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control noun
⇨ control (under enemy control) ⇨ button 1 (the controls of an aircraft) ⇨ limit 1 (traffic/arms control) ⇨ bring/get/keep sth under control ⇨ overcome verb control verb
⇨ control (control a child) ⇨ limit (control inflation) ⇨ operate (This knob controls the volume.) ⇨ overcome (control the pain) ⇨ run 2 (control a company) ⇨ suppress 2 (control your temper) control control ♦︎ power ♦︎ rule ♦︎ authority ♦︎ jurisdiction ♦︎ discipline ♦︎ command ♦︎ hold ♦︎ grasp ♦︎ force These are all words for the ability that a person or group has to control sb/sth else. 这些词均表示控制力、操纵力。 PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配 ◆ control / power / rule / authority / jurisdiction / command / a hold over sb / sth ◆ a hold / grasp on sb / sth ◆ to be in control / power / authority / command / force ◆ to be under sb's control / rule / authority / jurisdiction / command ◆ to be beyond / outside the control / power / authority / jurisdiction of sb ◆ the power / authority / jurisdiction to do sth ◆ absolute / complete control / power / authority / command◆ direct control / rule / authority / command◆ to have control / power / authority / jurisdiction / command / a hold over sb / force ◆ to exercise control / power / authority / jurisdiction ◆ to take control / power / command ◆ to assume control / power / authority / command ◆ to give sb control / power / authority / jurisdiction / command / a hold over sb ◆ to delegate power / authority / command (to sb) ◆ to lose control / power / authority / command / your hold on sth ◆ to relinquish control / power / command / your hold on sth ■ control [uncountable ] the power to make decisions about how a country, an area, an organization or sb's life is run; the ability to make sb/sth do what you want （对国家、地区、机构或人的）管理权，控制权，支配权；控制（或操纵）能力 ◆ The party is expecting to gain control of the council in the next election.该党期待着下次选举能获得对地方议会的控制权。 ◆ The aim is to give people more control over their own lives.目的是让人能对自己的生活有更多的自主权。 ◆ The city is under enemy control .那座城市在敌人控制之下。 ◆ The teacher had no control over the children.那个老师管不住学生。 ◆ She struggled to keep control of her voice.她竭力控制住自己的声音。 ◆ She lost control of her car on the ice.她在冰上开车失去了控制。 ◆ Owing to circumstances beyond our control the flight to Rome has been cancelled.由于出现了无法控制的情况，飞往罗马的航班已经取消。 self-control ⇨ restraint , controlled ⇨ disciplined ■ power [uncountable ] the ability to control people or things; political control of a country or area 控制力；影响力；统治；政权 ◆ He has the power to make life very difficult for us.他权力很大，可以把我们整得狼狈不堪。 ◆ The Emperor had absolute power over all his subjects.皇帝对所有的臣民拥有绝对权力。 ◆ She was determined to go through with her plan, now that she had him in her power (= was able to do what she liked with him) .既然可以摆布他，她决定把她的计划实施到底。 ◆ The party came to power at the last election.该党在上次选举中当选执政。 ◆ He seized power in a military coup.他在一次军事政变中夺了权。 ◆ It was the beginning of a power struggle between rival factions within the party.这是该党内部对立派系间权力斗争的开始。 ◆ The war brought about a shift in the balance of power .那场战争使势力的均衡发生了转变。 office ⇨ role ■ rule [uncountable ] the government of a country or area by a particular person, group or political system （特定的人、团体或政治体系对国家或地区的）统治，管理 ◆ There was a gradual process of returning the country to civilian rule.将那个国家恢复到文官统治经历了一个渐进的过程。 ◆ The country remained under direct rule by the occupying powers.那个国家仍在占领势力的直接统治下。 ⓘ Rule often refers to control by an outside country or group, by a political system which allows little freedom, or sth which contrasts with this. * rule常指外国或外部集团的控制，以及专制或非专制政体的统治 ◆ colonial / British / Ottoman rule殖民地的／英国的／奥斯曼的统治 ◆ Fascist / military rule法西斯主义／军事统治 ◆ a return to civilian / democratic / majority rule回到文官／民主／多数派统治 rule ⇨ rule verb 1 ■ authority [uncountable ] the power to give orders to people 权力；威权；当权 ◆ She now has authority over the people who used to be her bosses.她现在管辖着曾是她上司的那些人。 ◆ Nothing will be done because no one in authority (= who has the power to do sth) takes the matter seriously.什么也办不了，因为掌权的谁也不认真对待这个问题。 ■ jurisdiction ˌdʒʊərɪsˈdɪkʃn; NAmE ˌdʒʊrɪsˈdɪkʃn [uncountable , countable ] (formal ) the power that an official organization has to make legal decisions about sb/sth 司法权；审判权；管辖权 ◆ These matters do not fall within our jurisdiction .这些事情不归我们管辖。 ◆ The agreement doesn't come under the jurisdiction of the EU courts.该协议不归欧盟法院管辖。 ■ discipline [uncountable ] the practice of training people to obey rules and orders and punishing them if they do not; the controlled behaviour or situation that results from this training 守纪训练；训导；纪律；风纪 ◆ The school has a reputation for high standards of discipline.这所学校以纪律严明著称。 ◆ Strict discipline is imposed on army recruits.新兵受到严格的纪律训练。 ◆ She keeps good discipline in class.她严格执行课堂纪律。 discipline ⇨ punish verb , disciplined ⇨ disciplined , self-discipline ⇨ restraint ■ command [uncountable ] the power to give orders to a group of people, especially in the armed forces or police （尤指对军队或警察的）控制，管辖，指挥 ◆ He has 1 200 men under his command.他掌管着1 200人。 ◆ Who's in command here?这里谁主事？ ◆ The police arrived and took command of the situation.警方到达后控制了局势。 command ⇨ order verb 1 , command ⇨ run 2 ■ hold [singular ] influence or control over a person or situation （对人或局势的）影响，控制 ◆ What she knew about his past gave her a hold over him.她知道他的过去，所以能够控制他。 ◆ Enemy forces have consolidated their hold on the northern province.敌军已经巩固了他们对北部省份的控制。 ■ grasp [singular ] (informal ) control over a situation, especially when it is hard to hold on to （尤指对难以控制的局势的）掌控 ◆ The company continues to maintain its grasp on the business computer market.那家公司继续维持着对商用电脑市场的控制。 ◆ Don't let the situation escape from your grasp.别让局面失控。 NOTE 辨析 hold is stronger than a grasp . You have, strengthen or consolidate a hold . A grasp has to be maintained or things may slip or escape from it. 表达此义时，hold语气比grasp强。hold可以作have、strengthen或consolidate的宾语。grasp则可以作maintain、slip或escape from的宾语。 ■ force [uncountable ] the authority of a law or rule （法律或规定的）权力，效力 ◆ These guidelines do not have the force of law .这些指导原则不具有法律效力。 ◆ The court ruled that these standards have force in British law.法院裁定，这些标准在英国法律中具有效力。 control control ♦︎ handle ♦︎ manage These words all mean to have power over sb/sth so that you are able to decide what a person must do or how sth will work. 这些词均表示指挥、控制、掌管。 PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配 ◆ to control / manage a child ◆ to be easy / difficult to control / handle / manage ◆ to control / handle / manage sb / sth properly ◆ to control / manage sb / sth effectively ■ control [transitive ] to have power over a person so that you are able to make them do or behave as you say 指挥；控制；掌管 ◆ Can't you control your children?你就不能管管你的孩子吗？ ◆ Time out is an effective way of controlling aggressive behaviour .暂停是控制攻击性行为的有效方法。 ◆ Mounted police had been called to control the crowds .已召来骑警控制人群。 uncontrollable ⇨ uncontrollable ■ handle [transitive ] to control a vehicle, animal, tool or machine, so that it does what you want it to 控制，操纵（车辆、动物、工具或机器） ◆ I wasn't sure if I could handle such a powerful car.我没把握是否能驾驶功率这么大的车。 ◆ She's a difficult horse to handle.那是一匹桀骜不驯的母马。 ■ manage [transitive ] to keep sb/sth under control, so that it doesn't cause you problems 控制住；操纵；能对付 ◆ It's like trying to manage an unruly child.这就像试图管住一个任性的孩子。 ◆ I really liked the chapter about how to manage stress.我真的很喜欢如何应付压力那一章。 ◆ They have learnt to successfully manage their diabetes.他们已经学会控制住自己的糖尿病。 unmanageable ⇨ uncontrollable
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