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IELTS BNC: 278 COCA: 287
law
lɔː lɔː lɔ
Word forms: plural laws
1 N-SING 法律（体系）；法律界人士 The law is a system of rules that a society or government develops in order to deal with crime, business agreements, and social relationships. You can also use the law to refer to the people who work in this system. 法律（体系）；法律界人士

  • Obscene and threatening phone calls are against the law.

    猥亵和恐吓电话都是违法的。

  • They are seeking permission to begin criminal proceedings against him for breaking the law on financing political parties. [+ on]

    他们正寻求取得对他提起刑事诉讼的许可令，以控告他违反了有关政党资助的法律。

  • There must be changes in the law quickly to stop this sort of thing ever happening to anyone else.

    我们必须迅速修订法律，以杜绝此类事情发生在其他人身上。

  • The book analyses why women kill and how the law treats them.

    该书分析了女性杀人的动机以及法律对此是如何规定的。

SYN constitution, code, legislation, charter
2 N-UNCOUNT [usually adjective NOUN] （用于指某一种法律）刑法/公司法 Law is used to refer to a particular branch of the law, such as criminal law or company law. （用于指某一种法律）刑法/公司法

  • He was a professor of criminal law at Harvard University law school.

    他是哈佛大学法学院的刑法学教授。

  • Under international law, diplomats living in foreign countries are exempt from criminal prosecution.

    根据国际法，驻外外交官员免受刑事检控。

  • Important questions of constitutional law were involved.

    其中涉及到有关宪法的一些重大问题。

3 N-COUNT [oft n NOUN] （针对某种协议、关系或罪行的）法律，法 A law is one of the rules in a system of law which deals with a particular type of agreement, relationship, or crime. （针对某种协议、关系或罪行的）法律，法

  • ...the country's liberal political asylum law.

    该国开明的政治庇护法

  • The law was passed on a second vote.

    此法在第二次表决时通过。

SYN statute, act, bill, rule
4 N-PLURAL （组织或活动的）规则，规章，条例 The laws of an organization or activity are its rules, which are used to organize and control it. （组织或活动的）规则，规章，条例

  • ...the laws of the Church of England. [+ of]

    英国国教会的教规

  • Match officials should not tolerate such behaviour but instead enforce the laws of the game. [+ of]

    赛事官员不应纵容这种行为，而应严格执行比赛规则。

SYN rule, order, ruling, principle
5 N-COUNT 准则；规矩；道理 A law is a rule or set of rules for good behaviour which is considered right and important by the majority of people for moral, religious, or emotional reasons. 准则；规矩；道理

  • ...inflexible moral laws.

    不容改变的道德准则

SYN principle, standard, code, formula
6 N-COUNT 规律；法则 A law is a natural process in which a particular event or thing always leads to a particular result. 规律；法则

  • The laws of nature are absolute.

    自然法则至高无上。

7 N-COUNT 定律；定理 A law is a scientific rule that someone has invented to explain a particular natural process. 定律；定理

  • ...the law of gravity. [+ of]

    万有引力定律

8 N-UNCOUNT 司法界；法律行业 Law or the law is all the professions which deal with Advising people about the law, representing people in court, or giving decisions and punishments. 司法界；法律行业

  • A career in law is becoming increasingly attractive to young people.

    法律行业对年轻人的吸引力越来越大。

  • Nearly 100 law firms are being referred to the Solicitors' Disciplinary Tribunal.

    近百家律师事务所被送上律师纪律法庭。

9 N-UNCOUNT 法学 Law is the study of systems of law and how laws work. 法学

  • He came to Oxford and studied law.

    他来到牛津学习法律。

  • He holds a law degree from Bristol University.

    他拥有布里斯托尔大学的法律学位。

10 See also: court of law  rule of law 
11 PHRASE 凌驾于法律之上；高于法律 If you accuse someone of thinking they are above the law, you criticize them for thinking that they are so clever or important that they do not need to obey the law. 凌驾于法律之上；高于法律 [disapproval]

  • One opposition member of parliament accuses the government of wanting to be above the law.

    议会一名反对党议员指责政府意图凌驾于法律之上。

  • He considered himself above the law.

    他自以为比法还大。

12 PHRASE 平均律 The law of averages is the idea that something is sure to happen at some time, because of the number of times it generally happens or is expected to happen. 平均律

  • On the law of averages we just can't go on losing.

    根据平均律，我们不会再输下去了。

13 PHRASE 根据法律；依法 If you have to do something by law or if you are not allowed to do something by law, the law states that you have to do it or that you are not allowed to do it. 根据法律；依法

  • By law all restaurants must display their prices outside.

    根据法律，所有餐厅都必须在店外明示用餐价格。

  • Minicabs are prohibited by law from touting passers-by for business.

    无标志的预约型出租车沿街拉客是非法的。

14 PHRASE [VERB inflects] 诉诸法律；提起诉讼；打官司 If you go to law, you go to court in order to get a legal judgment on a dispute. 诉诸法律；提起诉讼；打官司 [mainly British]

  • He went to law and did not succeed in his claim against us.

    他告上了法庭，但没有告赢我们。

15 PHRASE （自以为是地）发号施令 If you say that someone lays down the law, you are critical of them because they give other people orders and they think that they are always right. （自以为是地）发号施令 [disapproval]

  • ...traditional parents, who believed in laying down the law for their offspring.

    认为应对子女发号施令的传统的家长们

SYN be dogmatic, call the shots [informal] , pontificate, rule the roost
16 PHRASE 不通过法律自行解决，以暴代法（以惩罚他人或摆平某事） If someone takes the law into their own hands, they punish someone or do something to put a situation right, instead of waiting for the police or the legal system to take action. 不通过法律自行解决，以暴代法（以惩罚他人或摆平某事）

  • The speeding motorist was pinned to the ground by angry locals who took the law into their own hands until police arrived.

    愤怒的当地人以暴代法—将超速司机强行按在地上，直至警察赶来。

17 PHRASE （无视法律或惯例而）我行我素，自行其是 If you say that someone is a law unto himself or herself, you mean that they behave in an independent way, ignoring laws, rules, or conventional ways of doing things. （无视法律或惯例而）我行我素，自行其是

  • Some of the landowners were a law unto themselves. There was nobody to check their excesses and they exploited the people.

    某些土地所有者目无法纪。他们横行霸道，鱼肉乡民。

18 Sod's law→see: sod 
Quotations
The end of the law is, not to abolish or restrain, but to preserve and enlarge freedom John Locke Second Treatise of Civil Government
It may be true that the law cannot make a man love me, but it can keep him from lynching me, and I think that's pretty important Martin Luther King Jr.
The law is a causeway upon which so long as he keeps to it a citizen may walk safely Robert Bolt A Man For All Seasons
No brilliance is needed in the law. Nothing but common sense, and relatively clean finger nails John Mortimer A Voyage Round My Father
A jury consists of twelve persons chosen to decide who has the better lawyer Robert Frost
Laws were made to be broken John Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae
The Common Law of England has been laboriously built about a mythical figure - the figure of "The Reasonable Man" A.P. Herbert Uncommon Law
We do not get good laws to restrain bad people. We get good people to restrain bad laws G.K. Chesterton All Things Considered
The law is a ass - a idiot Charles Dickens Oliver Twist
Ignorance of the law excuses no man; not that all men know the law, but because 'tis an excuse every man will plead, and no man can tell how to confute him John Selden Table Talk
Written laws are like spider's webs; they will catch, it is true, the weak and poor, but would be torn in pieces by the rich and powerful Anacharsis
Law is a bottomless pit Dr. Arbuthnot The History of John Bull
It is better that ten guilty persons escape than one innocent suffer William Blackstone Commentaries on the Laws of England
The one great principle of the English law is to make business for itself Charles Dickens Bleak House
No poet ever interpreted nature as freely as a lawyer interprets the truth Jean Giraudoux La Guerre de Troie n'aura pas lieu
The laws of most countries are far worse than the people who execute them, and many of them are only able to remain laws by being seldom or never carried into effect John Stuart Mill The Subjection of Women
Trends of law
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IELTS BNC: 278 COCA: 287
law

noun¹

 1official rule/rules法規  ➡ see also martial law ADJECTIVE | VERB + LAW | LAW + VERB | LAW + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤administrative, case, civil, common, constitutional, criminal, statute, etc.行政法、判例法、民法、習慣法、憲法、刑法、成文法等➤abortion, bankruptcy, business, contract, divorce, employment, family, immigration, labour/labor, libel, tax, etc.墮胎法、破產法、商業法、合同法、離婚法、用工法、家庭法、移民法、勞動法、誹謗法、稅法等➤federal, international, state聯邦法；國際法；州的法律➤clear清楚的法律◇The law is clear: bribery is wrong.法律規定很清楚：賄賂是違法的。➤unclear, vague不清晰的／模糊的法律➤harsh, strict, stringent, tough嚴酷的／嚴格的／嚴厲的／嚴苛的法律◇Environmental laws are strict about polluting precious water.環境法對珍貴水源的污染有嚴格的規定。➤discriminatory, unconstitutional, unjust歧視性／違憲的／不公正的法律◇We believe this law is unconstitutional.我們認為該法違憲。➤liberal寬鬆的法律➤restrictive限制性法律◇the passage of a restrictive immigration law in 19241924 年一項限制性移民法的通過➤Jewish, Talmudic猶太教法；《塔木德》法典➤Islamic, sharia伊斯蘭教教法VERB + LAW➤become成為法律◇A presidential veto prevented the bill from becoming law.總統的否決使該議案沒能成為法律。◇Parliament voted for the bill to become law.議會投票通過，使議案成為法律。➤apply, enforce, implement, uphold適用法律；執法；維法◇It's the job of the police to enforce the law.執法是警察的工作。➤follow, obey, observe, respect守法；尊重法律▸➤break, flout, violate違法；無視法律▸➤adopt, create, enact, introduce, pass通過法律；制訂法律；推行法律▸➤overturn, repeal廢止法律➤amend, change, reform, revise修正／改變／改革／修訂法律◇Congress amended the law in 1998.國會於 1998 年對該法進行了修正。➤draft, write起草／撰寫法律◇the legislators who drafted the law起草該法的立法人員➤interpret解釋法律◇Judges interpret this law in different ways.法官對這條法律的解釋各有不同。LAW + VERB➤allow sth, authorize sth, permit sth法律允許⋯／批准⋯／許可⋯➤recognize sth法律承認⋯◇a law recognizing civil unions for same-sex couples承認同性伴侶民事結合的法律➤ban sth, forbid sth, prohibit sth法律禁止⋯◇The law forbids gambling of any kind.法律禁止任何形式的賭博。➤limit sth, restrict sth法律限制⋯◇a law limiting the hours of work to ten hours per day禁止日工作時間超過 10 小時的法律➤criminalize sth法律規定⋯為犯罪◇Laws criminalizing same-sex relationships were ruled unconstitutional.規定同性戀關係為犯罪的法律被判違憲。➤mandate sth, require sth法律要求⋯◇The wearing of a crash helmet is required by law.法律要求必須佩戴安全帽。➤govern sth, regulate sth法律規定⋯◇the law governing school attendance規定就學的法律◇the laws regulating firearms槍械管理的相關法律➤apply to sb/sth, cover sb/sth法律適用於⋯／覆蓋⋯◇The law applies equally to businesses large and small.該法律同樣適用於所有公司，無論大小。LAW + NOUN➤court (BrE) (also court of law (BrE, , NAmE)) 法庭➤case, suit (usually lawsuit) 案件；訴訟◇lawsuits filed by women against employers婦女針對雇主提起的訴訟➤enforcement執法◇The building was raided by law enforcement agents.該大樓受到了執法人員的突擊搜查。➤violation (NAmE) 違法➤reform法律改革◇the broader implications of copyright law reform版權法改革的更廣泛意義➤clerk, partner (both NAmE) 律師助理；律師事務所合夥人➤office, practice (both NAmE) 律師事務所；法律實務◇She lost her job at a Boston law office.她丟掉了在波士頓一家律師事務所的工作。➤license (NAmE) 律師執照➤book, journal, review法律書籍／期刊／評論◇a room filled with law books滿是法律書籍的房間➤library法律圖書館PREPOSITION➤above the law凌駕於法律之上◇No one is above the law.任何人都不能凌駕於法律之上。➤against the law違法◇What you did was clearly against the law.你這樣做明顯違法。➤beyond the law超越法律◇individuals who are acting beyond the law超越法律行事的個人➤by law依據法律◇By law, you are obliged to install smoke alarms in the factory.依據法律，你有義務在工廠安裝煙霧報警器。➤outside the law不合法◇rebels who live outside the law非法的叛亂分子➤within the law在法律許可之內◇The company is operating entirely within the law.這家公司的運作完全是合法的。➤law against禁止⋯的法律◇a local law against keeping horses禁止養馬的地方法➤law concerning, law on, law regarding, law relating to關於⋯的法律；⋯法；與⋯相關的法律◇the law concerning industrial action ballots關於勞工行動投票的法律◇A law on hunting will cause a lot of disagreements.狩獵法將引起很多爭議。◇the laws regarding child actors兒童演員的相關法律◇the law relating to the sale of goods商品銷售的相關法律PHRASES➤as the law stands (BrE) 依照法律規定◇As the law stands, you can get married at sixteen.根據法律規定，16 歲就可以結婚。➤law and order法律與秩序◇Martial law was imposed to prevent the breakdown of law and order.為了防止治安陷入癱瘓，實施了戒嚴。➤the law of the land國家法律◇The Civil Rights Act of 1964 became the law of the land on July 2, 1964.1964 年的《民權法案》於 1964 年 7 月 2 日成為了國家法律。➤the letter of the law法律的字面意義◇In spite of the difficulties it would cause her family, the judge stuck to the letter of the law and jailed her.儘管會給她的家庭帶來困難，法官還是嚴格依據法律條文判她入獄。➤take the law into your own hands無視法律擅自處理◇When police failed to arrest the suspect, local people took the law into their own hands.由於警察沒有逮捕嫌疑人，當地的人們便擅自處理。
law

noun²

 2subject of study/profession法學；律師行業VERB + LAW | LAW + NOUN VERB + LAW➤practise/practice當律師LAW + NOUN➤firm律師事務所➤school (NAmE) (BrE) 法學院◇She's in law school. (NAmE) 她在法學院就讀。◇She's at law school. (BrE) 她在法學院就讀。  ➡ note at subject (for more verbs and nouns)
IELTS BNC: 278 COCA: 287
law noun
⇨ law (against the law) ⇨ principle 2 (moral laws) ⇨ rule (strict gun laws) ⇨ theory 1 (Newton's laws) ⇨ lay down the law ⇨ dictate to sb phrasal verb ⇨ law and order, the rule of law ⇨ peace law

noun

law ♦︎ legislation ♦︎ constitution ♦︎ code ♦︎ charterThese are all words for a system or set of rules or principles which govern a country or organization. 这些词均表示国家的法律法规或机构的章程。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆legislation / a charter on sth◆under / in the legislation / constitution / code / charter◆(a) draft legislation / constitution / code / charter◆(the) civil / criminal law / legislation / code◆(the) state / federal law / legislation / constitution◆to draw up / draft / adopt / approve / amend legislation / a constitution / a code / a charter◆to break the law / a code◆to contravene legislation / a constitution / a code◆to be enshrined in law / legislation / the constitution / a charter◆the law / legislation / the constitution forbids sth◆legislation / the constitution / a charter guarantees sth■ law ( the law) [uncountable] the system of rules that everyone in a country or society must obey; a particular branch of this system 法律（体系）；法规◆In Sweden it is against the law to hit a child.在瑞典打孩子是违法的。◆Defence attorneys can use any means within the law to get their client off.辩护律师可以在法律允许的范围内利用任何手段使当事人免于处罚。◆British schools are now required by law to publish their exam results.按现行法律规定，英国的学校须公布考试结果。◆The reforms have recently become law.最近已立法保证这些改革措施。◆He specializes in international law.他专攻国际法。  see also law ⇨ rule noun ■ legislation ˌledʒɪsˈleɪʃn [uncountable] a law or set of laws passed by a parliament 法规；法律◆The civil rights campaign resulted in legislation against segregation.那次民权运动的结果是通过了反对隔离的法规。◆There were calls for legislation to ban smoking in public places.人们呼吁立法禁止在公共场所吸烟。◆The government is trying to push through a controversial piece of legislation.政府正试图通过一项有争议的法规。  see also legislate ⇨ rule verb 2 ■ constitution ˌkɒnstɪˈtjuːʃn; NAmE ˌkɑːnstəˈtuːʃn [countable] the system of laws and basic principles that a state, country or organization is governed by 宪法；章程◆These rights are established in the federal constitution.这些权利是联邦宪法中所规定的。◆A two-thirds majority is needed to amend the club's constitution.俱乐部章程的修订需经三分之二的俱乐部成员同意。■ code [countable] a system of laws or written rules that state how people in an organization or country should behave 法典；法规；规定◆The company has drawn up a new disciplinary code.公司已经起草了一项新的纪律规定。◆The law includes amendments to the penal code.该法律包括几条刑法修正案。■ charter [countable] a written statement describing the rights that a particular group of people should have; a written statement of the principles and aims of an organization 权利宪章；规章；章程◆He fought for a social charter of workers' rights.他为出台一部保障工人权利的社会宪章而斗争。◆Minority rights are protected by the UN charter.少数族裔的权利受到联合国宪章的保护。
IELTS BNC: 278 COCA: 287

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