valuation ♦︎ estimate ♦︎ quote ♦︎ quotation ♦︎ costingThese are all words for a judgement that is made about how much money sth is worth or will cost.这些词均表示对价值的评估、估价。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an estimate / a quote / a quotation for a piece of work◆a high / low valuation / estimate / quote / quotation◆a detailed valuation / estimate / quote / quotation / costing◆a stock / market / share valuation / quote / quotation◆to give / provide / get / obtain / accept a valuation / an estimate / a quote / a quotation■valuation [countable, uncountable] a professional judgement about how much sth is worth; its estimated value(专业的)估价;估定的价值;估值◆Surveyors carried out a valuation of the property.鉴定人员对这处房产作出了估价。◆methods of land valuation土地的估价方法◆Experts set a high valuation on the painting.专家对这幅画估价很高。 see also value ⇨ priceverb■estimate [countable] a statement of how much a piece of work will probably cost估计的成本;估价◆We got estimates for the repair work from three firms and accepted the lowest.我们收到三家公司对这项修复工程的估价,最后选取了其中报价最低者。 see also estimate ⇨ estimateverb■quote [countable] (informal, especiallyspoken) a statement of exactly how much a piece of work will cost报价;估价◆Theirs was the lowest quote, so we went with them(= got them to do the work).他们的报价最低,所以我们让他们来做这项工作。▸quote
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[transitive] ◆They quoted us £300 for installing a shower unit.他们向我们开价300英镑安装淋浴设备。■quotation [countable] (ratherformal) a quote报价;估价◆You should always get a written quotation from builders before they start work.你应该每次都在建筑公司开工之前拿到他们的报价单。NOTE辨析 Quote or quotation?These words have exactly the same meaning, but quote is more informal. In Business English both quote and quotation also mean 'a statement of the current value of goods or a company on the stock market'.这两个词的含义完全相同,只是quote不太正式。在商务英语中quote和quotation还可表示“货物或公司目前在股市上的牌价”◆It was the first football club to have a full stock market quotation.这是第一个公开上市的足球俱乐部。 (informal) ◆Check stock quotes and email messages on your mobile phone.用手机查阅股价和电邮信息。Business journalism often uses quite informal language; business letters are more formal.商务新闻经常使用较非正式的语言,商务信函则正式得多。■costing [countable] (BrE) an estimate of how much sth such as a new service or product will probably cost(对新服务或新产品的)成本计算,成本估算◆Here is a detailed costing of our proposals.这是我们的方案的详细成本计算。◆You'd better do some costings.你最好作一些成本估算。 see also cost ⇨ priceverbNOTE辨析 Estimate or costing?An estimate is usually for a single piece of work. A costing or costings is/are for a service or product, including estimates of all the work involved. Estimate emphasizes the final figure; costing emphasizes the process of working out that figure. * estimate通常指对一项工作的成本估算,costing或costings则指对服务或产品的成本估算,包括对所有相关工作的估算。estimate强调最终的数字,costing则强调得出该数字的计算过程。