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BNC: 1149 COCA: 986
shoulder
ʃoʊldəʳ ˈʃoʊldər
Word forms: plural , 3rd person singular present tense shoulders, present participle shouldering, past tense , past participle shouldered
1 N-COUNT [oft poss NOUN] 肩;肩膀;肩胛 Your shoulders are between your neck and the tops of your arms. 肩;肩膀;肩胛

  • She led him to an armchair, with her arm round his shoulder.

    她揽着他的肩膀，将他领到一把扶手椅旁。

  • He glanced over his shoulder and saw me watching him.

    他扭头瞥了一眼，看见我正看他。

2 N-COUNT (衣服的)肩部 The shoulders of a piece of clothing are the parts that cover your shoulders. (衣服的)肩部

  • ...extravagant fashions with padded shoulders.

    带垫肩的华丽时装

3 N-PLURAL (问题、责任等)由…承担，落在…肩上 When you talk about someone's problems or responsibilities, you can say that they carry them on their shoulders . (问题、责任等)由…承担，落在…肩上

  • No one suspected the anguish he carried on his shoulders.

    没人觉察出他所承担的痛苦。

  • I fervently hope he recognizes and understands the burden that's on his shoulders.

    我热诚地希望他能认识到并懂得自己肩负的重任。

4 VERB 承担;担负;肩负 If you shoulder the responsibility or the blame for something, you accept it. 承担;担负;肩负

  • He has had to shoulder the responsibility of his father's mistakes. [VERB noun]

    他得为他父亲的过错承担责任。

  • Some of the blame for the disastrous night must be shouldered by the promoters. [VERB noun]

    筹办方必须为那个灾难性的夜晚承担一部分责任。

SYN bear, carry, take on, accept
5 VERB 背;扛;挑;担 If you shoulder something heavy, you put it across one of your shoulders so that you can carry it more easily. 背;扛;挑;担

  • The rest of the group shouldered their bags, gritted their teeth and set off. [VERB noun]

    那群人中其余的人扛起包，咬着牙出发了。

  • He shouldered his bike and walked across the finish line. [VERB noun]

    他扛着自行车走过了终点线。

6 VERB 用肩推(或挤) If you shoulder someone aside or if you shoulder your way somewhere, you push past people roughly using your shoulder. 用肩推(或挤) [Also V + through]

  • The policemen rushed past him, shouldering him aside. [V n with aside]

    警察从他身边匆匆而过，把他挤到一边。

  • She could do nothing to stop him as he shouldered his way into the house. [VERB noun prep./adv.]

    他使劲往屋子里挤，她根本没法儿阻止他。

  • He shouldered past Harlech and opened the door. [V + past]

    他从哈莱克身边挤过去，打开了门。

SYN push, thrust, elbow, shove
7 N-VAR (动物的)前腿连肩肉，前胛肉 A shoulder is a joint of meat from the upper part of the front leg of an animal. (动物的)前腿连肩肉，前胛肉

  • ...shoulder of lamb.

    小羊的前腿连肩肉

8 See also: cold-shoulder  hard shoulder 
9 PHRASE 倾诉的对象 If someone offers you a shoulder to cry on or is a shoulder to cry on, they listen sympathetically as you talk about your troubles. 倾诉的对象

  • Mrs Barrantes longs to be at her daughter's side to offer her a shoulder to cry on.

    巴兰特斯夫人很希望能在女儿身边听她倾诉。

  • Roland sometimes saw me as a shoulder to cry on.

    罗兰有时把我看作是一个可以倾诉的对象。

SYN comfort, help, support, relief
10 PHRASE 远胜过;大大超越 If you say that someone or something stands head and shoulders above other people or things, you mean that they are a lot better than them. 远胜过;大大超越

  • The two candidates stood head and shoulders above the rest.

    这两名候选人从所有人中脱颖而出。

  • I am very impressed by your magazine. It is head and shoulders above any other.

    我对你们的杂志印象非常深刻。感觉比其他杂志好多了。

11 PHRASE [VERB and NOUN inflect] 惴惴不安;小心翼翼;小心提防 If you say that someone is looking over their shoulder, you mean that they feel anxious all the time about what someone may do to them. 惴惴不安;小心翼翼;小心提防

  • When a company keeps making people redundant, those who are left behind might start looking over their shoulder.

    当一家公司不停地裁员时，那些留下来的员工也会开始惴惴不安了。

12 PHRASE 并肩;肩并肩 If two or more people stand shoulder to shoulder, they are standing next to each other, with their shoulders touching. 并肩;肩并肩

  • They fell into step, walking shoulder to shoulder with their heads bent against the rain.

    他们开始迈着一致的步伐并肩而行，低着头躲避雨水。

  • We went on board and saw these people packed shoulder to shoulder on the decks.

    我们上了船，看见这些人在甲板上肩挨着肩挤在一起。

SYN side by side, abreast, next to each other
13 PHRASE 同心协力地 If people work or stand shoulder to shoulder, they work together in order to achieve something, or support each other. 同心协力地

  • They could fight shoulder-to-shoulder against a common enemy.

    他们可以同心协力，对抗共同的敌人。

  • We will need you and the chairman standing shoulder to shoulder on basic positions.

    我们需要你和主席在一些基本立场上共同进退。

14 a chip on one's shoulder→see: chip  to rub shoulders with→see: rub 
Word Partnership
Word PartnershipUse shoulder with:
ADJ.

bare shoulder, broken shoulder, dislocated shoulder, left/right shoulder 1

N.

head on someone's shoulder 1

shoulder a burden 4 5

VERB.

look over your shoulder, tap someone on the shoulder 1

cry on someone's shoulder 9

Trends of shoulder
View usage for:All yearsLast 10 yearsLast 50 yearsLast 100 yearsLast 300 years
BNC: 1149 COCA: 986
shoulder

noun¹

 1part of the body身體部位ADJECTIVE | SHOULDER + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤dislocated, fractured, frozen, injured, sore, wounded脫臼的肩膀；骨折的肩膀；冷凍肩；受傷的肩膀；痠痛的肩膀◇His frozen shoulder has stopped him from playing tennis.冷凍肩使他沒法打網球了。SHOULDER + NOUN➤injury肩傷▸➤blade, bones, joint, muscle, socket肩胛骨；肩部骨骼；肩關節；肩部肌肉；肩窩◇The bullet hit him squarely between the shoulder blades.子彈恰好打在他的肩胛骨之間。➤height, level齊肩高▸➤harness, sling, strap安全肩帶；肩帶；背帶➤pad墊肩➤bag挎包PREPOSITION➤over your shoulder在肩膀上◇He slung the sack over his shoulder and set off.他把粗布袋子往肩上一甩就出發了。PHRASES➤a pat on the shoulder拍拍肩膀◇He gave me a reassuring pat on the shoulder.他拍了拍我的肩膀讓我放心。➤shoulder to shoulder肩並肩◇The route of the procession was lined with police officers standing shoulder to shoulder.遊行所經道路兩邊都是肩並肩站立的警察。➤tap sb on the shoulder拍某人的肩◇I tapped the man on the shoulder and asked him to move.我拍了拍那人的肩膀，讓他挪一下。
shoulder

noun²

 2shoulders the part between the two shoulders上背部ADJECTIVE | VERB + SHOULDERS | SHOULDERS + VERB | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤broad, huge, muscled, muscular, powerful, strong, wide寬闊的肩膀；肌肉發達的肩膀；有力的肩膀；強壯的肩膀▸➤delicate, slim纖弱的／纖細的肩膀▸➤narrow, thin窄窄的／瘦弱的肩膀▸➤square寬而挺的肩膀▸➤round圓潤的肩膀▸➤bony瘦削的肩膀▸➤bowed駝背▸➤bare裸露的肩膀▸➤tense, tight緊繃的肩膀VERB + SHOULDERS➤shrug聳肩◇When I asked him why he'd done it he just shrugged his shoulders.我問他為什麼這麼做，他只聳了聳肩。➤hunch聳起肩膀◇He hunched his shoulders against the cold wind.他聳起肩膀抵禦寒風。➤drop, relax放下／放鬆肩膀◇Inhale, drop your shoulders and raise your chest.吸氣，肩膀放鬆，挺胸。➤roll, rotate扭動／轉動肩膀◇Roll your shoulders forward and take a deep breath.肩膀朝前轉動，深呼吸。➤square, straighten挺直肩膀◇In an aggressive situation, we stand tall and square our shoulders.進攻的時候，要站直身子，挺直肩膀。SHOULDERS + VERB➤be bent, be bowed, be stooped肩膀弓起◇She was crouched with her head forward and her shoulders bent.她低頭弓背蹲着。➤droop, drop, sag, slump肩部鬆垂◇My shoulders dropped with relief.我鬆了口氣，繃緊的肩膀也放鬆下來。➤lift, shrug肩膀聳起◇Her shoulders lifted in a vague shrug.她微微聳了聳肩。➤heave, shake, twitch肩膀抖動／晃動／抽動◇His broad shoulders heaved with sobs.他寬闊的肩膀因啜泣而上下起伏。➤stiffen, tense, tighten肩部僵硬起來；肩部繃緊▸➤relax肩部放鬆PREPOSITION➤on sb's shoulders在某人肩上◇The child sat on her father's shoulders to watch the parade go by.孩子騎在她爸爸肩上觀看遊行隊伍經過。
shoulder

verb¹

 1accept the responsibility for sth接受責任VERB + SHOULDER➤have to, must不得不／必須承擔◇She had to shoulder the burden of childcare.她不得不擔負起撫養孩子的重擔。➤be willing to願意承擔▸➤be unwilling to不願意承擔◇He was unwilling to shoulder this responsibility alone.他不願意獨自擔負這個責任。
shoulder

verb²

 2push sb/sth with your shoulder用肩推ADVERB | PHRASES ADVERB➤roughly粗暴地用肩頂◇We were shouldered roughly out of the way.我們被人用肩粗暴地擠到了一邊。➤aside, out of the way用肩推擠到一邊➤open用肩推開◇He shouldered open the door.他用肩把門推開。➤past用肩擠過PHRASES➤shoulder your way past sb/sth, shoulder your way through sth用肩膀擠着經過⋯／穿過⋯◇She shouldered her way through the crowd.她用肩膀擠着穿過人群。
BNC: 1149 COCA: 986
shoulder verb
⇨ push 2 (shoulder sb aside) ⇨ take 7 (shoulder a burden)
BNC: 1149 COCA: 986

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