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cold adj.
⇨ cold 1 (cold water/weather) ⇨ cold 2 (a cold look) cold 1 cold water/weather/hands 冷水；冷天；冰冷的手 a cold look of disapproval 不满的冷漠表情 cold ♦︎ cool ♦︎ chilly ♦︎ chill ♦︎ lukewarm ♦︎ tepid ♦︎ crisp These words all describe sb/sth that has a low temperature. 这些词均表示温度低。 SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达寒冷的程度
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配 ◆ a cold / cool / chilly / chill / crisp day / morning ◆ a cold / cool / chilly night / afternoon / evening ◆ cold / cool / chilly / chill / crisp air ◆ a cold / cool / chilly / chill wind ◆ cold / cool / chilly weather ◆ cold / cool / lukewarm / tepid water ◆ a cold / cool / lukewarm / tepid shower ◆ a cold / lukewarm / tepid bath ◆ a cold / cool temperature ◆ cold / lukewarm / tepid tea / coffee / food ◆ a cold / cool climate / drink ◆ to feel cold / cool / chilly ◆ to get cold / cool / chilly ◆ It's cold / chilly outside.■ cold having a temperature that is lower than usual or lower than the human body; (of food or drink) not heated; cooled after being cooked 寒冷的；冷的；（食物或饮料）未加热的，凉的；放凉了的 ◆ I'm cold. Turn the heating up.我觉得冷，把暖气调高一点儿。 ◆ It's freezing cold!冷得要命！ ◆ The stream was icy cold.溪水冰冷彻骨。 ◆ A cold wind blew.一阵冷风吹了过来。 ◆ It was the coldest winter on record.这是有记录以来最冷的冬天。 ◆ Every room has hot and cold water.每个房间都有冷热水。 ◆ It's cold chicken for lunch.午餐吃鸡肉冷盘。 OPP hot , warm ⇨ hot , mild ⇨ sunny ▸ cold [uncountable ] ◆ He shivered with cold.他冷得直哆嗦。 ◆ Don't stand outside in the cold .别站在外面冻着。 ◆ She doesn't seem to feel the cold .她好像并不觉得冷。 ▸ coldness [uncountable ] ◆ the icy coldness of the water水冰冷刺骨 ■ cool (approving ) fairly cold, especially in a pleasant way 凉爽的；凉快的 ◆ a long cool drink一大杯冷饮 ◆ Store medicines in a cool dry place.将药品存放在凉爽干燥的地方。 ◆ A cool breeze played in the trees.林间凉风习习。 ◆ Cooler weather is forecast for the weekend.天气预报说周末天气较凉。 ◆ The water was blissfully cool.水沁心凉。 ◆ Let's sit in the shade and keep cool.咱们坐在背阴处乘凉吧。 OPP warm ⇨ hot cool ⇨ cool verb ■ chilly (informal ) too cold to be comfortable 寒冷的；阴冷的 ◆ Bring a coat. It might turn chilly later.带件外套，晚点可能会转冷。 ◆ She was beginning to feel chilly.她开始感到寒意。 ◆ The room was uncomfortably chilly.房间里很阴冷。 ■ chill (formal ) (especially of the weather, wind or air) unpleasantly cold （天气）寒冷的；（风或空气）冷飕飕的 ◆ the chill grey dawn阴冷的拂晓 ◆ Their breath steamed in the chill air.大冷天他们呵气都起雾了。 ◆ It was a chill day in February.那是2月里的一个冷天。 ▸ chill [singular ] ◆ There's a chill in the air this morning.今天早上寒气袭人。 NOTE 辨析 Chilly is more informal than chill . People can feel chilly but they do not usually 'feel chill'. It is more usual to say: It's quite chilly outside. but: A chill wind was blowing. * chilly不如chill正式。可以说feel chilly，通常不说feel chill。一般说It's quite chilly outside，但也说A chill wind was blowing。 ■ lukewarm ˌluːkˈwɔːm; NAmE ˌluːkˈwɔːrm (not used in comparative forms 不用于比较级形式 ) (disapproving ) slightly warm, sometimes in an unpleasant way 微温的；温吞的 ◆ The food was barely lukewarm.食物温吞而已。 ◆ Add half a cup of lukewarm water to the mixture.往混合物中加半杯温水。 ■ tepid ˈtepɪd (not used in comparative forms 不用于比较级形式 ) (disapproving ) lukewarm 微温的；温吞的 ◆ The tea was weak and tepid.茶寡淡而温吞。 ◆ She stood under the tepid shower.她站着淋温水浴。 NOTE 辨析 这两个词的含义和用法实际上没有差别。 ■ crisp (approving ) (of the air or weather) pleasantly dry and cold （空气或天气）干冷舒适的，凉爽的 ◆ It was a crisp winter morning.那是一个清冷干爽的冬日早晨。 ◆ The air was crisp and clear and the sky was blue.空气清新凉爽，天空一片湛蓝。 cold 2 cold water/weather/hands 冷水；冷天；冰冷的手 a cold look of disapproval 不满的冷漠表情 cold ♦︎ impersonal ♦︎ unfriendly ♦︎ cool ♦︎ aloof ♦︎ frosty ♦︎ remote ♦︎ distant These words all describe a person or place that is not friendly or lacks feeling. 这些词均表示冷漠的、不友好的。 SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达冷漠或不友好的程度
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配 ◆ unfriendly / cool towards sb ◆ a cold / an unfriendly / a cool / a frosty look ◆ a cold / an impersonal / an unfriendly / a cool / an aloof / a frosty manner ◆ a cold / an unfriendly / a cool voice ◆ a cold / cool / frosty stare ◆ a cold / an unfriendly / a cool glance ◆ a cool / frosty reception ◆ an impersonal / an unfriendly / a cool attitude ■ cold (disapproving ) without emotion; not friendly 冷漠的；不友好的 ◆ Her manner was cold and distant .她的态度冷漠而疏远。 ◆ He was portrayed as a cold, calculating terrorist.他被描绘成一个冷酷而工于心计的恐怖分子。 ◆ He was staring at her with cold eyes .他冷冷地盯着她。 OPP warm ⇨ friendly 1 ▸ coldly ◆ to stare / smile / reply coldly冷漠地盯；冷冷地笑；冷淡地回答 ▸ coldness [uncountable ] ◆ She was hurt by the coldness in his voice.他说话的冷漠语气让她伤心。 ■ impersonal (disapproving ) lacking friendly human feelings or atmosphere; making you feel unimportant 缺乏人情味的；冷淡的 ◆ Business letters do not always need to be impersonal and formal.商业信函不一定就总得语气正式且缺乏人情味。 ◆ The hotel room looked bare and impersonal.旅馆的房间空荡荡、冷冰冰的。 OPP personal ⓘ A personal service or action is done for a particular person rather than for a large group of people or people in general; the term is used to suggest a warm and friendly service. 以personal修饰的服务或行为是针对某一个人，而不是面向群体或大众的。该词常用来形容服务亲切周到、切合个人需要 ◆ We offer a personal service to all our customers.我们为所有顾客提供个性化服务。 ■ unfriendly not kind or pleasant to sb 不友好的；冷漠的；有敌意的 ◆ The report said that the Church can appear unfriendly to outsiders.报道说，教会对外人可能显得不太客气。 ◆ The atmosphere in the room was distinctly unfriendly.房间里的气氛明显很冷淡。 OPP friendly ⇨ friendly 1 ■ cool not friendly, interested or enthusiastic 不友好的；冷淡的；不感兴趣的 ◆ She was decidedly cool about the proposal.她显然对提案不感兴趣。 ◆ He has been cool towards me ever since we had the argument.自从我们吵了一架，他一直待我很冷淡。 OPP warm ⇨ friendly 1 ▸ coolly ◆ He received my suggestion coolly.他对我的建议反应冷淡。 ■ aloof əˈluːf [not usually before noun ] (written ) not friendly or interested in other people 冷淡；冷漠 ◆ She had always kept herself aloof from her colleagues.她以往跟同事的关系一向疏离。 ■ frosty not friendly, in a way that suggests that sb does not approve of sth 冷淡的；冷若冰霜的 ◆ He received a frosty reception from the US media.他遭到了美国媒体的冷遇。 ▸ frostily ◆ 'No thank you,' she said frostily.“不，谢了。”她冷冷地说。 ■ remote [not usually before noun ] not friendly; not letting other people get to know you 不友好；不让人接近 ◆ He somehow remains a remote figure.他总是和别人保持距离。 ▸ remoteness [uncountable ] ◆ His remoteness made her feel unloved.他的冷漠使她觉得他不爱她。 ■ distant remote 不友好；不让人接近 ◆ He seemed distant and distracted.他显得冷淡而心不在焉。 distance ⇨ division 2
adjective
| lukewarm | ➔ | cool | ➔ | chilly | ➔ | cold |
| tepid | chill | |||||
| crisp |
noun
noun
usually
rather
rather
noun
often
often
adjective
| impersonal | ➔ | cold | ➔ | frosty |
| cool | unfriendly | |||
| aloof | ||||
| remote | ||||
| distant |
adverb
noun
usually
adverb
adverb
noun
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