exchange rate.汇率总是有一定幅度的变化。   see also variable ⇨ variable ■ alternation ˌɔːltəˈneɪʃn; NAmE ˌɔːltərˈneɪʃn [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) a repeated change between different situations, feelings, types of behaviour or ideas （情况、情绪、行为或想法上重复性的）改变，变化◆the alternation of day and night昼夜交替◆Such rapid alternations of mood are a feature of her writing.如此快速的情绪变化是她文字作品的一个特征。ⓘ Alternations involve changing from one situation to another, and then back to the first situation again. * alternation指周而复始的变化。change2

noun

 a change in the weather 天气的变化make changes to sth 改变某事change ♦︎ amendment ♦︎ transition ♦︎ adjustment ♦︎ conversion ♦︎ modification ♦︎ switch ♦︎ alteration ♦︎ revision ♦︎ adaptationThese are all words for the act or result of making sth different. 这些词均表示改变、调整、更正。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a change / an amendment / a transition / an adjustment / a conversion / a modification / a switch / an alteration / a revision / an adaptation to sth◆a change / an adjustment / a modification / a switch / an alteration in sth◆(a) major change / amendment / transition / adjustment / modification / alteration / revision / adaptation◆(an) important change / amendment / transition / adjustment / modification / switch / alteration / revision◆(a) radical change / adjustment / alteration / revision / adaptation◆(a) slight change / amendment / adjustment / modification / alteration / revision◆(a) constant change / adjustment / modification / alteration / revision / adaptation◆to propose / suggest a change / an amendment / a modification / an alteration / a revision / an adaptation◆to make a change / an amendment / the transition / an adjustment / a modification / a switch / an alteration / a revision / an adaptation◆to carry out / undertake a conversion / modification / an alteration / revision◆to need / require amendment / adjustment / modification / alteration / revision◆to undergo a transition / modification / alteration / revision■ change [countable, uncountable] the act or result of making sth different 改变；变化；变更◆I made a couple of minor changes to the opening paragraph.我对起始段作了几处小改动。◆He made a rapid gear change as he approached the bend.接近拐弯处时，他快速换挡。◆He called for a change of mood in Scottish politics.他号召改变苏格兰政治的氛围。◆Train times are subject to change without notice.列车时刻表可能会变更而不另行通知。  see also change over ⇨ switch verb ■ amendment əˈmendmənt [countable, uncountable] (rather formal) a small change or improvement that is made to a law or document; the process of changing a law or document （法律或文件的）改动，修正案，修订◆A major amendment was introduced into the legislation.对此项法规进行了一项重大修订。◆Parliament passed the bill without further amendment.议会未作进一步修改便通过了议案。   see also amend ⇨ adjust ■ transition trænˈzɪʃn, trænˈsɪʃn [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) the process or a period of changing from one state or condition to another 过渡；转变；变迁◆The company was slow to make the transition from paper to computer.这家公司从纸本到电脑的转变缓慢。◆He will remain head of state during the period of transition to democracy.在向民主政权过渡的时期，他仍将是国家首脑。◆This class is useful for students who are in transition (= in the process of changing) from one training programme to another.对转换培训项目的学生来说，这一课程很有用。◆We need to ensure a smooth transition between the old system and the new one.我们需要确保新旧制度的平稳过渡。▸ transitional

adjective

◆a transitional period过渡时期◆a transitional government过渡政府■ adjustment əˈdʒʌstmənt [countable, uncountable] (rather formal) a small change that is made to sth in order to correct or improve it; a change in the way a person behaves or thinks 调节；（行为或思想的）调整，适应◆I've made a few adjustments to the design.我对设计作了几处调整。◆Some adjustment of the lens may be necessary.可能需要调整一下镜头。◆She went through a period of emotional adjustment after her marriage broke up.婚姻破裂后，她熬过了一段感情调整期。ⓘ Adjustment is usually used to talk about small changes made to objects, rather than documents. * adjustment常指对物品，而非文件作的小调整、小变化。   see also adjust ⇨ adjust ■ conversion kənˈvɜːʃn; NAmE kənˈvɜːrʒn [uncountable, countable] the act or process of changing sth from one form, use or system to another （形式、用途或系统上的）转变，转换，转化◆Their main business is the conversion of farm buildings into family homes.他们的主要业务是将农场建筑物改建为家庭住宅。◆Conversion to gas central heating will save you a lot of money.转成燃气中央供暖系统可以省不少钱。◆The firm specializes in house conversions (= turning large houses into several smaller flats or apartments).这家公司专营房屋改建。  see also convert ⇨ turn 2 , convert ⇨ switch ■ modification ˌmɒdɪfɪˈkeɪʃn; NAmE ˌmɑːdɪfɪˈkeɪʃn [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) the act or process of changing sth in order to correct or improve it or make it more acceptable; a change that is made 修改；改进；改变◆Considerable modification of the existing system is needed.需要对现有系统进行相当大的改进。◆It might be necessary to make a few slight modifications to the design.也许有必要对这个设计稍作几处修改。   see also modify ⇨ adjust ■ switch [countable] (rather informal, especially journalism 尤用于新闻) a change from one thing to another, especially when this is sudden and complete （尤指突然彻底的）改变，转变◆She made the switch from full-time to part-time work when her first child was born.第一个孩子出生后，她就从全职改为兼职工作了。◆He has vehemently opposed the policy switch.他强烈反对改变政策。   see also switch ⇨ switch verb ■ alteration ˌɔːltəˈreɪʃn [countable, uncountable] a change to sth that makes it different; the act of making a change to sth 改变；变化；改动◆They are making some major alterations to the house.他们在对这栋房子作一些大改动。◆The dress will not need much alteration.这条连衣裙不需要大改。NOTE 辨析 Adjustment, modification or alteration? Adjustments are usually small changes that are made to designs or equipment. Modification can be used to talk about a wider variety of changes, but it is often used to describe larger changes made to systems or vehicles. Alteration is often used to talk about changes people make to buildings, especially their houses. * adjustment常指对设计方案或设备所作的小调整。modification所指的改变含义更广，但常指对系统或车辆所作的大改变。alteration常指对建筑物，尤其是住宅所作的改变。■ revision rɪˈvɪʒn [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) the act of changing sth, or of examining sth with the intention of changing it; a change or set of changes made 修改；检查；（一项或一轮）修订◆The system is in need of revision.系统需要更新。◆He made some minor revisions to the report before printing it out.把报告打印出来之前，他作了一些小的修改。ⓘ Revisions are usually made to correct sth that is wrong, or to bring sth up to date. * revision通常指修订错误，或进行更新。   see also revise ⇨ adjust , revise ⇨ revise ■ adaptation ˌædæpˈteɪʃn [uncountable] (rather formal) the process of changing sth, for example your behaviour, to suit a new situation 适应◆We've been studying the adaptation of species to hot conditions.我们一直在研究物种对炎热环境的适应问题。change1

verb

 change your habits 改变习惯changing attitudes towards education 不断变化的对教育的看法replacechange your doctorturn2Caterpillars change into butterflies.  ➡ See also the entry for adjust 另见adjust条change ♦︎ alter ♦︎ adapt ♦︎ shift ♦︎ tailor ♦︎ varyThese words all mean to make sb/sth different. 这些词均表示改变。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to change / alter / adapt / tailor sth for sb / sth◆to change / alter / adapt a plan / story◆to change / alter / shift / vary the emphasis◆to change / alter / shift the balance / perspective◆to change / alter / adapt your behaviour◆to change / adapt / vary your routine◆to change / alter / shift your / sb's attitude / opinion◆to change / alter / adapt / tailor sth accordingly◆to change / adapt / tailor sth specially / carefully■ change [transitive] to make sb/sth different 改变；使变化◆Information technology has changed the way people work.信息技术改变了人的工作方式。◆This incident changed the whole course of events.这件事改变了整个事态的发展。◆What made you change your mind (= change your opinion)?什么使你改变了想法？◆The fruit changes colour as it ripens.这种水果成熟时会变色。◆Don't keep changing the subject.不要总是改变话题。■ alter ˈɔːltə(r) [transitive] to make sb/sth different 改变；更改；改动◆This development will alter the character of the town.这项开发将改变城区的风貌。◆Nothing can alter the fact that we are to blame.错在我们，这是无法改变的事实。NOTE 辨析 Change or alter?Sometimes you can use either word. 这两个词有时可通用◆Fame hasn't really changed / altered him.名声并没有使他有丝毫改变。However, change often suggests a complete change, whereas alter can suggest a smaller change. 不过，change常指彻底的改变，而alter可指小的改变◆This law needs to be altered (= changed slightly in order to improve it).这项法律需要修改。◆This law needs to be changed (= changed completely or got rid of).这项法律需要更改。 Alter is often used when sth does not change * alter常用否定陈述◆It doesn't alter the way I feel.这改变不了我的感觉。or to talk about making changes to particular aspects of sth. 或指改变事物的某些方面◆They can alter the programme until success is achieved.他们可以改变程序直至成功为止。 Change can also be used in all of these cases, but its range of uses is much wider, including particular collocations such as change your mind, change your name, change colour, change tack and change the subject. * change可用于以上所有情况，且其使用范围更广，固定搭配有change your mind，change your name，change colour，change tack和change the subject。 ■ adapt [transitive] to change sth in order to make it suitable for a new use or situation 使适应，使适合（新用途或新情况）◆Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people.这些工具多数已经过特别改装，供残疾人使用。◆These styles can be adapted to suit individual tastes.这些样式可以修改，以适应个人不同喜好。   see also modify ⇨ adjust , adaptable ⇨ flexible 1 ■ shift [transitive] to change the way that people think about sth 改变（观点）◆They are trying to shift public attitudes about the nature of old age.他们试图改变公众对老龄本质的看法。◆We need to shift the focus of this debate.我们需要转换一下辩论焦点。ⓘ Typical collocates of shift are attitudes, opinions, balance, emphasis, focus and perspective. * shift的常见搭配词有attitudes、opinions、balance、emphasis、focus和perspective。■ tailor ˈteɪlə(r) [transitive] to make or adapt sth for a particular purpose or person 专门制作；订做◆Special programmes of study are tailored to the needs of specific groups.为满足特定群体的需要，特制了专门的课程。◆Most travel agents are prepared to tailor travel arrangements to meet individual requirements.为满足个别需要，大多数旅行社都愿意作出专门的旅游安排。■ vary [transitive] to make changes to sth to make it slightly different （略为）变更，改变◆The job enables me to vary the hours I work.这项工作使我能够调整工作时间。◆The aerobics instructor varies the routine each week.健美操教练每周都改变动作套路。ⓘ Vary is used especially to talk about making slight changes to a routine of sth that you do regularly. * vary尤与routine连用，指对定期做的事情进行小的改变。change2

verb

 change your habits 改变习惯changing attitudes towards education 不断变化的对教育的看法replacechange your doctorturn2Caterpillars change into butterflies.change ♦︎ vary ♦︎ shift ♦︎ fluctuate ♦︎ swing ♦︎ alter ♦︎ alternateThese words all mean to become different. 这些词均表示发生改变、起变化。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to change / shift / swing from sth to sth◆to vary / fluctuate / swing / alternate between A and B◆to change / vary / fluctuate according to sth◆to change / vary / fluctuate / swing wildly◆to change / vary / shift / fluctuate / swing / alter dramatically / sharply◆to change / vary / shift / fluctuate / alter significantly◆to change / vary / shift / fluctuate constantly / continually◆to change / shift / fluctuate / swing rapidly◆to change / shift / swing suddenly◆to change / vary / alter little / slightly / somewhat◆to hardly / never change / vary / alter■ change [intransitive] to become different 改变；变化◆Rick hasn't changed. He looks exactly the same as he did at school.里克一点儿没变，他和上学时一模一样。◆We examined changing attitudes towards education.我们研究了对于教育不断变化的看法。◆The language is changing all the time.语言总是在变化。◆Leeds changed from a small market town into a busy city.利兹从一个小集镇变成了热闹的城市。◆Her life changed completely when she won the lottery.她彩票中奖后生活彻底改变了。■ vary [intransitive] to change frequently or be different according to the situation （根据情况）变化，变更，改变◆The menu varies with the season.菜单随季节而变动。◆Prices vary according to the type of room you require.价格随要求的房间类型而有所变化。◆Class numbers vary between 25 and 30.班级的数目从25到30不等。◆Pulse rates vary slightly from person to person.每个人的脉搏快慢略有不同。◆'What time do you start work?' 'It varies.'“你几点钟开始工作？” “没准儿。”■ shift [intransitive] (especially journalism 尤用于新闻) (of a situation or opinion) to change from one state or position to another （情况或观点）改变，转向◆The balance of power shifted away from workers towards employers.力量从工人一方转向雇主一方去了。◆Public attitudes towards marriage have shifted over the past 50 years.50年来，公众对婚姻的态度已经改变。■ fluctuate ˈflʌktʃueɪt [intransitive] (rather formal or written) to change frequently in size, amount, level or quality, especially from one extreme to another （大小、数量、水平或质量大幅）波动；（在⋯之间）起伏不定◆During the crisis, oil prices fluctuated between $30 and $50 a barrel.在危机时期，石油价格在每桶30到50美元之间波动。◆Temperatures can fluctuate by as much as 10 degrees.温差可达10度之大。◆My weight fluctuated wildly depending on how much I ate.我的体重会因我吃多少东西而大幅变化。■ swing (swung, swung) [intransitive] (especially journalism 尤用于新闻) to change from one opinion, mood or situation to another, especially from one extreme to another （观点、情绪或情况）改变，剧变◆The state has swung from Republican to Democrat.这个州从支持共和党转向支持民主党。◆His emotions swung between fear and curiosity.他时而害怕，时而好奇。◆The game could swing either way (= either side could win it).这场比赛胜负未卜。■ alter ˈɔːltə(r) [intransitive] to become different 改变；变化◆Property prices did not significantly alter during 2007.2007年，房产价格没有大的变化。◆He had not altered greatly in the last ten years.在过去的十年间，他变化不大。NOTE 辨析 change or alter?Sometimes you can use either word. 这两个词有时可通用◆Rick hasn't changed / altered much.里克没怎么改变。However, change is much more frequent and has a much wider range than alter: it often suggests a complete change to sth important. 不过，change比alter使用更频繁也更广泛，常指重要事物发生彻底的改变◆Her life changed completely when she won the lottery.她彩票中奖后生活彻底改变了。◆Her life altered completely. It can also be used to talk about things that are in the process of changing. * change还可用于谈论变化中的事物◆changing attitudes to education对于教育不断变化的看法◆altering attitudes to education Alter is often used when sth has changed only slightly or not at all. * alter常在事物发生微小的改变或根本没变时使用◆The party's policies have hardly altered, but public opinion has.该党的政策几乎没变，但是公众舆论变了。 ■ alternate ˈɔːltəneɪt; NAmE ˈɔːltərneɪt [intransitive] (always followed by between 总是后接between) to keep changing from one thing to another and back again 交替；变换◆Her mood alternated between happiness and despair.她一会儿高兴，一会儿绝望。

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