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TOEFL BNC: 3592 COCA: 3167
discrimination

noun

  ➡ See also the entry for racism 另见racism条discrimination ♦︎ prejudice ♦︎ bias ♦︎ apartheid ♦︎ affirmative action ♦︎ intolerance ♦︎ favouritismThese are all words for the unfair treatment of a particular group in society, for example because of their race, sex or religion. 这些词均表示偏见、歧视。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆discrimination / prejudice / bias / intolerance / favouritism towards / toward sb / sth◆discrimination / prejudice / bias in favour of / against sb / sth◆sexual discrimination / prejudice / bias / apartheid◆racial / religious discrimination / prejudice / bias / intolerance◆race / class / age / political discrimination / prejudice / bias◆blatant / clear discrimination / prejudice / bias◆to have a prejudice / bias◆to show discrimination / prejudice / a bias / intolerance / favouritism◆to fight discrimination / prejudice / apartheid◆to reduce / eliminate discrimination / prejudice / bias■ discrimination dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃn [uncountable] (disapproving) unfair treatment of a particular person or group in society, for example because of their race, sex or religion 区别对待；歧视◆This is blatant discrimination against people with disabilities.这是对残疾人的公然歧视。◆Our policy forbids discrimination on the grounds of a person's race, sex or sexuality.我们的政策禁止在种族、性别或性取向上加以歧视。◆ (BrE, approving) Some colleges feel there is a real need for positive discrimination in favour of applicants from poorer backgrounds (= more favourable treatment for that group).有些院校认为确有必要对那些来自较贫困家庭的申请人实行积极的特别照顾。ⓘ In American English this is usually called affirmative action (see below). Reverse discrimination, in both British and American English, is the same policy when it is considered to be a bad thing. 在美式英语中，这种积极的区别对待通常称作affirmative action（见下面的分词条）。如果这种区别对待被看作是一件坏事，英式和美式英语都称之为reverse discrimination◆ (disapproving) The court heard arguments that programs to reserve some public works contracts for minorities cause reverse discrimination.法院听审了有关将公共工程合同预留给少数族裔的方案会造成逆向区别对待的论据。   see also segregation ⇨ division 1 , discriminatory ⇨ biased ▸ discriminate

verb

 [intransitive] ◆practices that discriminate against women歧视妇女的做法◆It is illegal to discriminate on grounds of race, sex or religion.因种族、性别或宗教信仰而进行歧视是违法的。■ prejudice ˈpredʒudɪs [uncountable, countable] (disapproving) an unreasonable dislike or negative attitude towards a particular person or group of people, especially when it is based on their race, religion, sex, etc. （尤指因种族、宗教或性别等形成的）偏见，成见◆Prejudice towards new immigrants meant that many were unable to find work.对新移民的偏见导致他们很多人找不到工作。◆He was just talking out of blind prejudice.他所说的话完全是出于盲目的成见。◆I'm afraid all the debate did was confirm my own prejudices.这次辩论的作用恐怕只是证实了我自己的偏见而已。ⓘ You can also have a prejudice in favour of a particular person or group, but this is less common than its negative meaning. * prejudice也可表示对特定的个人或群体的偏爱，但不如其负面意义常用◆I must admit to a prejudice in favour of British universities.我得承认我对英国大学有所偏爱。   see also prejudiced ⇨ biased ■ bias ˈbaɪəs [uncountable, countable, usually singular] (disapproving) a strong feeling in favour of or against a particular group or side in an argument, often not based on a fair judgement 偏见；偏心；偏向◆There is plenty of evidence of gender bias in the classroom.大量证据表明课堂上存在性别偏见。◆Employers must consider all candidates without bias.雇主必须毫无成见地考虑所有求职者。◆There is a systematic bias in favour of employers in this country.这个国家体制上存在偏袒雇主的问题。  see also biased ⇨ biased ■ apartheid əˈpɑːtaɪt, əˈpɑːteɪt; NAmE əˈpɑːrtaɪt, əˈpɑːrteɪt [uncountable] the former political system in South Africa in which only white people had full political and social rights and other people, especially black people, were forced to live away from white people, go to separate schools, etc. 种族隔离（昔日南非的政治制度）◆Under apartheid, white people were not allowed to marry non-white people.种族隔离制度不允许白人与非白人通婚。◆He was jailed for advocating the violent overthrow of the apartheid system.他因倡导武力推翻种族隔离制度而入狱。ⓘ Although the apartheid system no longer exists in South Africa, the word apartheid is sometimes used about other situations in which one group of people is treated much worse than a more powerful group. 虽然种族隔离制度在南非已不复存在，但apartheid一词有时会用于其他场合，表示某个群体相对于另一更强势的群体而受到严重不公正的待遇◆ (disapproving) It was a system of educational apartheid in which children were divided, at the age of eleven, into 'achievers' and 'non-achievers'.孩子们在11岁时就被划分为成功者和失败者，这是一种教育隔离制度。   see also segregation ⇨ division 1 ■ afˌfirmative ˈaction əˈfɜːmətɪv; NAmE əˈfɜːrmətɪv [uncountable] (usually approving) (in the US) the policy of giving special treatment or preference to members of groups likely to suffer discrimination, especially on the grounds of race 积极区别对待（美国对可能遭受种族歧视的人给予特别照顾的政策）◆The City Council implemented the affirmative action hiring plan in response to critics' charges that the police department did not reflect the city's racial make-up.针对警察局的人员构成不能体现该城市种族结构的批评，市政委员会实施了一项积极区别对待的雇用计划。■ intolerance ɪnˈtɒlərəns; NAmE ɪnˈtɑːlərəns [uncountable] (rather formal, disapproving) the refusal to accept ideas or ways of behaving that are different from your own 偏执；褊狭；不容异见◆Refugees are people whose lives have been shattered by intolerance, persecution, torture and fear of death.所谓难民，就是那些生活被偏执、迫害、折磨和对死亡的恐惧所摧毁的人们。 OPP tolerance ⇨ patience   see also intolerant ⇨ biased ■ favouritism (BrE) (NAmE favoritism) ˈfeɪvərɪtɪzəm [uncountable] (disapproving) a situation in which sb, especially sb in authority, treats one person better than others; the act of doing this 偏爱；偏袒◆She tries not to show any favouritism towards her own children.她尽量不对自己的孩子表现出偏心。

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