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IELTS BNC: 32 COCA: 19
say
seɪ seɪ
Word forms: 3rd person singular present tense says/sez/, present participle saying, past tense , past participle said/sed/
1 VERB 说;讲 When you say something, you speak words. 说;讲 [Also VERB to-infinitive]

  • 'I'm sorry,' he said. [VERB with quote]

    “对不起，”他说。

  • She said they were very impressed. [VERB that]

    她说他们被深深打动了。

  • Forty-one people are said to have been seriously hurt. [be VERB-ed to-infinitive]

    据说 41 人身负重伤。

  • I packed and said goodbye to Charlie. [VERB noun + to]

    我收拾好行李然后和查利道别。

  • I hope you didn't say anything about Gretchen. [VERB noun]

    我希望你对格蕾琴的事只字未提。

  • You didn't say much when you telephoned. [VERB noun]

    你打电话时没说太多。

  • Did he say where he was going?. [VERB wh]

    他说了要去哪里吗？

  • It doesn't sound exactly orthodox, if I may say so. [V so]

    恕我直言，那听起来不太符合常规。

SYN speak, utter, voice, express
2 VERB (表达观点或陈述事实，否定用法表示婉转暗示某事并非事实)说，表示 You use say in expressions such as I would just like to say to introduce what you are actually saying, or to indicate that you are expressing an opinion or admitting a fact. If you state that you can't say something or you wouldn't say something, you are indicating in a polite or indirect way that it is not the case. (表达观点或陈述事实，否定用法表示婉转暗示某事并非事实)说，表示

  • I would just like to say that this is the most hypocritical thing I have ever heard in my life. [VERB that]

    我只想说这是我这辈子听说过的最虚伪的事情。

  • I have to say I didn't even know Fox Lane Police Station existed till about four or five years ago. [VERB that]

    我必须承认直到四五年前我才知道有福克斯巷警察局 。

  • I must say that rather shocked me, too. [VERB that]

    我得说那也让我相当震惊。

  • Dead? Well, I can't say I'm sorry. [VERB that]

    死了？嗯，我不觉得难过。

SYN make known, reveal, disclose, divulge
3 VERB 告知;宣称;表明 You can mention the contents of a piece of writing by mentioning what it says or what someone says in it. 告知;宣称;表明

  • The report says there is widespread and routine torture of political prisoners in the country. [VERB that]

    这份报告称该国一直普遍存在折磨政治犯的现象。

  • Auntie Winnie wrote back saying Mam wasn't well enough to write. [VERB that]

    温妮姨妈回信说妈妈身体尚未康复，无法写信。

  • You can't have one without the other, as the song says. [VERB with quote]

    就像歌里唱的那样，两者密不可分，不能只取其一。

  • 'Highly inflammable,' it says on the spare canister. [VERB with quote]

    备用罐上写着“高度易燃”。

  • Jung believed that God speaks to us in dreams. The Bible says so too. [V so]

    荣格认为上帝在梦中和我们交谈。圣经上也如是说。

4 VERB (自己)想，琢磨;自忖 If you say something to yourself, you think it. (自己)想，琢磨;自忖

  • Perhaps I'm still dreaming, I said to myself. [VERB + to]

    也许我还在做梦，我心里想。

  • 'Keep your temper,' he said to himself. [V to pron-refl with quote]

    “别生气，”他暗暗告诉自己。

5 N-SING [oft more/some N] 发言权;决定权 If you have a say in something, you have the right to give your opinion and influence decisions relating to it. 发言权;决定权

  • You can get married at sixteen, and yet you haven't got a say in the running of the country.

    你 16 岁时可以结婚，但还无权参与国家政事。

  • The students wanted more say in the government of the university. [+ in]

    学生们想更多地参与大学的管理。

SYN influence, power, control, authority
6 VERB (钟、刻度盘、地图等)表明，指向，显示 You indicate the information given by something such as a clock, dial, or map by mentioning what it says . (钟、刻度盘、地图等)表明，指向，显示

  • The clock said four minutes past eleven. [VERB noun]

    钟显示时间是 11 点 4 分。

  • The map says there's six of them. [VERB that]

    地图上显示共有六处。

SYN read, show, display, indicate
7 VERB 说明;表明;表示 If something says something about a person, situation, or thing, it gives important information about them. 说明;表明;表示

  • I think that says a lot about how well Seles is playing. [V amount + about]

    我认为那很能说明塞勒斯表现得有多出色。

  • The appearance of the place and the building says something about the importance of the project. [VERB noun + about]

    从周边环境和这幢大楼的外观可以看出这个项目的举足轻重。

SYN suggest, reveal, express, imply
8 VERB 说明，表示(…有很多优点) If something says a lot for a person or thing, it shows that this person or thing is very good or has a lot of good qualities. 说明，表示(…有很多优点)

  • It says a lot for him that he has raised his game to the level required. [V amount + for]

    他将比赛技能提至所要求的水平，这说明他颇有能耐。

  • It says much for Brookner's skill that the book is sad, but never depressing. [VERB noun + for]

    这本书笔调忧伤，却并不令人沮丧，这很能说明布鲁克纳超群的写作技巧。

9 VERB (通常表示说话者认为某人优点不多)我会这样形容他们/你可以这样形容他们 You use say in expressions such as I'll say that for them and you can say this for them after or before you mention a good quality that someone has, usually when you think they do not have many good qualities. (通常表示说话者认为某人优点不多)我会这样形容他们/你可以这样形容他们

  • He's usually smartly-dressed, I'll say that for him. [VERB noun + for]

    我能说的是，至少他通常穿着入时。

  • At the very least, he is devastatingly sure of himself, you can say that. [VERB noun]

    至少还可以说，他对自己是深信不疑的。

10 VERB 假定;假设 You can use say when you want to discuss something that might possibly happen or be true. 假定;假设

  • Say you could change anything about the world we live in, what would it be? [VERB that]

    假定你能对我们所生活的这个世界作出任意改变，你会改变什么呢？

11 比如说;比方说 You can use say or let's say when you mention something as an example. 比如说;比方说

  • To see the problem here more clearly, let's look at a different biological system, say, an acorn.

    为更清晰地理解此处的问题，我们来看一种不同的生物系统，比如说，橡子。

  • Someone with, say, between 300 and 500 acres could be losing thousands of pounds a year.

    比方说，拥有 300 到 500 英亩地的人，可能每年会损失几千英镑。

12 EXCLAM (用以唤起注意或表示惊讶、高兴、崇敬)嘿，喂，哎呀，啊 Say is used to attract someone's attention or to express surprise, pleasure, or admiration. (用以唤起注意或表示惊讶、高兴、崇敬)嘿，喂，哎呀，啊 [US, informal]

  • Say, Leo, how would you like to have dinner one night, just you and me?

    哎，利奥，找个晚上一起吃顿饭如何，就你和我？

Usage Note :

  • Note that, with the verb say, if you want to mention the person who is being addressed, you should use the preposition to. 'What did she say you?' is wrong. 'What did she say to you?' is correct. The verb tell, however, is usually followed by a direct object indicating the person who is being addressed. He told Alison he was suffering from leukaemia... What did she tell you? 'What did she tell to you?' is wrong. Say is the most general verb for reporting the words that someone speaks. Tell is used to report information that is given to someone. The manufacturer told me that the product did not contain corn. Tell can also be used with a 'to' infinitive to report an order or instruction. My mother told me to shut up and eat my dinner.

    注意，如果要在动词 say 后提及说话的对象，应用介词 to。What did she say you 是错误说法，What did she say to you 是正确的。但是，动词 tell 后通常直接跟表示说话对象的直接宾语。例如：He told Alison he was suffering from leukaemia (他告诉艾利森他得了白血病)，What did she tell you (她告诉你什么了)。What did she tell to you 是错误说法。say 是引述某人所说话的最常用动词。tell 用于传达提供给某人的信息：The manufacturer told me that the product did not contain corn (厂家告诉我该产品不含谷物)。tell 也可和带 to 的动词不定式连用表示引述命令或指示：My mother told me to shut up and eat my dinner (妈妈让我别说话好好吃饭)。

13 PHRASE 清楚说明事实;明确表达(…的)感觉 If you say that something says it all, you mean that it shows you very clearly the truth about a situation or someone's feelings. 清楚说明事实;明确表达(…的)感觉

  • This is my third visit in a week, which says it all.

    这是我一周内第3次拜访，这说明了一切。

14 CONVENTION (表示吃惊)不会吧;(亦常表示事实上并不吃惊)我一点也不觉得奇怪，用不着你说也知道 You can use 'You don't say' to express surprise at what someone has told you. People often use this expression to indicate that in fact they are not surprised. (表示吃惊)不会吧;(亦常表示事实上并不吃惊)我一点也不觉得奇怪，用不着你说也知道 [feelings]

  • 'I'm a writer.' — 'You don't say. What kind of book are you writing?'

    “我是作家。”—“不会吧。你写哪方面的书？”

15 PHRASE 值得称道之处;优点 If you say there is a lot to be said for something, you mean you think it has a lot of good qualities or aspects. 值得称道之处;优点

  • There's a lot to be said for being based in the country.

    把总部设在该国有很多优势。

16 PHRASE 寡言少语;不爱说话 If you say that someone doesn't have much to say for himself or herself, you mean that they are not speaking very much during a conversation. 寡言少语;不爱说话 [informal]

  • He's never got much to say for himself.

    他向来寡言少语。

17 PHRASE 你有什么好说的;你有什么要辩解的 If someone asks what you have to say for yourself, they are asking what excuse you have for what you have done. 你有什么好说的;你有什么要辩解的

  • 'Well,' she said eventually, 'what have you to say for yourself?'

    “那么”，她最后说，“你有什么好说的？”

18 PHRASE 显而易见;不言而喻;不用说 If something goes without saying, it is obvious. 显而易见;不言而喻;不用说

  • It goes without saying that if someone has lung problems they should not smoke.

    不用说，有肺病的人不应吸烟。

19 PHRASE 发表意见;阐述观点 When one of the people or groups involved in a discussion has their say, they give their opinion. 发表意见;阐述观点

  • The Football Association have had their say.

    足协已经发表了意见。

20 PHRASE [PHRASE cl] (用于对很多人不喜欢的人或事物表示赞赏时)随你怎么说,不管你怎么认为 You use 'Say what you like about someone or something' when you are about to mention one good thing about a person or thing that many people do not like. (用于对很多人不喜欢的人或事物表示赞赏时)随你怎么说,不管你怎么认为

  • Say what you like about them, but they did love their Mum.

    随你怎么说，但他们确实爱自己的妈妈。

21 CONVENTION (尤指乐于接受他人刚刚提出要给予自己的东西)我不反对，我没意见，好哇 You use 'I wouldn't say no' to indicate that you would like something, especially something that has just been offered to you. (尤指乐于接受他人刚刚提出要给予自己的东西)我不反对，我没意见，好哇 [informal, formulae]

  • I wouldn't say no to a drink. [+ to]

    我倒想喝一杯。

22 PHRASE [usu PHR adj] (引出语气更重或更极端的描述)即使不说是…,虽不能说… You can use not to say when adding a stronger or more extreme description than the one you have just used. (引出语气更重或更极端的描述)即使不说是…,虽不能说…

  • To those who've never received million dollar royalty cheques, this sounded a little odd, not to say offensive.

    对于那些从没有收到过上百万美元版权费的人来说，这听起来就算不令人反感，至少也让人觉得有点儿怪。

23 PHRASE 更不用说;何况 You use to say nothing of when you mention an additional thing which gives even more strength to the point you are making. 更不用说;何况

  • Unemployment leads to a sense of uselessness, to say nothing of financial problems.

    失业会让人觉得自己一无是处，更何况还会带来经济问题。

24 PHRASE [PHRASE with cl/group] (用于提醒别人所说话可能会具有冒犯性或令人震惊)可以说 You use shall I say and shall we say in order to warn someone that what you are about to say may cause offence or be surprising. (用于提醒别人所说话可能会具有冒犯性或令人震惊)可以说

  • ...whereas when you get older you're rather set in your ways, shall I say.

    然而随着年纪渐长，可以说，你的大局已定了。

  • My involvement has not been altogether, shall we say, ethical.

    可以说，我的参与还不是完全合乎道德。

25 PHRASE 亦即;也就是说;换句话说 You use that is to say or that's to say to indicate that you are about to express the same idea more clearly or precisely. 亦即;也就是说;换句话说 [formal]

  • ...territories that were occupied in 1967, that is to say, in the West Bank and Gaza.

    1967年被占的领土，也就是约旦河西岸和加沙地带的被占领土

26 CONVENTION 让你说对了;一点没错;我同意;说得太对了 You can use 'You can say that again' to express strong agreement with what someone has just said. 让你说对了;一点没错;我同意;说得太对了 [informal, emphasis]

  • 'Must have been a fiddly job.' — 'You can say that again.'

    “那一定是件精细活。”—“说得太对了。”

27 to say the least→see: least  needless to say→see: needless 
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VERB.

announce, communicate, declare, speak 1

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