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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4282 COCA: 6411
spoil
spɔɪl spɔɪl
Word forms: 3rd person singular present tense spoils, present participle spoiling, past tense , past participle spoiled, past tense , past participle spoilt
American English uses the form spoiled as the past tense and past participle. British English uses either spoiled or spoilt. 美国英语中过去式和过去分词为 spoiled，英国英语中可用 spoiled 或 spoilt。
1 VERB 弄糟;损坏;破坏 If you spoil something, you prevent it from being successful or satisfactory. 弄糟;损坏;破坏

  • It's important not to let mistakes spoil your life. [VERB noun]

    重要的是不要让错误毁了你的生活。

  • Peaceful summer evenings can be spoilt by mosquitoes. [be VERB-ed]

    宁静的夏夜可能会被蚊子破坏掉。

SYN ruin, destroy, wreck, damage
2 VERB 溺爱，宠坏(孩子) If you spoil children, you give them everything they want or ask for. This is considered to have a bad effect on a child's character. 溺爱，宠坏(孩子)

  • Grandparents are often tempted to spoil their grandchildren whenever they come to visit. [VERB noun]

    祖父母每次来访都往往禁不住要娇惯孙辈。

SYN overindulge, indulge, pamper, baby
spoilt, spoiled

  • A spoilt child is rarely popular with other children.

    被宠坏的孩子很难得到其他孩子的喜爱。

  • Oh, that child. He's so spoiled.

    哦，那个孩子。他被宠坏了。

3 VERB 犒赏（自己或他人） If you spoil yourself or spoil another person, you give yourself or them something nice as a treat or do something special for them. 犒赏（自己或他人）

  • Spoil yourself with a new perfume this summer. [VERB pronoun-reflexive]

    今年夏天买瓶新香水慰劳一下自己吧。

  • Perhaps I could employ someone to iron his shirts, but I wanted to spoil him. He was my man. [VERB noun]

    也许我可以雇别人来熨他的衬衫，但我想好好宠他。他是我爱的男人。

SYN indulge, treat, pamper, satisfy
4 V-ERG （使）(食物)变坏;(使)腐坏 If food spoils or if it is spoilt, it is no longer fit to be eaten. （使）(食物)变坏;(使)腐坏

  • We all know that fats spoil by becoming rancid. [VERB]

    我们都知道油脂变质后会发臭。

  • Some organisms are responsible for spoiling food and cause food poisoning. [VERB noun]

    有些生物会导致食物变质并引起食物中毒。

  • Some of my apples were spoilt last year by grubs inside the fruit. [VERB noun]

    去年我的一些苹果被果内的虫子给蛀坏了。

  • ...the potential health problems from spoiled food. [VERB-ed]

    变质食物可能引起的健康问题

5 VERB (因在其上写违法的内容而)使(选票)无效 If someone spoils their vote, they write something illegal on their voting paper, usually as a protest about the election, and their vote is not accepted. (因在其上写违法的内容而)使(选票)无效 [British]

  • They had broadcast calls for voters to spoil their ballot papers. [VERB noun]

    他们通过广播呼吁选民们投无效选票。

  • The results showed that 7.2% of the voters cast blank or spoiled ballots. [VERB-ed]

    结果显示，7.2 %的选民投了空白或无效票。

6 N-PLURAL 战利品;因成功获得的好处 The spoils of something are things that people get as a result of winning a battle or of doing something successfully. 战利品;因成功获得的好处

  • True to military tradition, the victors are now treating themselves to the spoils of war.

    按照军事惯例，胜者正在分享战利品。

  • Competing warlords and foreign powers scrambled for political spoils.

    相互争斗的军阀及外国列强们正在争夺政治上的收益。

7 PHRASE 可供选择的东西众多 If you say that someone is spoilt for choice or spoiled for choice, you mean that they have a great many things of the same type to choose from. 可供选择的东西众多

  • At lunchtime, MPs are spoilt for choice in 26 restaurants and bars.

    到了午餐时间，议员们有 26 家之多的餐厅和酒吧可供选择。

Phrasal verbs:
spoil for
Trends of spoil
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