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IELTS BNC: 32 COCA: 19
say
seɪ seɪ
Word forms: 3rd person singular present tense says/sez/, present participle saying, past tense , past participle said/sed/
1 VERB 说;讲 When you say something, you speak words. 说;讲 [Also VERB to-infinitive]

  • 'I'm sorry,' he said. [VERB with quote]

    “对不起，”他说。

  • She said they were very impressed. [VERB that]

    她说他们被深深打动了。

  • Forty-one people are said to have been seriously hurt. [be VERB-ed to-infinitive]

    据说 41 人身负重伤。

  • I packed and said goodbye to Charlie. [VERB noun + to]

    我收拾好行李然后和查利道别。

  • I hope you didn't say anything about Gretchen. [VERB noun]

    我希望你对格蕾琴的事只字未提。

  • You didn't say much when you telephoned. [VERB noun]

    你打电话时没说太多。

  • Did he say where he was going?. [VERB wh]

    他说了要去哪里吗？

  • It doesn't sound exactly orthodox, if I may say so. [V so]

    恕我直言，那听起来不太符合常规。

SYN speak, utter, voice, express
2 VERB (表达观点或陈述事实，否定用法表示婉转暗示某事并非事实)说，表示 You use say in expressions such as I would just like to say to introduce what you are actually saying, or to indicate that you are expressing an opinion or admitting a fact. If you state that you can't say something or you wouldn't say something, you are indicating in a polite or indirect way that it is not the case. (表达观点或陈述事实，否定用法表示婉转暗示某事并非事实)说，表示

  • I would just like to say that this is the most hypocritical thing I have ever heard in my life. [VERB that]

    我只想说这是我这辈子听说过的最虚伪的事情。

  • I have to say I didn't even know Fox Lane Police Station existed till about four or five years ago. [VERB that]

    我必须承认直到四五年前我才知道有福克斯巷警察局 。

  • I must say that rather shocked me, too. [VERB that]

    我得说那也让我相当震惊。

  • Dead? Well, I can't say I'm sorry. [VERB that]

    死了？嗯，我不觉得难过。

SYN make known, reveal, disclose, divulge
3 VERB 告知;宣称;表明 You can mention the contents of a piece of writing by mentioning what it says or what someone says in it. 告知;宣称;表明

  • The report says there is widespread and routine torture of political prisoners in the country. [VERB that]

    这份报告称该国一直普遍存在折磨政治犯的现象。

  • Auntie Winnie wrote back saying Mam wasn't well enough to write. [VERB that]

    温妮姨妈回信说妈妈身体尚未康复，无法写信。

  • You can't have one without the other, as the song says. [VERB with quote]

    就像歌里唱的那样，两者密不可分，不能只取其一。

  • 'Highly inflammable,' it says on the spare canister. [VERB with quote]

    备用罐上写着“高度易燃”。

  • Jung believed that God speaks to us in dreams. The Bible says so too. [V so]

    荣格认为上帝在梦中和我们交谈。圣经上也如是说。

4 VERB (自己)想，琢磨;自忖 If you say something to yourself, you think it. (自己)想，琢磨;自忖

  • Perhaps I'm still dreaming, I said to myself. [VERB + to]

    也许我还在做梦，我心里想。

  • 'Keep your temper,' he said to himself. [V to pron-refl with quote]

    “别生气，”他暗暗告诉自己。

5 N-SING [oft more/some N] 发言权;决定权 If you have a say in something, you have the right to give your opinion and influence decisions relating to it. 发言权;决定权

  • You can get married at sixteen, and yet you haven't got a say in the running of the country.

    你 16 岁时可以结婚，但还无权参与国家政事。

  • The students wanted more say in the government of the university. [+ in]

    学生们想更多地参与大学的管理。

SYN influence, power, control, authority
6 VERB (钟、刻度盘、地图等)表明，指向，显示 You indicate the information given by something such as a clock, dial, or map by mentioning what it says . (钟、刻度盘、地图等)表明，指向，显示

  • The clock said four minutes past eleven. [VERB noun]

    钟显示时间是 11 点 4 分。

  • The map says there's six of them. [VERB that]

    地图上显示共有六处。

SYN read, show, display, indicate
7 VERB 说明;表明;表示 If something says something about a person, situation, or thing, it gives important information about them. 说明;表明;表示

  • I think that says a lot about how well Seles is playing. [V amount + about]

    我认为那很能说明塞勒斯表现得有多出色。

  • The appearance of the place and the building says something about the importance of the project. [VERB noun + about]

    从周边环境和这幢大楼的外观可以看出这个项目的举足轻重。

SYN suggest, reveal, express, imply
8 VERB 说明，表示(…有很多优点) If something says a lot for a person or thing, it shows that this person or thing is very good or has a lot of good qualities. 说明，表示(…有很多优点)

  • It says a lot for him that he has raised his game to the level required. [V amount + for]

    他将比赛技能提至所要求的水平，这说明他颇有能耐。

  • It says much for Brookner's skill that the book is sad, but never depressing. [VERB noun + for]

    这本书笔调忧伤，却并不令人沮丧，这很能说明布鲁克纳超群的写作技巧。

9 VERB (通常表示说话者认为某人优点不多)我会这样形容他们/你可以这样形容他们 You use say in expressions such as I'll say that for them and you can say this for them after or before you mention a good quality that someone has, usually when you think they do not have many good qualities. (通常表示说话者认为某人优点不多)我会这样形容他们/你可以这样形容他们

  • He's usually smartly-dressed, I'll say that for him. [VERB noun + for]

    我能说的是，至少他通常穿着入时。

  • At the very least, he is devastatingly sure of himself, you can say that. [VERB noun]

    至少还可以说，他对自己是深信不疑的。

10 VERB 假定;假设 You can use say when you want to discuss something that might possibly happen or be true. 假定;假设

  • Say you could change anything about the world we live in, what would it be? [VERB that]

    假定你能对我们所生活的这个世界作出任意改变，你会改变什么呢？

11 比如说;比方说 You can use say or let's say when you mention something as an example. 比如说;比方说

  • To see the problem here more clearly, let's look at a different biological system, say, an acorn.

    为更清晰地理解此处的问题，我们来看一种不同的生物系统，比如说，橡子。

  • Someone with, say, between 300 and 500 acres could be losing thousands of pounds a year.

    比方说，拥有 300 到 500 英亩地的人，可能每年会损失几千英镑。

12 EXCLAM (用以唤起注意或表示惊讶、高兴、崇敬)嘿，喂，哎呀，啊 Say is used to attract someone's attention or to express surprise, pleasure, or admiration. (用以唤起注意或表示惊讶、高兴、崇敬)嘿，喂，哎呀，啊 [US, informal]

  • Say, Leo, how would you like to have dinner one night, just you and me?

    哎，利奥，找个晚上一起吃顿饭如何，就你和我？

Usage Note :

  • Note that, with the verb say, if you want to mention the person who is being addressed, you should use the preposition to. 'What did she say you?' is wrong. 'What did she say to you?' is correct. The verb tell, however, is usually followed by a direct object indicating the person who is being addressed. He told Alison he was suffering from leukaemia... What did she tell you? 'What did she tell to you?' is wrong. Say is the most general verb for reporting the words that someone speaks. Tell is used to report information that is given to someone. The manufacturer told me that the product did not contain corn. Tell can also be used with a 'to' infinitive to report an order or instruction. My mother told me to shut up and eat my dinner.

    注意，如果要在动词 say 后提及说话的对象，应用介词 to。What did she say you 是错误说法，What did she say to you 是正确的。但是，动词 tell 后通常直接跟表示说话对象的直接宾语。例如：He told Alison he was suffering from leukaemia (他告诉艾利森他得了白血病)，What did she tell you (她告诉你什么了)。What did she tell to you 是错误说法。say 是引述某人所说话的最常用动词。tell 用于传达提供给某人的信息：The manufacturer told me that the product did not contain corn (厂家告诉我该产品不含谷物)。tell 也可和带 to 的动词不定式连用表示引述命令或指示：My mother told me to shut up and eat my dinner (妈妈让我别说话好好吃饭)。

13 PHRASE 清楚说明事实;明确表达(…的)感觉 If you say that something says it all, you mean that it shows you very clearly the truth about a situation or someone's feelings. 清楚说明事实;明确表达(…的)感觉

  • This is my third visit in a week, which says it all.

    这是我一周内第3次拜访，这说明了一切。

14 CONVENTION (表示吃惊)不会吧;(亦常表示事实上并不吃惊)我一点也不觉得奇怪，用不着你说也知道 You can use 'You don't say' to express surprise at what someone has told you. People often use this expression to indicate that in fact they are not surprised. (表示吃惊)不会吧;(亦常表示事实上并不吃惊)我一点也不觉得奇怪，用不着你说也知道 [feelings]

  • 'I'm a writer.' — 'You don't say. What kind of book are you writing?'

    “我是作家。”—“不会吧。你写哪方面的书？”

15 PHRASE 值得称道之处;优点 If you say there is a lot to be said for something, you mean you think it has a lot of good qualities or aspects. 值得称道之处;优点

  • There's a lot to be said for being based in the country.

    把总部设在该国有很多优势。

16 PHRASE 寡言少语;不爱说话 If you say that someone doesn't have much to say for himself or herself, you mean that they are not speaking very much during a conversation. 寡言少语;不爱说话 [informal]

  • He's never got much to say for himself.

    他向来寡言少语。

17 PHRASE 你有什么好说的;你有什么要辩解的 If someone asks what you have to say for yourself, they are asking what excuse you have for what you have done. 你有什么好说的;你有什么要辩解的

  • 'Well,' she said eventually, 'what have you to say for yourself?'

    “那么”，她最后说，“你有什么好说的？”

18 PHRASE 显而易见;不言而喻;不用说 If something goes without saying, it is obvious. 显而易见;不言而喻;不用说

  • It goes without saying that if someone has lung problems they should not smoke.

    不用说，有肺病的人不应吸烟。

19 PHRASE 发表意见;阐述观点 When one of the people or groups involved in a discussion has their say, they give their opinion. 发表意见;阐述观点

  • The Football Association have had their say.

    足协已经发表了意见。

20 PHRASE [PHRASE cl] (用于对很多人不喜欢的人或事物表示赞赏时)随你怎么说,不管你怎么认为 You use 'Say what you like about someone or something' when you are about to mention one good thing about a person or thing that many people do not like. (用于对很多人不喜欢的人或事物表示赞赏时)随你怎么说,不管你怎么认为

  • Say what you like about them, but they did love their Mum.

    随你怎么说，但他们确实爱自己的妈妈。

21 CONVENTION (尤指乐于接受他人刚刚提出要给予自己的东西)我不反对，我没意见，好哇 You use 'I wouldn't say no' to indicate that you would like something, especially something that has just been offered to you. (尤指乐于接受他人刚刚提出要给予自己的东西)我不反对，我没意见，好哇 [informal, formulae]

  • I wouldn't say no to a drink. [+ to]

    我倒想喝一杯。

22 PHRASE [usu PHR adj] (引出语气更重或更极端的描述)即使不说是…,虽不能说… You can use not to say when adding a stronger or more extreme description than the one you have just used. (引出语气更重或更极端的描述)即使不说是…,虽不能说…

  • To those who've never received million dollar royalty cheques, this sounded a little odd, not to say offensive.

    对于那些从没有收到过上百万美元版权费的人来说，这听起来就算不令人反感，至少也让人觉得有点儿怪。

23 PHRASE 更不用说;何况 You use to say nothing of when you mention an additional thing which gives even more strength to the point you are making. 更不用说;何况

  • Unemployment leads to a sense of uselessness, to say nothing of financial problems.

    失业会让人觉得自己一无是处，更何况还会带来经济问题。

24 PHRASE [PHRASE with cl/group] (用于提醒别人所说话可能会具有冒犯性或令人震惊)可以说 You use shall I say and shall we say in order to warn someone that what you are about to say may cause offence or be surprising. (用于提醒别人所说话可能会具有冒犯性或令人震惊)可以说

  • ...whereas when you get older you're rather set in your ways, shall I say.

    然而随着年纪渐长，可以说，你的大局已定了。

  • My involvement has not been altogether, shall we say, ethical.

    可以说，我的参与还不是完全合乎道德。

25 PHRASE 亦即;也就是说;换句话说 You use that is to say or that's to say to indicate that you are about to express the same idea more clearly or precisely. 亦即;也就是说;换句话说 [formal]

  • ...territories that were occupied in 1967, that is to say, in the West Bank and Gaza.

    1967年被占的领土，也就是约旦河西岸和加沙地带的被占领土

26 CONVENTION 让你说对了;一点没错;我同意;说得太对了 You can use 'You can say that again' to express strong agreement with what someone has just said. 让你说对了;一点没错;我同意;说得太对了 [informal, emphasis]

  • 'Must have been a fiddly job.' — 'You can say that again.'

    “那一定是件精细活。”—“说得太对了。”

27 to say the least→see: least  needless to say→see: needless 
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Thesaurussay Also look up:
VERB.

announce, communicate, declare, speak 1

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IELTS BNC: 32 COCA: 19
say

verb

ADVERB | VERB + SAY | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADVERB➤aloud, out loud出聲地說▸➤loudly大聲地說▸➤gently, quietly, softly輕聲地說；悄悄地說；溫柔地說▸➤gruffly, huskily聲音粗啞地說；嗓音嘶啞地說▸➤at once立即說▸➤at last, at length, finally終於說▸➤simply簡單地說◇'I am home,' he said simply.“我回來了。”他簡單地說。➤hastily, hurriedly, quickly倉促地說；匆忙地說；迅速地說▸➤slowly不慌不忙地說▸➤abruptly, suddenly突兀地說；突然說▸➤briskly, curtly, shortly, tersely三言兩語地說；簡練地說▸➤angrily, bitterly, crossly, fiercely, sharply生氣地說；憤憤不平地說；氣呼呼地說；憤怒地說；尖銳地說◇'I don't know,' she said crossly.“我不知道。”她氣呼呼地說。➤bluntly, flatly, matter-of-factly, plainly直截了當地說；斷然地說；平靜淡然地說；據實說▸➤firmly, weakly堅定地說；懦弱地說▸➤harshly, sternly苛刻地說；嚴厲地說➤kindly, sweetly友好地說；動聽地說▸➤brightly, cheerfully, cheerily, happily快活地說；愉快地說；興高采烈地說；高興地說➤enthusiastically熱情地說➤with a grin, with a smile咧嘴笑着說；微笑着說◇'You'll see!' Lianne said with a smile.“你等着瞧吧！”利安笑着說道。➤with a smirk, with a wink傻笑着說；眨着眼說➤with a chuckle, with a laugh輕聲笑着說；大笑着說➤with a frown, with a shrug, with a sigh皺着眉說；聳着肩說；歎着氣說◇'Well, at least we tried!' he said with a shrug.“算了，至少我們盡力了！”他聳了聳肩說道。➤miserably, sadly淒慘地說；傷心地說▸➤gravely, grimly, seriously, solemnly板着臉說；嚴厲地說；嚴肅地說；鄭重地說▸➤airily, casually, lightly, nonchalantly, smoothly輕描淡寫地說；隨口說；滿不在乎地說；無動於衷地說；油嘴滑舌地說◇'There's nothing wrong with him,' she said airily.“他沒事。”她輕描淡寫地說。➤stiffly生硬地說▸➤proudly驕傲地說➤smugly沾沾自喜地說▸➤thoughtfully若有所思地說▸➤conversationally閒聊似地說▸➤calmly, evenly, mildly平靜地說；語氣平和地說；溫和地說▸➤impatiently, patiently不耐煩地說；耐心地說➤defensively, indignantly懷有戒心地說；憤慨地說▸➤politely禮貌地說▸➤soothingly寬慰地說▸➤apologetically, sheepishly歉意地說；難為情地說▸➤awkwardly, hesitantly, lamely, nervously局促不安地說；猶猶豫豫地說；信心不足地說；緊張地說➤jokingly, teasingly開玩笑地說；揶揄地說▸➤drily, mockingly, sarcastically不動聲色地調侃；嘲弄地說；冷嘲熱諷地說▸➤coldly, coolly, icily冷冷地說；冷漠地說▸➤breathlessly上氣不接下氣地說▸➤absently茫然地說▸➤honestly, sincerely, truthfully誠實地說；真誠地說；坦誠地說◇Can you honestly say you're sorry?你能誠心誠意地說對不起嗎？VERB + SAY➤be about to, be going to正要說；打算說◇I've forgotten what I was going to say.我忘了自己剛才想要說什麼了。➤hasten to急忙說▸➤long to, want to渴望說；想說◇I want to say how much we have all enjoyed this evening.我想說今晚我們都玩得非常開心。➤hate to不願說◇I hate to say it, but I think Stephen may be right.我本不願說，但我覺得斯蒂芬可能是對的。➤dare (to)膽敢說◇I dared not say a word about it to anyone.我不敢對任何人說起此事。◇I dare say that she'll come to the wedding.我敢說她會來參加婚禮。➤suffice it to, suffice to只需說⋯就夠了◇Suffice it to say, I refused to get involved.只說一句，我拒絕牽扯進去。➤be fair to說句公道話◇It is fair to say a considerable amount of effort went into the project.說句公道話，這一項目的參與者花費了很多心血。➤have nothing to, have something to無話／有話要說◇Be quiet, I have something to say.安靜，我有話要說。➤hear sb聽到某人說◇I heard him say they were leaving tomorrow.我聽到他說他們明天走。PREPOSITION➤about說關於⋯◇Do you have anything to say about this?對此事你有什麼要說的嗎？➤to對⋯說◇That's not what he said to me.他對我不是那麼說的。PHRASES➤be quoted as saying sth援引（某人的）話說⋯◇A government spokesman was quoted as saying that they would take steps to restore order.據政府發言人說，他們將採取措施恢復秩序。➤a thing to say這樣說是⋯的◇That was a very cruel thing to say.說這話太刻毒了。➤I have to say, I must say我不得不說；我必須說◇I have to say I didn't expect it to be so good.我得承認，我沒料到會這麼好。➤it has to be said必須承認◇She wasn't at her best, it has to be said.必須承認，她沒有表現出最佳水平。➤needless to say不用說◇Needless to say, it all went smoothly in the end.不用說，最終一切都很順利。
IELTS BNC: 32 COCA: 19
say noun
⇨ powersay verb
⇨ say 1 (‘Hello!’ she said.) ⇨ say 2 (I can't say I blame her.) ⇨ say 3 (We'll finish in, let's say, three months.) ⇨ predict (Who can say where it will end?) ⇨ quote (say a quiet prayer) ⇨ I dare say ⇨ supposesay1

verb

 'Hello!' she said. “喂！”她说。I can't say I blame her. 我不能说是她不对。We'll finish in, let's say, three months. 比方说，三个月我们就能完成。say ♦︎ speak ♦︎ talkThese words all mean to use your voice to express sth, especially in words. 这些词均表示说、讲。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to say sth / speak / talk to sb◆to say sth / speak / talk about sth◆They were speaking / talking (in) French.■ say (said, said) [transitive] to tell sb sth, using words 说；讲；告诉◆She said nothing to me about it.她没有跟我说过这件事。◆That's a terrible thing to say.这话可说不得。◆I didn't believe a word she said.她说的话我一句都不信。◆He said (that) his name was Sam.他说他的名字叫萨姆。◆She finds it hard to say what she feels.她觉得自己内心的感受难以言说。◆'Why can't I go out now?' 'Because I say so.'“为什么我现在不能出去？”“因为我说了不能。”◆He said to meet him here.他说来这儿跟他见面。ⓘ In stories, the subject often comes after said, says or say when it follows the actual words spoken, unless it is a pronoun. 在故事或小说中，当said、says或say出现在直接引语的后面时，主语（代词除外）常位于said等之后◆'Hello!' she said.“喂！”她说。◆'That was marvellous,' said Daniel.“好极了。”丹尼尔说。■ speak (spoke, spoken) [intransitive] to use your voice to say sth 说话；讲话◆He can't speak because of a throat infection.他嗓子发炎，不能说话。◆Please speak more slowly.请说慢一点。◆Without speaking, she stood up and went out.她没有说话，站起身来走了出去。◆What language are they speaking in?他们说的是哪种语言？◆He speaks with a strange accent.他说话口音很特别。ⓘ Speak also means 'to be able to use a particular language'. In this meaning it is not used in the progressive tenses. * speak还可表示“会说某种语言”，表达此义时不用于进行时 [transitive] ◆She speaks several languages / a little Urdu / an unusual dialect.她会说几种语言／一点乌尔都语／一种罕见的方言。◆Do you speak English?你会讲英语吗？   see also speak ⇨ talk , speaker ⇨ speaker 1 ■ talk [intransitive, transitive] to say words in a language （用某种语言）讲，说，说话◆Alex can't talk yet－he's only just one year old.亚历克斯还不会说话－他才一岁大。◆Are they talking Swedish or Danish?他们说的是瑞典语还是丹麦语？   see also talk ⇨ talk , talker ⇨ speaker 1 NOTE 辨析 Speak or talk? Talk is much more frequent than speak in spoken English. If sb can't speak they are physically unable to speak because of illness, disability or emotion. If you are talking about a baby who has not learned to talk yet, use talk. 在口语中talk比speak常用得多。can't speak指由于生病、残疾或情感等原因失去了说话的能力。表示婴儿尚未学会说话要用talk。say2

verb

 'Hello!' she said. “喂！”她说。I can't say I blame her. 我不能说是她不对。We'll finish in, let's say, three months. 比方说，三个月我们就能完成。  ➡ See also the entries for declare and show 3 另见declare条和show条第3义say ♦︎ talk ♦︎ express ♦︎ put ♦︎ voice ♦︎ air ♦︎ phraseThese words all mean to let people know how you feel or what you think by speaking. 这些词均表示用言语表达、表述。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to express / voice / air your thoughts / opinions / views / concerns◆to express / put / phrase sth clearly◆to talk / express yourself / air sth openly◆to talk / express yourself freely■ say (said, said) [transitive, intransitive] to give an opinion on sth 表达，表述（见解）◆Say what you like (= although you disagree) about her, she's a fine singer.随你怎么说，反正她是个优秀歌手。◆I'll say this for them, they're a very efficient company.我要为他们说句公道话，他们公司的效率的确很高。◆Anna thinks I'm lazy－what do you say (= what is your opinion)?安娜认为我懒惰－你说呢?◆It's hard to say what caused the accident.很难说造成事故的原因是什么。◆I can't say I blame her for resigning (= I think she was right).她辞职了，我不能说她不对。◆I wouldn't say they were rich (= in my opinion they are not rich).我认为他们并不富裕。◆'When will it be finished?' 'I couldn't say (= I don't know).'“什么时候能够完成？”“说不好。”■ talk [intransitive, transitive] to say things, especially in order to express feelings or ideas; to say things that are/are not sensible 说话；谈论；说，讲（有理、无理的话）◆Stop talking and listen!别说话了，注意听！◆He talked excitedly of his plans.他兴奋地谈起自己的计划。◆She talks a lot of sense.她讲得很在理。◆You're talking nonsense!你胡说八道！  ➡ See also the entry for talk 另见talk条■ express [transitive] (rather formal) to show or make known a feeling, opinion or idea by words, looks or actions 表示，表达，表露（感情、意见或想法）◆Teachers have expressed concern about the emphasis on testing.教师对偏重考试的问题表示担忧。◆Perhaps I have not expressed myself very well.也许我没把自己的意思表达清楚。◆She expresses herself most fully in her paintings.她在画作中把自己的感情表现得淋漓尽致。ⓘ Express is often followed by a noun describing a feeling or emotion. * express后面常接表示感觉或感情的名词◆to express (your, my, etc.) dissatisfaction / fear / horror / gratitude / desire表达（你的、我的等）不满／担忧／惊恐／感激／欲望 Say and talk cannot be used in this way. Use express yourself to talk about saying what you think or feel so that people understand, or with by, through or in to talk about showing your feelings in a particular way, such as through art or poetry. * say和talk不能这样用。express yourself指表达自己的思想感情以使别人明白，或与by、through或in连用，指以某种形式（如通过艺术或诗歌等）来表现自己的感情。   see also expression ⇨ expression 1 ■ put [transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to express or state sth in a particular way （以某种方式）说，表达◆She put it very tactfully.她的话说得很巧妙。◆Put simply, we accept their offer or go bankrupt.简单地说吧，我们要么接受他们的条件，要么破产。◆I was, to put it mildly, annoyed (= I was extremely angry).委婉点地说，我很不高兴。◆He was too trusting－or, to put it another way, he had no head for business.他太轻信人了－或者换个说法，他没有商业头脑。◆She had never tried to put this feeling into words.她从未试图把这种感情说出来。■ voice [transitive] (rather formal) to tell people your feelings or opinions about sth 表示，表达，吐露（感情或意见）◆A number of parents have voiced concern about their children's safety.一些家长对子女的安全表示担心。■ air [transitive] (rather formal) to express your opinions publicly 公开发表（意见）◆The weekly meeting enables employees to air their grievances.每周的例会使雇员有机会诉说委屈。NOTE 辨析 Voice or air?You can voice an opinion to one person, but if you air an opinion, you are usually sharing it with many people, at a meeting for example. * voice可指向一个人表达意见，而air通常指向众人公开发表意见，如在会议上。■ phrase [transitive] to say or write sth, arranging the words in a particular way （以某种方式）表达，措辞，推敲◆I agree with what he says, but I'd have phrased it differently.我赞同他说的话，但我会以不同的方式来表述。say3

verb

 'Hello!' she said. “喂！”她说。I can't say I blame her. 我不能说是她不对。We'll finish in, let's say, three months. 比方说，三个月我们就能完成。say ♦︎ suppose ♦︎ speculate ♦︎ presume ♦︎ postulate ♦︎ presupposeThese words all mean to suggest or give sth as a possibility, or act as if sth were true even though you have no definite proof. 这些词均表示假定、假设。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to say / suppose / speculate / presume / postulate / presuppose that...◆to suppose / presume / postulate / presuppose the existence of sth◆let's (just) / let us say / suppose (that...)■ say (said, said) [transitive, no passive] (especially spoken) used to give or suggest sth as an example or possibility 比方说；假设◆You could learn the basics in, let's say, three months.比方说，三个月你就可以掌握基本知识。◆Take any writer, say (= for example) Dickens...随便举一个作家为例，比如说狄更斯⋯◆Say you lose your job. What then?假设你丢了工作，那会怎样？■ suppose [transitive] to pretend that sth is true; to imagine what would happen if sth were true 假定；假设；设想◆Suppose all the flights are booked on that day. Which other day could we go?假定那天的航班都订满了，我们还可以哪天走呢？◆Let us suppose, for example, that you are married with two children.比方说，假设你成家了，还有两个孩子。◆Suppose him dead－what then?假如他死了，那怎么办？■ speculate ˈspekjuleɪt [transitive] to form an opinion about sth without knowing all the details or facts 推测；猜测；推断◆Everyone speculated wildly about the reasons for her resignation.大家都胡乱推测她辞职的原因。◆It's useless to speculate why he did it.对于他为什么这样做，妄加猜测一点用也没有。  see also speculation ⇨ speculation , speculative ⇨ supposed ■ presume prɪˈzjuːm; NAmE prɪˈzuːm [transitive] (rather formal) to accept that sth is true until it is shown not to be true, for example in court; to accept sth as true or real and take action on that basis （在法庭上等）推定，假定；假设（作为行事的基础）◆Twelve passengers are missing, presumed dead.有十二名旅客失踪，已推定罹难。◆In English law, a person is presumed innocent until proven guilty.英国法律规定，一个人在被证明有罪之前推定为无辜。  see also presumption ⇨ speculation , presume ⇨ suppose ■ postulate ˈpɒstjuleɪt; NAmE ˈpɑːstʃəleɪt [transitive] (formal) to suggest or accept that sth is true so that it can be used as the basis of a theory or argument 假定，假设（以作为理论或论证的基础）◆Some linguists have postulated a change in English pronunciation from around 1600.一些语言学家假定大约从1600年开始英语发音出现了变化。■ presuppose ˌpriːsəˈpəʊz; NAmE ˌpriːsəˈpoʊz [transitive] (formal) (of a person) to accept sth as true or real and base your actions on that before it has been proved; (of an argument or reason) to depend on sth else being true in order to exist or be valid （人）姑且认为，假设；（论点或理由）以⋯为前提，依⋯而定◆Teachers sometimes presuppose a fairly high level of knowledge on the part of the students.教师有时会假定学生有相当高的知识水平。◆This argument presupposes that all children start off life with equal advantages.这个论点的前提是，所有儿童生来都具有同等的优势。  see also presupposition ⇨ speculation
IELTS BNC: 32 COCA: 19

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