public adj. ⇨public (the public sector)⇨common (public transport)⇨famous (a public figure)⇨social (public opinion)public noun ⇨community (the general public)⇨market1 (the viewing public)public
adjective
public ♦︎ state ♦︎ national ♦︎ federalThese words all describe things connected with the government of a country, especially government spending and services.这些词均表示政府出资或提供服务的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆public / state / national / federal authorities / funding / expenditure / investment◆public / state / federal power / control / regulation / institutions / officials / employees / funds / money / finance / spending◆public / state education / hospitals / enterprise / ownership◆the public / state sector◆the national / federal government■public [only before noun] connected with the government and the services it provides政府的;政府提供服务的◆Their tax plans would hit public services.他们的税收计划将对公共服务造成影响。◆There has been massive investment in public housing.已经在公屋项目上投入巨资。◆He spent much of his career in public office(= working for the government).他职业生涯的大部分时间在政府部门工作。ⓘ In the US, Australia, Scotland and some other countries a public school is a free local school paid for by the government; in England this is called a state school. In Britain, especially England, a public school is a private school for young people between the ages of 13 and 18, who often live at the school while they are studying, and whose parents pay for their education. A public company or public limited company (in British English) or public corporation (in American English) is also not owned by the government, but a company that sells shares in itself to the public. However, in British English a public corporation is an organization that is owned by the government and that provides a national service.在美国、澳大利亚、苏格兰和其他一些国家,public school是由政府拨款的地方免费学校,这类学校在英格兰称为state school。在英国,尤其是英格兰,public school是招收13至18岁学生的私立学校,常为寄宿学校,学费由父母承担。英式英语中的public company或public limited company,和美式英语中的public corporation都不是国有企业,而是向公众出售公司股份的上市公司。但是在英式英语中,public corporation是国有企业,提供公共服务。OPPprivateⓘ A private service or institution is owned or managed by an individual person or an independent company rather than by the government. * private指服务或机构是私有或私营的◆private companies / schools私营公司;私立学校◆a programme to return many of the state companies to private ownership国有企业私有化的计划▸publicly
adverb
◆a publicly owned company上市公司■state [only before noun] provided or controlled by the government国家提供(或控制)的◆The law applies only to schools within the state system.这条法规只适用于公办学校。◆There needs to be an increase in the basic state pension.由政府拨款的基本养老金需要增加。◆Many local families are dependent on state benefits(= in Britain, government money given to people who are poor).当地许多家庭靠政府的救济金生活。OPPprivate see also state ⇨ country1■national [usually before noun] owned, controlled or financially supported by the government国有的;国立的;国营的◆The collection is housed at the national museum.这批收藏品保存在国家博物馆里。◆The Romanian national airline has ordered seven of the new aircraft.罗马尼亚国家航空公司已经订购了七架这种新飞机。■federal ˈfedərəl connected with national government rather than the local government of an individual state联邦政府的◆On 15th February a federal judge ruled in their favour.2月15日联邦法官判他们胜诉。◆We will continue federal funding for the arts.我们将继续对艺术给予联邦政府拨款。ⓘ Federal is used about countries, especially the US, which have a system of government in which the individual states of a country have control over their own affairs, but are controlled by a central government for national decisions. * federal表示“联邦制的”,指某些国家,尤其是美国采用的国家结构形式。在这些国家,各州掌管自己的事务,但全国性的决议则由中央政府即联邦政府掌控。▸federally
adverb
◆federally funded health care由联邦政府拨款的医疗保健服务
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