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IELTS BNC: 105 COCA: 108
back

noun¹

1part of the body身體部位ADJECTIVE | VERB + BACK | BACK + VERB | BACK + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVEbroad寬闊的後背slender苗條的腰身muscular, strong肌肉發達的/強健的背部bent彎曲的背部straight挺直的脊背lower, upper後腰;上背部bare光膀子The sun beat down on their bare backs.太陽火辣辣地照射在他們赤裸的背上。aching, bad, sore, stiff疼痛的/受傷的/痠痛的/僵直的後背He's in bed with a bad back.他後背疼痛卧病在牀。broken骨折的背部He spent six months recovering from a broken back.他背部骨折 6 個月才康復。VERB + BACKbend, hunch (especially NAmE) 彎腰;弓背He hunches his back when he walks.他走路時背弓着。straighten挺直腰板stretch伸展腰背He yawned and stretched his back as he got out of bed.他起牀時打着哈欠伸着懶腰。break, hurt, injure弄斷背;弄傷背部arch弓背The cat arched its back and hissed at the dog.貓弓起身子,衝着狗噝噝地叫。lean背靠He leaned his back against the bar.他背靠着吧台。support支起背部caress, massage, pat, rub, stroke (especially BrE) 輕撫/按摩/輕拍/搓揉/撫摩背部scratch撓背BACK + VERBarch背拱起stiffen, straighten身板挺直His back stiffened as he saw the photographers waiting.看到攝影師等着,他挺直了身板。ache, hurt背疼BACK + NOUNinjury, pain, trouble背傷;背疼;背部不適muscles背部肌肉support靠背a seat with good back support靠背舒適的座位massage, rub背部按摩Would you give me a back rub?你能給我按摩一下後背嗎?PREPOSITIONbehind sb's back在背後;背地裏;私下They tied his hands behind his back.他們把他的手反綁在背後。People say bad things about him behind his back, but never to his face. (figurative) 人們在背後說他的壞話,但從不當面說。flat on your back因病卧牀I was flat on my back for six weeks when I broke my leg.我摔斷腿後在牀上躺了 6 週。on your back在背上;仰着He was carrying a small child on his back.他背着一個小孩。She was lying on her back on the sofa.她仰卧在沙發上。in the/your back在背部I have a nagging pain in my lower back.我後腰老是疼。back to背對着He was standing with his back to the fire.他背對着爐火站着。PHRASESsb's back is turned某人轉身離開The boss was certain that the staff would stop working as soon as his back was turned. (figurative) 老闆確信只要他一走開,員工就會停止工作。back to back背對背The children sat back to back.孩子們背對背坐着。a pat on the back, a slap on the back拍一下背部;讚揚;鼓勵He smiled and gave me a hearty slap on the back.他笑了笑,親切地拍了一下我的背。She deserves a pat on the back for her efforts. (figurative) 她的努力值得鼓勵。the small of your back腰部She felt a sharp pain in the small of her back.她感到腰部一陣劇痛。turn your back (on sb/sth)轉身背對;離開Actors should never turn their backs on the audience.演員切忌背對觀眾。She decided to turn her back on Paris and return home. (figurative) 她決定離開巴黎回家去。watch your back (= be careful because people may want to harm you) 當心背後(有人使壞)I warned her she should watch her back.我警告她要提防有人暗中使壞。
back

noun²

2part furthest from the front最後部PREPOSITION | PHRASES PREPOSITIONaround back, around the back, round the back (BrE) (= to the area behind the house, etc.) 繞到後面Come around back and I'll show you the pool.繞到後面,我帶你看看泳池。If you'd like to come round the back, I'll show you the garden.你可以繞到房後,我帶你看看花園。at the back在後面We could only get seats at the back.我們只能坐後面的座位。down the back沿着後部My money's all fallen down the back of the cushion.我的錢都從墊子後面掉下去了。in back (NAmE) 在後部There's room for three people in back.後排能坐三個人。in the back (BrE) 在後部Two passengers sat in the back of the car.兩名乘客坐在轎車的後排。to the back到後部去The cup had been pushed to the back of the cupboard.杯子給推到櫥櫃後部去了。towards/toward the back接近後部The arts page is usually towards / toward the back of the newspaper.藝術版通常在報紙的後幾版。PHRASESback to front (BrE) 前後顛倒I had my pullover on back to front.我的套頭衫前後穿反了。
back

verb¹

1move back後移ADVERB | VERB + BACK | PREPOSITION ADVERBhastily, hurriedly, immediately, quickly急匆匆地/匆忙/立即/迅速後退She backed away hurriedly.她匆忙後退。slowly慢慢後退He backed slowly out of the room.他慢慢退出房間。instinctively本能地後退They instinctively backed away from the intense heat.熱浪前他們本能地倒退。cautiously, nervously謹慎地/緊張地退後He took a step forward and she nervously backed away.他上前一步,她緊張地後退。away, in, off, up退離;退入;退開;倒退Try backing the car in-it's easier that way.試着倒車進去 - 這樣容易些。Back off! There's no need to yell at me.走開點兒!不用對我大吼大叫!Can you back your car up so that I can get through?你能不能把車倒一下讓我過去?VERB + BACKtry to試圖後移He tried to back away.他試圖退後躲避。PREPOSITIONacross倒退着穿過She backed across the room.她倒退到房間的另一端。away from退避開⋯The children backed away from him in fear.孩子們嚇得倒退着躲開了他。into倒進She backed into the garage.她把車倒進了車庫。out of倒出He backed out of the drive.他把車倒着開出了車道。
back

verb²

2support sb/sth支持ADVERBstrongly強烈支持Teachers are strongly backing the new educational policies.老師們強烈支持新的教育政策。fully完全支持overwhelmingly壓倒性地支持unanimously一致支持openly, publicly公開支持;當眾支持financially經濟上支持His election bid was financially backed by a soft drinks company.他的競選得到了一家軟飲料公司的資助。up支持;證明I'll back you up if they don't believe you.如果他們不相信你,我來為你作證。
back

verb

back downVERB + BACK DOWNwill (not)(不)會放棄He will never back down.他絕不會讓步。refuse to拒絕放棄be forced to, have to被迫/不得不放棄PREPOSITIONfrom放棄⋯The government was forced to back down from implementing these proposals.政府被迫放棄實施這些計劃。over就⋯作出讓步The committee finally backed down over the issue of spending cuts.委員會最終在削減開支這件事上作出了讓步。

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