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IELTS BNC: 519 COCA: 494
break
breɪk breɪk breɪk
Word forms: plural , 3rd person singular present tense breaks, present participle breaking, past tense broke, past participle broken
1 V-ERG 打破；摔碎 When an object breaks or when you break it, it suddenly separates into two or more pieces, often because it has been hit or dropped. 打破；摔碎

  • He fell through the window, breaking the glass. [VERB noun]

    他撞破玻璃从窗口摔了下去。

  • The plate broke. [VERB]

    盘子打破了。

  • Break the cauliflower into florets. [VERB noun + into]

    把花椰菜撕成小朵。

  • The plane broke into three pieces. [VERB + into]

    飞机断成了三截。

  • ...bombed-out buildings, surrounded by broken glass and rubble. [VERB-ed]

    被炸毁的楼宇四周尽是碎玻璃和碎砖瓦砾

  • The only sound was the crackle of breaking ice. [VERB-ing]

    唯一的声响是冰层噼噼啪啪碎裂的声音。

SYN shatter, separate, destroy, split
2 V-ERG 折断（骨头）；骨折 If you break a part of your body such as your leg, your arm, or your nose, or if a bone breaks, you are injured because a bone cracks or splits. 折断（骨头）；骨折

  • She broke a leg in a skiing accident. [VERB noun]

    她在一次滑雪事故中摔断了一条腿。

  • Old bones break easily. [VERB]

    老年人容易骨折。

  • Several people were treated for broken bones. [VERB-ed]

    数人接受了断骨治疗。

SYN fracture, crack, smash
Break is also a noun.

  • It has caused a bad break to Gabriella's leg.

    这导致加布里埃拉一条腿严重骨折。

3 V-ERG （使）（表层、盖子或密封）破裂；撕开 If a surface, cover, or seal breaks or if something breaks it, a hole or tear is made in it, so that a substance can pass through. （使）（表层、盖子或密封）破裂；撕开

  • Once you've broken the seal of a bottle there's no way you can put it back together again. [VERB noun]

    一旦你撕开瓶子的密封条，你就无法再把它复原。

  • The bandage must be put on when the blister breaks. [VERB]

    水疱一旦破了就必须用绷带包扎起来。

  • Do not use the cream on broken skin. [VERB-ed]

    不要在破损皮肤的表面涂护肤霜。

SYN burst, tear, split, puncture
4 V-ERG （使）（工具或机器）损坏 When a tool or piece of machinery breaks or when you break it, it is damaged and no longer works. （使）（工具或机器）损坏 [Also V-ed]

  • When the clutch broke, the car was locked into second gear. [VERB]

    离合器失灵后，汽车只能在二挡行驶。

  • Tenants do not have to worry about leaking roofs and broken washing machines. [VERB-ed]

    租房者无需担心屋顶漏水和洗衣机出故障。

  • The lead biker broke his bike chain. [VERB noun]

    那位领先的自行车手车链子断了。

SYN stop working, break down, go wrong, give out
5 VERB 破坏，违反（规则、承诺或协议） If you break a rule, promise, or agreement, you do something that you should not do according to that rule, promise, or agreement. 破坏，违反（规则、承诺或协议）

  • We didn't know we were breaking the law. [VERB noun]

    我们不知道自己在犯法。

  • The company has consistently denied it had knowingly broken arms embargoes. [VERB noun]

    这家公司一直否认自己是有意违反武器禁运规定。

  • ...broken promises. [VERB-ed]

    背弃的承诺

SYN disobey, breach, defy, violate
6 VERB 挣脱；解脱 If you break free or loose, you free yourself from something or escape from it. 挣脱；解脱

  • She broke free by thrusting her elbow into his chest. [VERB adj.ive]

    她用肘猛击他的胸部，挣脱了出来。

  • ...his inability to break free of his marriage. [VERB adj.ive]

    他无法摆脱婚姻的束缚

7 VERB 结束（困难或不利局面）；打破（僵局） If someone breaks something, especially a difficult or unpleasant situation that has existed for some time, they end it or change it. 结束（困难或不利局面）；打破（僵局）

  • The Home Secretary aims to break the vicious circle between disadvantage and crime. [VERB noun]

    内政大臣力图打破贫困和犯罪之间的恶性循环。

  • New proposals have been put forward to break the deadlock among rival factions. [VERB noun]

    旨在结束各竞争派别之间僵持局面的新提案已被提交。

  • The country is heading towards elections which may break the party's long hold on power. [VERB noun]

    这个国家正在朝着举行选举的目标迈进，选举可能会打破该党对政权的长期垄断。

Break is also a noun.

  • Nothing that might lead to a break in the deadlock has been discussed yet.

    还没有讨论出一个可能打破这一僵局的办法。

8 VERB 打破（沉默） If someone or something breaks a silence, they say something or make a noise after a long period of silence. 打破（沉默）

  • Hugh broke the silence. 'Is she always late?' he asked. [VERB noun]

    休打破了沉默，问道：“她总是迟到吗？”

  • The unearthly silence was broken by a shrill screaming. [VERB noun]

    一声尖叫打破了这可怕的沉寂。

9 N-COUNT （天气的）放晴 If there is a break in the cloud or weather, it changes and there is a short period of sunshine or fine weather. （天气的）放晴

  • A sudden break in the cloud allowed rescuers to spot Michael Benson. [+ in]

    天气的突然放晴帮助救援人员找到了迈克尔·本森。

10 VERB （与…）决裂；断绝（联系）；放弃 If you break with a group of people or a traditional way of doing things, or you break your connection with them, you stop being involved with that group or stop doing things in that way. （与…）决裂；断绝（联系）；放弃 [Also VERB n]

  • In 1959, Akihito broke with imperial tradition by marrying a commoner. [VERB + with]

    明仁天皇在1959年打破皇室传统，娶了一位平民女子为妻。

  • They were determined to break from precedent. [VERB + from]

    他们决心打破先例。

  • They have yet to break the link with the trade unions. [VERB noun + with]

    他们还必须断绝与工会组织的联系。

SYN end, stop, cut, drop
Break is also a noun.

  • Making a completely clean break with the past, the couple got rid of all their old furniture.

    为了与过去彻底决裂，这对夫妇扔掉了他们全部的旧家具。

11 VERB （使）摆脱，（使）戒除（习惯） If you break a habit or if someone breaks you of it, you no longer have that habit. （使）摆脱，（使）戒除（习惯）

  • If you continue to smoke, keep trying to break the habit. [VERB noun]

    如果你还在吸烟的话，就尽量戒除这个习惯吧。

  • The professor hoped to break the students of the habit of looking for easy answers. [VERB noun + of]

    教授希望改掉学生们不动脑筋就想找到答案的习惯。

SYN give up, stop, kick [informal] , abandon
12 VERB 瓦解…的决心；使丧失勇气；毁掉…的前程 To break someone means to destroy their determination and courage, their success, or their career. 瓦解…的决心；使丧失勇气；毁掉…的前程

  • He never let his jailers break him. [VERB noun]

    他决不会让监狱看守们摧毁他的意志。

  • The newspapers and television can make or break you. [VERB noun]

    报纸和电视会使你成功，也会将你毁掉。

  • Ken's wife, Vicki, said: 'He's a broken man.' [VERB-ed]

    肯的妻子薇姬说：“他被毁了。”

SYN weaken, undermine, cow, tame
13 VERB 短暂休息；稍停 If someone breaks for a short period of time, they rest or change from what they are doing for a short period. 短暂休息；稍停

  • They broke for lunch. [VERB]

    他们停下来吃午饭。

SYN pause, stop briefly, stop, rest
14 N-COUNT 间歇；小憩 A break is a short period of time when you have a rest or a change from what you are doing, especially if you are working or if you are in a boring or unpleasant situation. 间歇；小憩

  • They may be able to help with childcare so that you can have a break.

    他们可以帮忙照料孩子，这样你就可以歇一歇了。

  • I thought a 15 min break from his work would do him good. [+ from]

    我想他停下工作休息15分钟对他会有好处。

  • She rang Moira during a coffee break.

    她利用工间喝咖啡的休息时间给莫伊拉打了个电话。

15See also:lunch break  tea break 
16 N-COUNT 短假 A break is a short holiday. 短假

  • They are currently taking a short break in Spain. [+ in]

    他们目前正在西班牙休短假。

SYN holiday, leave, vacation, time off
17 VERB （为短暂歇息而）打断（旅程） If you break your journey somewhere, you stop there for a short time so that you can have a rest. （为短暂歇息而）打断（旅程）

  • Because of the heat we broke our journey at a small country hotel. [VERB noun]

    由于天气炎热，我们在一家乡村小旅馆停下来稍作歇息。

SYN interrupt, stop, suspend
18 VERB 减弱（势头）；减轻（力度） To break the force of something such as a blow or fall means to weaken its effect, for example by getting in the way of it. 减弱（势头）；减轻（力度）

  • He sustained serious neck injuries after he broke someone's fall. [VERB noun]

    有人坠落压在他身上，致使他颈部受重伤。

19 VERB （消息在报纸、电视或电台）发布，传播 When a piece of news breaks, people hear about it from the newspapers, television, or radio. （消息在报纸、电视或电台）发布，传播

  • The news broke that the Prime Minister had resigned. [VERB]

    据报道首相已经辞职。

  • He resigned from his post as Bishop when the scandal broke. [VERB]

    丑闻传开后他辞去了主教职务。

SYN be revealed, come out, be reported, be published
20 VERB （通常以委婉的方式）透露，告知（坏消息） When you break a piece of bad news to someone, you tell it to them, usually in a kind way. （通常以委婉的方式）透露，告知（坏消息）

  • Then Louise broke the news that she was leaving me. [VERB noun]

    然后路易丝挑明了她要离开我。

  • I worried for ages and decided that I had better break it to her. [VERB noun + to]

    我烦恼了很长时间，后来决定还是把这事告诉她。

SYN reveal, tell, announce, declare
21 N-COUNT 机遇；机会；好运 A break is a lucky opportunity that someone gets to achieve something. 机遇；机会；好运 [informal]

  • He went into TV and got his first break playing opposite Sid James in the series 'Citizen James'.

    他进入了电视圈，获得的第一个机会是在连续剧《公民詹姆斯》中与锡德·詹姆斯演对手戏。

22 VERB 打破（纪录） If you break a record, you beat the previous record for a particular achievement. 打破（纪录）

  • Carl Lewis has broken the world record in the 100 metres. [VERB noun]

    卡尔·刘易斯已经打破了百米赛跑的世界纪录。

  • Jurassic Park had broken all box office records. [VERB noun]

    《侏罗纪公园》打破了所有票房纪录。

SYN beat, top, better, exceed
23See also:record-breaking 
24 VERB （天）破晓 When day or dawn breaks, it starts to grow light after the night has ended. （天）破晓

  • They continued the search as dawn broke. [VERB]

    天放亮后他们继续搜寻。

SYN happen, appear, emerge, occur
25See also:daybreak 
26 VERB （波浪)减势，落下 When a wave breaks, it passes its highest point and turns downwards, for example when it reaches the shore. （波浪)减势，落下

  • Danny listened to the waves breaking against the shore. [VERB]

    丹尼聆听着波浪拍岸的声音。

SYN pound, crash, batter, lash
27 VERB 破解，破译（密码） If you break a secret code, you work out how to understand it. 破解，破译（密码）

  • It was feared they could break the Allies' codes. [VERB noun]

    恐怕他们会破译盟军的密码。

SYN decode, crack, work out, solve
28 VERB （因悲伤或害怕嗓音）突变，变调 If someone's voice breaks when they are speaking, it changes its sound, for example because they are sad or afraid. （因悲伤或害怕嗓音）突变，变调

  • Godfrey's voice broke, and halted. [VERB]

    戈弗雷声音都变了，停顿下来。

SYN hesitate, shake, tremble, falter
29 VERB （男孩嗓音）变粗 When a boy's voice breaks, it becomes deeper and sounds more like a man's voice. （男孩嗓音）变粗

  • He sings with the strained discomfort of someone whose voice hasn't quite broken. [VERB]

    他唱得很拘谨，声音听起来像是某个还没完全变声的男孩。

30 VERB （天气）突变；（风暴）骤起 If the weather breaks or a storm breaks, it suddenly becomes rainy or stormy after a period of sunshine. （天气）突变；（风暴）骤起

  • I've been waiting for the weather to break. [VERB]

    我一直在等待着暴风雨的到来。

  • She hoped she'd be able to reach the hotel before the storm broke. [VERB]

    她希望能够在起风暴前赶到旅馆。

SYN change, shift, alter
31 VERB （网球比赛中）破，赢得（对手的发球局） In tennis, if you break your opponent's serve, you win a game in which your opponent is serving. （网球比赛中）破，赢得（对手的发球局）

  • He broke McEnroe's serve. [VERB noun]

    他破了麦肯罗的发球局。

Break is also a noun.

  • A single break of serve settled the first two sets.

    前两盘的比赛都是靠破掉对方一个发球局而分出胜负。

32 See also: broke  broken  heartbreak  heartbreaking  heartbroken  outbreak 
33 PHRASE 破晓时分 The break of day or the break of dawn is the time when it begins to grow light after the night. 破晓时分 [literary]

  • 'I,' he finished poetically, 'will watch over you to the break of day.'

    “我，”他以富有诗意的语言结尾，“将守候着你，直至晨光初露。”

34 CONVENTION 别烦我了 You can say 'give me a break' to show that you are annoyed by what someone has said or done. 别烦我了 [informal, feelings]

  • 'I'm a real intellectual-type guy, Tracy,' James joked. 'Oh, give me a break,' Tracy moaned.

    “我可是个货真价实的高智商小伙儿，特雷西。”詹姆斯开玩笑地说道。“哦，别烦我了，”特雷西抱怨道。

35 PHRASE 逃离；离开 If you make a break or make a break for it, you run to escape from something. 逃离；离开

  • The moment had come to make a break or die.

    那个时候不跑就没命了。

  • Dan made a break for his car only to find the driver's door locked.

    丹朝他的汽车跑去，却发现驾驶座位置的门被锁住了。

36 to break the bank→see: bank  to break cover→see: cover  to break even→see: even  to break new ground→see: ground  to break someone's heart→see: heart  all hell breaks loose→see: hell  to break the ice→see: ice  to break ranks→see: rank  to break wind→see: wind 
Phrasal verbs:
break away break down break in break into break off break out break through break up
Word PartnershipVisual Thesaurus
Word PartnershipUse break with:
N.

break a bone, break your arm/leg/neck 2

break the law, break a promise, break a rule 5

break the silence 8

break a habit 11

coffee/lunch break 14

break a record 22

VERB.

need a break, take a break 14

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