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IELTS BNC: 888 COCA: 1220
stone noun
⇨ stone (stone walls/throw stones) ⇨ grain (cherry/peach stones)stone

noun

stone ♦︎ rock ♦︎ boulder ♦︎ pebbleThese are all words for a hard solid mineral substance that is found in the ground. 这些词均表示石头、岩石。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆solid stone / rock◆to throw a stone / rock / boulder / pebble■ stone [uncountable, countable](often used before nouns or in compounds) a hard solid mineral substance that is found in the ground, often used for building; a piece of stone shaped for a particular purpose （常用于名词前或构成复合词）石头，岩石，石料；（经塑形使具有某种用途的）石块◆Most of the houses are built of stone.这些房子大多数是用石头建造的。◆stone walls石墙◆a stone bridge / floor / carving石桥；石地板；石雕◆a flight of stone steps一段石头台阶◆These words are carved on the stone beside his grave.他的墓碑上刻着这样的话。ⓘ Especially in British English a stone can be a small piece of stone of any shape. 特别是在英式英语中，stone可指任何形状的小石头◆ (especially BrE) Some children were throwing stones into the lake.一些孩子正往湖里投石子。 ▸ stony

adjective

◆a stony beach多石的海滩■ rock [uncountable, countable] the hard solid mineral substance that forms part of the surface of the earth and some other planets; a large piece of rock sticking up out of the ground or the sea; a large single piece of rock 岩石；石山；礁石；巨石块；岩块◆They drilled through several layers of rock to reach the oil.他们钻透了几层岩石寻找石油。◆volcanic / igneous / sedimentary rocks火山岩；火成岩；沉积岩◆The ship crashed into the infamous Sker Point Rocks and broke into three pieces.那艘船撞在恶名远扬的斯戈尔尖岬暗礁群上面，断成三截。◆They clambered over the rocks at the foot of the cliff.他们吃力地攀过了绝壁脚下的巨石。◆The sign said 'Danger: falling rocks'.警示牌上写着“危险：前有落石”。ⓘ In American English a rock can also be a small stone. 在美式英语中，rock也可指小石块◆ (NAmE) Demonstrators threw rocks at the police.示威者向警察扔石块。 ▸ rocky

adjective

◆a rocky coastline岩石嶙嶙的海岸线NOTE 辨析 Stone or rock?In British English people throw stones and a rock is sth too big to pick up and throw. In American English rock is the usual word for a small piece of rock that you can pick up, and stone is not usually used in this way. In both British and American English stone [uncountable] is used especially to talk about sth that has been cut or dug up from the ground, for example in order to build sth. Rock [uncountable] is used especially to talk about sth that is still a part of or attached to the ground. 在英式英语中，表示扔石子要用throw stones，rock则太大，无法拾起或投掷。在美式英语中，rock通常表示可以捡起的小石子，stone则通常不这样用。无论在英式还是美式英语中，stone作为不可数名词尤指从地下挖出来的石头，例如用于建筑的石料。rock作为不可数名词尤指仍然与大地连在一起的岩石◆Most of the houses are built of stone.那些房子大多数是用石头建造的。◆Most of the houses are built of rock. ◆The rock walls of the canyon are almost a mile high.这个峡谷的石壁差不多有1英里高。◆The stone walls of the canyon are almost a mile high. ■ boulder ˈbəʊldə(r); NAmE ˈboʊldər [countable] a very large rock, often with a round shape that has been made by water or the weather （受水或天气侵蚀而成的）巨石，漂砾◆As the ice sheet rode over the land, huge boulders were ripped from the underlying rock.冰盖划过地面时，从地表下面的岩石上撕下来一些巨石块。■ pebble [countable] a small, smooth stone that is found in or near water （水中或水边的）鹅卵石，砾石◆The hotel is located beside a pebble beach in a quiet bay.那酒店坐落在僻静海湾里一个卵石海滩旁。

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