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IELTS BNC: 551 COCA: 504
model
mɒdəl ˈmɑdəl
Word forms: plural , 3rd person singular present tense models, present participle modelling, past tense , past participle modelled
in AM, use 美国英语用 modeling, modeled
1 N-COUNT 模型 A model of an object is a physical representation that shows what it looks like or how it works. The model is often smaller than the object it represents. 模型

  • ...an architect's model of a wooden house. [+ of]

    一幢木屋的建筑模型

  • ...a working scale model of the whole Bay Area. [+ of]

    实际应用的整个旧金山湾区比例模型

  • I made a model out of paper and glue.

    我用纸和胶水制作了一个模型。

SYN representation, image, copy, miniature
Model is also an adjective.

  • I had made a model aeroplane.

    我做了一架模型飞机。

  • ...a model railway.

    铁路模型

2 N-COUNT 模范;榜样 A model is a system that is being used and that people might want to copy in order to achieve similar results. 模范;榜样 [formal]

  • We believe that this is a general model of managerial activity.

    我们认为这可以作为管理活动的普遍范例。

  • He wants companies to follow the European model of social responsibility. [+ of]

    他希望各公司能够以欧洲公司为榜样，承担社会责任。

3 N-COUNT (理论描述的)模型 A model of a system or process is a theoretical description that can help you understand how the system or process works, or how it might work. (理论描述的)模型 [technical, formal]

  • Darwin eventually put forward a model of biological evolution. [+ of]

    达尔文最终提出了生物进化的模型。

  • He proposed a model of stress reaction in the body.

    他提出了一个人体内应激反应的模型。

4 VERB 创立(系统或过程）的（理论描述)模型 If someone such as a scientist models a system or process, they make an accurate theoretical description of it in order to understand or explain how it works. 创立(系统或过程）的（理论描述)模型 [technical, formal]

  • ...the mathematics needed to model a nonlinear system like an atmosphere. [VERB noun]

    创立诸如大气层之类的非线性系统的模型所需的数学知识

5 N-COUNT （某种特质的）典型，典范 If you say that someone or something is a model of a particular quality, you are showing approval of them because they have that quality to a large degree. （某种特质的）典型，典范 [approval]

  • A model of good manners, he has conquered any inward fury. [+ of]

    作为一个非常懂礼貌的人，他已经学会了克制内心的任何愤怒情绪。

  • His marriage and family life is a model of propriety.

    他的婚姻和家庭生活都是规规矩矩的。

6 ADJ [ADJ n] 模范的;榜样的 You use model to express approval of someone when you think that they perform their role or duties extremely well. 模范的;榜样的 [approval]

  • As a girl she had been a model pupil.

    还是个小女孩的时候，她就是一个模范学生。

  • Hospital staff say he is a model patient.

    医务人员说他是一个模范病人。

7 VERB 按特定模型制造;仿特定样式做出 If one thing is modelled on another, the first thing is made so that it is like the second thing in some way. 按特定模型制造;仿特定样式做出

  • The quota system was modelled on those operated in America and continental Europe. [be V-ed + on/after]

    该配额制度是仿照美国以及欧洲大陆国家的同类制度制定的。

  • The program will be modeled after a popular BBC series called 'The Archers'. [be V-ed on/after n]

    这个节目将仿照英国广播公司的人气系列剧《阿彻一家》制作。

  • She asked the author if she had modelled her hero on anybody in particular. [V n + on/after]

    她问作者书中的主人公是否是以某个人为原型。

SYN base, shape, plan, found
8 VERB 使仿效;使模仿 If you model yourself on someone, you copy the way that they do things, because you admire them and want to be like them. 使仿效;使模仿

  • There's absolutely nothing wrong in modelling yourself on an older woman. [V pron-refl + on/after]

    以年纪较长的女性作为自己仿效的对象绝没有什么不对。

  • They will tend to model their behaviour on the teacher's behaviour. [V n + on/after]

    他们会倾向于模仿老师的行为举止。

9 N-COUNT (机器等的)型号 A particular model of a machine is a particular version of it. →see usage note at: brand (机器等的)型号

  • To keep the cost down, opt for a basic model.

    要想花钱少些，就选择基本的型号。

  • The model number is 1870/285.

    该型号的编号为1870/285。

10 N-COUNT (绘画或雕塑的)模特儿 An artist's model is a person who stays still in a particular position so that the artist can make a picture or sculpture of them. (绘画或雕塑的)模特儿
11 VERB （为艺术家）当模特儿 If someone models for an artist, they stay still in a particular position so that the artist can make a picture or sculpture of them. （为艺术家）当模特儿 [Also VERB]

  • Tullio has been modelling for Sandra for eleven years. [VERB + for]

    图利奥已为桑德拉做了11年的模特儿。

12 N-COUNT （时装）模特儿 A fashion model is a person whose job is to display clothes by wearing them. （时装）模特儿

  • ...Paris's top photographic fashion model.

    巴黎顶尖时装摄影模特儿

13 VERB 当模特儿展示（服装） If someone models clothes, they display them by wearing them. 当模特儿展示（服装）

  • I wasn't here to model clothes. [VERB noun]

    我不是到这里来当时装模特儿的。

  • She began modelling in Paris aged 15. [VERB]

    她15岁就开始在巴黎做时装模特儿。

modelling

  • She was being offered a modelling contract.

    她获得了一份做时装模特儿的合约。

14 VERB (用黏土、木头等)做…的模型;塑造 If you model shapes or figures, you make them out of a substance such as clay or wood. (用黏土、木头等)做…的模型;塑造

  • There she began to model in clay. [VERB]

    在那儿她开始用黏土做模型。

  • Sometimes she carved wood and sometimes stone; sometimes she modelled clay. [VERB noun]

    她有时刻木雕，有时刻石雕，有时塑泥塑。

  • The artist recorded interviews on a variety of topics and modelled an appropriate animal for each voice. [VERB noun]

    这位艺术家把关于各种话题的访谈录了下来，并为每种声音塑造了一个贴切的动物模型。

SYN shape, form, design, fashion
15 See also: role model 
Quotations
Rules and models destroy genius and art William Hazlitt Sketches and Essays
Word PartnershipWord Link
Word PartnershipUse model with:
VERB.

build a model, make a model 1

base something on a model, follow a model, serve as a model 1 2 3

N.

business model 3

ADJ.

basic model, current model, latest model, new model, standard model 3 9

Word Linkmod ≈ measure, manner : mode, model, modern
Trends of model
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IELTS BNC: 551 COCA: 504
model

noun¹

 1copy of sth複製品ADJECTIVE | VERB + MODEL | MODEL + NOUN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤full-scale, scale原尺寸／縮尺模型▸➤three-dimensional三維模型▸➤detailed仿真模型▸➤working工作模型▸➤clay, plastic, wooden, etc.泥製、塑料、木製等模型VERB + MODEL➤assemble, build, construct, make組裝模型；建造模型；製作模型MODEL + NOUN➤aeroplane, airplane, car, railroad, railway, train飛機模型；汽車模型；鐵路模型；火車模型PREPOSITION➤model of⋯的模型◇She made a fantastic clay model of her dog.她照着自己的狗做了一個維妙維肖的泥塑。
model

noun²

 2type of product產品類型ADJECTIVE | VERB + MODEL ADJECTIVE➤de luxe, luxury, popular豪華型；大眾型➤basic, standard基本型；標準型▸➤latest, new最新型號；新款VERB + MODEL➤do, make, produce, release製作／製造／生產／發佈某型號產品◇They do several other models of washing machine.他們還生產其他幾種型號的洗衣機。◇Later that year, IBM released a similar model at a lower price.那年晚些時候，國際商用機器公司發佈了一款價格更為低廉的相似產品。➤sell售賣某型號產品▸➤design, develop設計／開發某型號產品▸➤recall召回某型號產品◇They're recalling their new model for modifications to the engine.他們正召回新款汽車以對其發動機加以改進。
model

noun³

 3example實例ADJECTIVE | VERB + MODEL | MODEL + NOUN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤excellent, good傑出的／優秀的典範➤role行為榜樣➤simple簡單的範式◇We follow a simple accounting model.我們採用一種簡單的核算模式。➤classical, standard, traditional經典／標準／傳統模式◇the standard economic model of supply and demand標準的供求關係經濟模型➤alternative可替換模式◇They offer an alternative model of married life.他們提供了婚姻生活的另一種模式。➤conceptual, experimental, statistical, theoretical概念／實驗／統計學／理論模型➤explanatory解釋性模型▸➤business, clinical, economic, mathematical, medical, political, scientific商業模型；臨牀模式；經濟模型；數學模型；醫學模式；政治模式；科學模式▸➤computer計算機模型VERB + MODEL➤give sb, present, propose, provide (sb with)（給某人）提供範例；提出範例◇The tape provides a model for students to copy.磁帶為學生提供了模仿的範例。➤construct, develop構建／開發模型◇She developed a computer model to help farmers with pest control.她開發了一個幫助農民控制蟲害的計算機模型。➤adapt, refine, simplify修改／改善／簡化模型▸➤copy仿效範例▸➤adopt, use採用／使用範例➤fit適合模型◇The book fits the classic model of a postmodern narrative.該書屬於後現代敍事的經典模型。➤be based on範例基於⋯MODEL + NOUN➤citizen, pupil, student (especially NAmE) 模範公民；模範學生◇In school, he works hard and is a model student.在學校，他學習用功，是一名模範學生。➤home (NAmE) 模範之家PREPOSITION➤model of⋯的模範◇She was a model of restraint.她極有克制力，堪稱典範。➤model for供⋯仿效的模範◇Successful schools must be used as models for the rest.其他學校須效仿成功的學校。
model

noun⁴

 4person who models模特ADJECTIVE | VERB + MODEL | MODEL + VERB ADJECTIVE➤artist's, glamour/glamor, photographic藝術模特兒；（為拍照而裸露上身的）性感女模；攝影模特兒▸➤female, male女時裝模特兒；男時裝模特兒▸➤top頂尖的時裝模特兒▸➤catwalk, fashion, runway (NAmE) 時裝模特兒VERB + MODEL➤photograph, pose, shoot給模特兒拍照；讓模特兒擺姿勢MODEL + VERB➤pose for sb/sth, sit for sb/sth模特兒為⋯擺出姿勢／為⋯坐着◇The model sits for me for three hours every day.模特兒每天要坐 3 個小時讓我創作。  ➡ note at job
model

verb

ADVERB | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤closely嚴格地模仿➤loosely粗略地模仿➤accurately, realistically精確地／真實地模擬◇We can accurately model the development process.我們可以精確地模擬那個發展過程。➤consciously, explicitly有意／明顯地模仿◇They tried to model the election campaign consciously on Clinton's success.他們試圖有意識地仿效克林頓的成功競選之路。PREPOSITION➤on, upon仿效⋯◇We aim to model the system on one used in French hospitals.我們打算仿照法國醫院所使用的系統。
IELTS BNC: 551 COCA: 504
model noun
⇨ model (provide a model for sb to copy) ⇨ brand (the latest model) ⇨ copy 2 (a model aeroplane) ⇨ example 2 (a model student)model verb
⇨ simulatemodel

noun

model ♦︎ pattern ♦︎ prototype ♦︎ precedent ♦︎ blueprint ♦︎ templateThese are all words for sth that can be copied by other people. 这些词均表示样本、范例、模板。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a model / pattern / prototype / precedent / blueprint / template for sth◆to provide / serve as / act as a model / prototype / precedent / blueprint / template◆to develop / create a model / prototype / blueprint / template◆to set a pattern / precedent◆to follow / copy a model / pattern / precedent / blueprint / template■ model [countable] an example of sth such as a system that can be copied by other people 样本；范例◆The nation's constitution provided a model that other countries followed.这个国家的宪法成了别国仿效的范例。   see also model yourself/sth on sb/sth ⇨ follow 4 , model ⇨ example 2 ■ pattern [countable, usually singular] an excellent example of sth such as a system that other people should copy 范例；典范；样板◆This system sets the pattern for others to follow.这个系统堪为他人仿效的典范。NOTE 辨析 Model or pattern?A system or organization is/provides a model but sets a pattern for people to follow. A pattern is always an excellent example and one that people should follow; a model is an example that people do follow, although this is usually because it works well. 表示某一系统或组织可供人仿效可以说be/provide a model或set a pattern。pattern总是指人们应该仿效的优秀榜样、典范；model指通常因运转良好而确实为人们所仿效的范例。■ prototype ˈprəʊtətaɪp; NAmE ˈproʊtətaɪp [countable] the first design of sth from which other forms are copied or developed 原型；雏形；最初形态◆He produced designs for the prototype of the modern bicycle.他设计了现代自行车的雏形。■ precedent ˈpresɪdənt [countable, uncountable] (rather formal) an official action or decision that has been taken in the past and that is seen as an example or rule to be followed in a similar situation later 可援用参考的具体例子；实例；范例◆The ruling set a precedent for future libel cases.这项裁决为今后的诽谤案提供了判例。◆The decision of the local authority was based on historical precedent.地方当局的决定是以历史前例为依据的。■ blueprint ˈbluːprɪnt [countable] a plan which shows what can be achieved and how it can be achieved; a model showing how sth should be done or made 行动方案；计划蓝图；模型；模板◆The government has published a blueprint for an integrated transport system.政府公布了建设综合联运体系的方案。◆They see the device as the blueprint for all future chip design.他们把这个装置视为未来所有芯片设计的模板。■ template [countable] a thing that is used as a model for producing other similar examples 样板；范例；模板◆If you need to write a lot of similar letters, set up a template on your computer.如果你需要写许多类似的信件，就在计算机上设一个模板。
IELTS BNC: 551 COCA: 504
model
Originals and copies of things: original, copy, transcript...
A typical or good example of something: example, instance, case...
Something or someone that is good or very good: masterpiece, inspiration, miracle...
The fashion industry: bespoke, catwalk, collection...
Relating to the work of an artist: aesthetic, cherub, commission...
Products and groups of products: brand, brand leader, brand name...
Descriptions and stories: description, story, picture...
To describe or define something: describe, define, illustrate...
Models and describing models and images: cardboard cut-out, cast, cast...
To create a work of art or craft: work, create, base on...
Perfect and perfectly: perfect, perfectly, ideal...

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