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IELTS BNC: 332 COCA: 410
fall verb
⇨ fall 1 (the temperature falls) ⇨ fall 2 (fall into the river) ⇨ fall 3 (slip and fall on the ice) ⇨ rain (rain/snow falls)fall noun
⇨ overthrow (the rise and fall of the Roman Empire) ⇨ reduction (a fall in popularity)fall1

verb

 the temperature falls 温度下降fall into the river 掉进河里slip and fall on the ice 在冰上滑一跤  ➡ See also the entry for slump 另见slump条fall ♦︎ decline ♦︎ drop ♦︎ diminish ♦︎ decrease ♦︎ sink ♦︎ come downThese are all words that can be used when the amount, level or number of sth goes down. 这些词均表示数量减少或程度下降。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to fall / decline / drop / diminish / decrease / sink / come down by 100, 25%, a half, etc.◆to fall / decline / drop / decrease / sink / come down from 15 000 to 1 000◆to decline / diminish / decrease / come down in number, level, size, etc.◆to decline / diminish / decrease with age, time, experience, etc.◆numbers fall / decline / drop / diminish / decrease / come down◆levels fall / decline / drop / decrease◆prices / rates fall / decline / drop / decrease / sink / come down◆profits / sales fall / decline / drop / decrease / sink◆the temperature falls / drops◆sb's voice falls / drops / sinks◆to fall / decline / drop / diminish / decrease / sink sharply / rapidly◆to fall / decline / drop / decrease dramatically / suddenly◆to fall / decline / drop / diminish / decrease slightly / slowly / gradually / steadily■ fall (fell, fallen) [intransitive, transitive] to become lower or less in level, number or strength （数量）减少；（水平）下降；（强度）减小◆Their profits have fallen by 30 per cent.他们的利润减少了30%。◆The temperature fell sharply in the night.夜间温度陡降。◆Falling birth rates could have an impact on future economic growth.下降的出生率可能会对未来的经济增长产生影响。◆ (written) Her voice fell to a whisper.她的声音变小，成了耳语。◆Share prices fell 30p.股价下跌了30便士。OPP rise ⇨ rise   see also fall ⇨ reduction noun ■ decline dɪˈklaɪn [intransitive] (rather formal, especially written) to become lower or less in level, number, size, strength or importance （水平、数量、大小、强度或重要性）减少，下降，衰退◆The number of tourists visiting the resort declined by 10% last year.去年到这个胜地旅游的人数减少了10%。◆Manufacturing industry has slowly declined in importance.制造业已慢慢变得不如从前那么重要了。OPP increase ⇨ rise   see also decline ⇨ reduction noun ■ drop (-pp-) [intransitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to become lower or less in level, number or strength （数量）减少；（水平）下降；（强度）减小◆The Dutch team have dropped to fifth place.荷兰队已降至第五名。◆At last the wind dropped.风势终于减弱了。OPP rise , climb ⇨ rise   see also drop ⇨ reduction noun NOTE 辨析 Fall, decline or drop?In many cases you can use any of these words. 这些词在很多情况下可以通用◆Sales have fallen / declined / dropped by 20%.销售额下降了20%。They can all be used to talk about numbers, levels, rates, prices, profits and sales. To talk about a loss of economic strength in a particular place or industry, use decline. 这些词均可描述数量、水平、比率、价格、利润和销售额。描述特定地方或行业的经济实力衰退用decline◆The area / city / industry / market / sector has declined (in importance).该地区／城市／行业／市场／领域（的重要性）降低了。You can also use decline to talk about support for or interest in sth, or a person's health. A person's voice can fall or drop. Temperatures fall or drop. The wind can only drop. Things can fall or decline over a period of time, but drop cannot be used in the progressive tenses. * decline还可表示对事物的支持减少、兴趣下降或人的健康状况恶化。人的声音变小或温度下降用fall或drop均可。风势减弱只能用drop。fall和decline均可指在一段时间内减少、下降，而drop不能用于进行时◆Sales have been falling / declining.销售额一直在下降。◆falling / declining sales下降的销售额◆Sales have been dropping. ◆dropping sales ■ diminish dɪˈmɪnɪʃ [intransitive] (rather formal, especially written) to become lower or less in number, amount or strength （数目、数量或强度）减少，下降，变弱◆The world's resources are rapidly diminishing.世界的资源正在迅速减少。◆His influence has diminished with time.随着时间的推移，他的影响已不如从前了。◆Our efforts were producing diminishing returns (= we achieved less although we spent more time or money).我们加大了投入，收益却在递减。ⓘ Numbers and amounts of sth can diminish, but figures, rates, levels, profits and sales cannot. * diminish可与number和amount搭配，指数量减少，但不能表示数字、比率、水平、利润和销售额下降。 OPP enhance ⇨ improve 1 ■ decrease [intransitive] (rather formal) to fall in number or level （数量）减少；（水平）下降◆The number of new students decreased from 210 to 160 this year.今年新生人数从210减少到160。◆The number of quarrels among children decreases with age (= the older they are, the fewer quarrels they have).儿童间争吵的次数随着年龄增长而减少。OPP increase ⇨ rise   see also decrease ⇨ reduction noun ■ sink (sank, sunk) [intransitive] (especially business 尤用于商业) to fall in value or strength （价值或强度）降低，减弱◆The pound has sunk to its lowest recorded level against the dollar.英镑对美元的比价已降到历史新低。◆His voice sank almost to a whisper.他的声音渐低，几乎成了耳语。 OPP rise ⇨ rise ■ ˌcome ˈdown

phrasal verb

(came, come)(especially of prices) to fall in level （尤指价格）下降，降低◆The price of gas is coming down.煤气价格在下跌。◆Gas is coming down in price.煤气价格在下跌。OPP go up ⇨ rise fall2

verb

 the temperature falls 温度下降fall into the river 掉进河里slip and fall on the ice 在冰上滑一跤fall ♦︎ go down (sth) ♦︎ come down (sth) ♦︎ descend ♦︎ drop ♦︎ sink ♦︎ crash ♦︎ tumble ♦︎ topple ♦︎ plungeThese words all mean to move downwards, especially suddenly and/or by accident. 这些词均表示落下，尤指突然或意外地掉落、跌落。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to fall / go / come / drop / sink / crash / tumble down◆to go down / come down / descend the stairs / steps◆to go down / come down / descend a ladder◆to fall / plunge to your death■ fall (fell, fallen) [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to go from a higher place to a lower place, especially suddenly and/or by accident （尤指突然或意外地）落下，掉落，跌落◆Several of the books had fallen onto the floor.这些书有几本掉到了地上。◆One of the kids fell into the river.其中有一个小孩掉进了河里。◆September had come and the leaves were starting to fall.已到9月了，树叶开始凋落。◆He fell 23 metres onto the rocks below.他掉到下面23米处的岩石上。▸ fall

noun

 [countable] ◆She was killed in a fall from a horse.她从马背上掉下来摔死了。■ ˌgo ˈdown sth■ ˌgo ˈdown

phrasal verb

(goes, went, gone)to move from a higher place to a lower place; to fall to the ground 向下移动；落下；倒在地上◆I've been going up and down the stairs all day.我一整天都在楼梯上跑来跑去的。◆The sun went down below the horizon.太阳落到了地平线下。◆She tripped and went down with a bump.她绊了一下，重重地摔倒在地上。 OPP go up (sth) ⇨ climb ■ ˌcome ˈdown sth■ ˌcome ˈdown

phrasal verb

(came, come)to move from a higher place to a lower place; to break and fall to the ground 向下移动；崩塌；坍塌◆She came down the steps two at a time.她一步跨两级地走下台阶。◆The ceiling came down with a terrific crash.随着一声可怕的巨响，天花板塌了下来。 OPP go up (sth) ⇨ climb NOTE 辨析 Go down or come down? Go is usually used from the point of view of the person who is moving somewhere. Come is usually used from the point of view of the person or place that sb/sth is moving to or towards. * go通常是从行进者的角度出发，come通常是从目的地的角度出发。■ descend dɪˈsend [intransitive, transitive] (formal) to go down from a higher place to a lower place 下去；下降◆The plane began to descend.飞机开始降落。◆She descended the stairs slowly.她缓慢地走下楼梯。 OPP ascend ⇨ climb ▸ descent

noun

 [countable, usually singular] ◆The plane began its descent to Heathrow.飞机开始向希思罗机场降落。■ drop (-pp-) [intransitive] to fall by accident; to fall or sit down, especially because you are no longer able to stand （意外地）落下，掉下；（尤指因无法再站立而）倒下，坐下◆The climber slipped and dropped to his death.那个攀登者一失足掉下去摔死了。◆He staggered in and dropped into a chair.他摇摇晃晃地走了进来，一屁股坐在椅子上。■ sink (sank, sunk) [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) (of a person) to move downwards, especially by falling or sitting down; (of an object) to move slowly downwards （人）倒下，坐下；（物体）下沉，下陷◆She sank back into her seat.她坐回椅子上。◆The old man had sunk to his knees.老头跪了下去。◆The foundations of the building are starting to sink.楼房的地基开始下陷。■ crash [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to hit sth hard while moving, causing noise and/or damage 猛撞；碰撞◆A brick crashed through the window.砖块哗啦一声砸穿了窗户。◆With a sweep of his hand he sent the glasses crashing to the floor.他一挥手把眼镜碰到地上摔碎了。◆The door crashed open.门砰的一声给砸开了。■ tumble [intransitive] to fall suddenly and in a dramatic way 倒塌；坍塌◆The scaffolding came tumbling down.脚手架突然坍塌。▸ tumble

noun

 [countable, usually singular] ◆The jockey took a nasty tumble at the third fence.骑师在第三道栅栏处重重摔下马来。■ topple [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to become unsteady and fall down （失去平衡而）坠落，倒塌，倒下◆The pile of books toppled over.那摞书倒了。■ plunge [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to move suddenly forwards and/or downwards 突然前冲（或下落）◆She lost her balance and plunged 100 feet to her death.她没有站稳，从100英尺的高处跌下摔死了。fall3

verb

 the temperature falls 温度下降fall into the river 掉进河里slip and fall on the ice 在冰上滑一跤fall ♦︎ fall over ♦︎ stumble ♦︎ trip ♦︎ fall downThese words all mean to stop standing suddenly. 这些词均表示突然倒下、跌倒。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to stumble / trip over sth■ fall (fell, fallen) (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) [intransitive] (especially written) to suddenly stop standing 突然倒下；跌倒◆She slipped and fell on the ice.她在冰上滑了一跤。■ ˌfall ˈover

phrasal verb

(fell, fallen) (especially spoken) to suddenly stop standing 突然倒下；跌倒◆I fell over and cut my knee.我跌倒划破了膝盖。■ stumble [intransitive] to hit your foot against sth while you are walking or running and fall or almost fall 绊脚◆The child stumbled and fell.孩子绊了一下，摔倒了。◆I stumbled over a rock.我在石头上绊了一下。■ trip (-pp-) [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to catch your foot on sth and fall or almost fall 绊；绊倒◆Someone will trip over that cable.有人会让那条电缆绊倒的。◆Be careful you don't trip up on the step.你小心别在台阶上绊倒了。■ ˌfall ˈdown

phrasal verb

(fell, fallen)to suddenly stop standing 突然倒下；跌倒◆The house looked as if it was about to fall down.那座房子看起来摇摇欲坠。NOTE 辨析 Fall, fall over or fall down? Fall and fall over are only used to talk about people in this meaning; fall down can be used to talk about people, buildings, or other structures that can stand and then suddenly stop standing. Fall is used more in writing. In British English fall over is used more in speech. In American English fall down is used more in speech. * fall和fall over表达此义时只用于人，fall down可用于人、建筑物或其他可以直立而又突然倒下的结构体。fall多用于书面语。fall over多用于英式英语的口语。 fall down多用于美式英语的口语。

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