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BNC: 183 COCA: 170
turn verb
⇨ turn 1 (turn your head away) ⇨ turn 2 (turn sb into a frog) ⇨ aim (turn a gun on sb) ⇨ become (turn brown/cold/sour) ⇨ curve (The road turns east.) ⇨ focus (turn your attention to sth) ⇨ spin (turn the wheel)turn noun
⇨ corner (make a left turn) ⇨ junction (take the next turn) ⇨ opportunity (Wait your turn.)turn1

verb

 turn away/turn your head away 转头；扭头turn sb into a frog 把某人变成一只青蛙turn left/the cornerturn ♦︎ turn (sb/sth) around/round ♦︎ swing ♦︎ twist ♦︎ spin ♦︎ wheel ♦︎ whirl ♦︎ swivel ♦︎ pivotThese words all mean to move your body or part of your body in order to face another direction. 这些词均表示转身、扭转身体部位。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to turn / swing / twist / spin / wheel / whirl / swivel / pivot around / round◆to turn / swing / spin / wheel / whirl / swivel back / away◆to turn / turn around / swing / spin / whirl / swivel / pivot on sth◆to turn / twist / swivel your head◆to turn / turn around / swing / twist / spin / wheel / whirl around / swivel to face sb / sth◆to turn / turn around / swing / spin / wheel / whirl suddenly◆to turn / turn around / swing / spin / wheel sharply / quickly◆to turn / turn around / twist slowly■ turn [intransitive, transitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to move your body or part of your body in order to face or start moving in a different direction 转身；扭转（身体部位）◆We turned and headed for home.我们转身朝家走去。◆He turned back to his work.他转过身继续工作。◆Anne flushed and turned her head away.安妮脸一红，把头扭向别处。◆While his back was turned I sneaked a look at his notes.他背过身时我偷看了一下他的笔记。■ ˌturn aˈround■ ˌturn ˈround■ ˌturn sb/sth aˈround■ ˌturn sb/sth ˈround

phrasal verb

to change position or direction in order to face the other way; to make sb/sth do this （使）翻身，转身，翻转◆Turn around and let me look at you.转过身让我看看你。◆Turn your chair round.把你的椅子转过来。ⓘ In turn around/round and the other verbs in this group, round is used especially in British English, and around especially in American English. 在turn around/round和本组其他动词中，round尤用于英式英语，around尤用于美式英语。■ swing (swung, swung) [intransitive, transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to turn or change direction suddenly; to make sb/sth do this （使）突然转向，突然转身◆The bus swung sharply to the left.公共汽车猛地拐向左边。◆She swung around angrily, her eyes blazing.她生气地转过身，两眼怒火中烧。◆He swung the car round in a dangerous U-turn.他不顾危险一下子将车180度回转。■ twist [intransitive, transitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to turn part of your body around while the rest stays still 扭转，转动（身体部位）◆She twisted in her chair to look.她坐在椅子上扭身来看。◆Hold your arms out to the sides and twist your upper body.保持双臂伸向两侧，转动上半身。■ spin [intransitive, transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to turn around quickly once; to make sb/sth do this （使）急转身，猛转回头，急转弯◆She spun on her heel and walked out.她把脚后跟一转，走了出去。◆He spun the child roughly around.他粗暴地将孩子的身子扭过来。■ wheel [intransitive, transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) (written) to turn quickly or suddenly to face the opposite direction; to make sb/sth do this （使）迅速转身，猛然转身◆Jim wheeled back to face me.吉姆猛地回过身来，面对着我。◆He wheeled his horse around.他突然掉转马头。■ whirl wɜːl; NAmE wɜːrl [intransitive, transitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) (written) to turn quickly or suddenly to face the opposite direction; to make sb do this （使）迅速转身，猛然转身◆She whirled on him, furious.她突然转身，愤怒地对着他。◆He grasped her wrist and whirled her back to face him.他抓住她的手腕，猛地把她扭过身来面对着他。ⓘ In this meaning whirl is only used about people; they are usually acting under a strong emotion, especially anger. 表达此义时，whirl仅用于人，通常是人在强烈情绪下，尤其是生气时的动作。■ swivel ˈswɪvl (-ll-, NAmE -l-) [intransitive, transitive] (written) to turn or move your body, eyes or head around quickly to face another direction 转身；转动（身体、眼睛或头）◆He swivelled around to look at her.他转过身来看着她。◆I swivelled my head to peer at him.我转过头端详着他。■ pivot ˈpɪvət [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to turn or balance on a central point （使）在枢轴上旋转（或平衡）◆He pivoted on one foot and threw the ball to Gary.他单脚支撑转身，将球投给加里。◆The mechanism pivots around a central point.那个机械装置沿着中轴转动。turn2

verb

 turn away/turn your head away 转头；扭头turn sb into a frog 把某人变成一只青蛙turn left/the cornerturn ♦︎ transform ♦︎ convert ♦︎ change ♦︎ translate ♦︎ evolve ♦︎ mutate ♦︎ metamorphoseThese words all mean to change in appearance or character, or to make the appearance or character of sth change. 这些词均表示外观或性质发生改变，或使之改变。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to turn / transform sth / convert / change / translate / evolve / mutate / metamorphose into sth◆to turn / transform sth / convert / change / evolve / mutate / metamorphose from sth into sth◆to turn / transform sth / convert / change / evolve / mutate rapidly (into sth)◆to turn / transform sth / convert / change / evolve quickly / slowly / gradually (into sth)◆to turn / transform sth / change suddenly / miraculously / overnight (into sth)◆to transform / convert / change sth completely◆to easily / automatically turn / transform sth / convert / change / translate (into sth)■ turn [intransitive, transitive] (always used with into or from and to 总是与into、from和to连用) to change into sb/sth different; to make sb/sth change into sth different （使）变成，成为◆The natural sugars turn into alcohol during brewing.天然糖分在酿造过程中变成酒精。◆The problem turned into an advantage.那个困难转而成了优势。◆The leaves gradually turn from green to orange.叶子逐渐从绿变橘黄。◆There are plans to turn the old station into a hotel.有将旧车站改成旅馆的计划。ⓘ In fairy stories, a person who is able to do magic might turn sb into sth. 童话故事中，turn sb into sth可指会施魔法的人将某人变成别的东西◆With a wave of her wand, she turned him into a frog.她魔杖一挥，将他变成了一只青蛙。In everyday English, sb might turn into, or circumstances might turn sb into a criminal, a gambler, a tyrant, a hero or a film star; or people might turn a building into a hotel or a house into a home. You can also use turn into sth or turn sth into sth when you are describing the way a situation changes, or people change a situation. 在日常英语中，可以说sb turn into，也可以说环境turn sb into a criminal/gambler/tyrant/hero/film star，指某人成为或受环境影响而变成罪犯、赌徒、暴君、英雄或影星。还可以说turn a building into a hotel（将建筑变成旅馆）或turn a house into a home（将房子变成家）。也可用turn into sth或turn sth into sth描述情况发生变化或人为改变了情况◆What began as a minor disagreement has turned into a major crisis.开始的小分歧已经变成大危机。◆I managed to turn the whole thing into a joke.我尽量做到对整件事一笑置之。 ■ transform [transitive] to completely change the appearance or character of sth, especially so that it is better; to change the form of sth 使（外观或性质）彻底改变（尤指变好）；使（形态）转变◆A new colour scheme will transform your bedroom.新的配色将使你的卧室焕然一新。◆It was an event that would transform my life.那是一件能彻底改变我一生的事。◆The photochemical reactions transform the light into electrical impulses.光化反应使光变为电脉冲。ⓘ In everyday English, transform usually suggests that the change has been particularly dramatic; in scientific contexts transform does not necessarily refer to a dramatic change. 在日常用语中，transform通常意味着发生富有戏剧性的变化；在科学语境中，transform并不一定指发生戏剧性的变化。▸ transformation ˌtrænsfəˈmeɪʃn; NAmE ˌtrænsfərˈmeɪʃn

noun

 [countable, uncountable] (especially written) ◆The country's transformation from dictatorship to democracy has been peaceful.这个国家从独裁向民主的转型是和平进行的。◆What a transformation! You look great.真是判若两人！你看上去棒极了。■ convert kənˈvɜːt; NAmE kənˈvɜːrt [transitive, intransitive] to change or make sth change from one form, purpose or system to another; to be able to be changed from one form, purpose, or system to another （使在形态、用途或系统上）转变，转换，转化；可转变为◆The hotel is going to be converted into a nursing home.那家旅馆将被改建成私人疗养院。◆Hot water is converted to electricity by a turbine.涡轮将热水转变成电能。◆We've converted from coal to gas central heating.我们已由燃煤改换成燃气集中供暖。◆We need a sofa that converts into a bed.我们需要一个可改作床用的沙发。ⓘ Convert is often used to talk about changing old buildings to make them suitable for people to live in. * convert常指改变旧建筑物，使其适合人居住◆to convert a church / farm buildings / a barn / a house / stables / a mill (into sth)改建教堂／农场建筑／谷仓／房子／马厩／工厂（成⋯）◆They live in a converted church / barn / mill.他们住在一个由教堂／谷仓／工厂改建而成的房子里。 Convert is often used without an object to talk about changing from one type of service to another. * convert常不带宾语，指从一种服务类型转向另一种◆All homes must convert to digital TV by 2012, when the analogue signal will be switched off.到2012年，所有家庭必须转为使用数字电视，届时模拟信号将会关闭。It is also used to talk about changing money from one currency to another, or changing the way money is held. * convert亦可指兑换货币或改变持有金钱的方式◆to convert securities into shares将证券转换成股票   see also conversion ⇨ change noun 2 , convertible ⇨ flexible 1 ■ change [intransitive, transitive] (always used with into or from and to 总是与into、from和to连用) to pass or make sb/sth pass from one state or form into another （使状态或形态）变换，改变，变成◆Caterpillars change into butterflies.毛虫变成蝴蝶。◆The lights changed from red to green.交通灯已由红变绿。◆With a wave of her wand, she changed the frog into a handsome prince.她魔杖一挥，把青蛙变成了英俊的王子。NOTE 辨析 Turn or change? Change is only used in cases where sth changes naturally, automatically or by magic (although you can also use turn in these cases). Change is not usually used when people use their effort or skill to change one thing or situation into sth different, or when circumstances change a situation. * change仅用于某物自然、自动或被施魔法而变化的情形（尽管在这些情况下也可使用turn）。人们经过努力或用技能达成改变或环境改变某种情况时，通常不用change◆There are plans to change the old station into a hotel. ◆I managed to change the whole thing into a joke. ◆A minor disagreement has changed into a major crisis. ■ translate [transitive, intransitive] (rather formal) to change sth, or to be changed, into a different form 使转变；变为◆It's time to translate words into action.是把言语化为行动的时候了。◆I hope all the hard work will translate into profits.我希望所有的辛勤劳动都会有回报。◆Most attempts to translate Shakespeare to the small screen (= television) are not successful.通过电视演绎莎士比亚作品的尝试大多不成功。ⓘ Translate is often used when people are talking about wanting to get good results. * translate常用于人们希望改变以取得好结果的情形◆You need to translate your ideas into practice / your enthusiasm into success.你需要将你的想法付诸实践／将你的热情转化为成功。It is also often used when people are talking about how easy or difficult it is to produce the same thing using a different medium, for example producing a play (which is meant for the theatre) on television, or about adopting a system in a different place. * translate亦常用于人们谈论用不同的方法制作同样东西的难易，例如将一部舞台剧搬上电视荧屏，或将某制度搬到另一地◆I'm not sure how well the American system would translate to a European context.我不知道美国的制度在欧洲的环境下是否合适。 ■ evolve iˈvɒlv; NAmE iˈvɑːlv [intransitive, transitive] (biology 生物) (of plants or animals) to develop gradually over many generations from a simple form to a more complicated one （动植物）进化，进化形成◆The three species evolved from a single ancestor.这三个物种是从同一祖先进化而来的。◆The dolphin has evolved a highly developed jaw.海豚已经进化形成高度发达的下颌。   see also evolve ⇨ develop 1 ▸ evolution ˌiːvəˈluːʃn, ˌevəˈluːʃn

noun

 [uncountable] ◆the evolution of the human species人类的进化■ mutate mjuːˈteɪt; NAmE ˈmjuːteɪt [intransitive, transitive] (biology 生物 or written) to develop or make sth develop a new form or structure, because of a genetic change; to change into a new form （因基因变化而）使变异，使突变；转变；转换◆We are studying the ability of the virus to mutate into new forms.我们正在研究病毒变种的能力。◆Scientists have been able to replace the mutated gene with a normal one.科学家已经能做到用正常基因替换变异的基因。◆Rhythm and blues mutated into rock and roll.节奏蓝调演变成了摇滚乐。ⓘ A genetic change is one that is connected with the units in the cells of a living thing that control its physical characteristics. Mutate is used by writers, either to describe a gradual change into sth unpleasant * genetic change指遗传基因的改变。mutate是书面用语，一是用来描述逐渐朝令人不悦的方向转变◆to mutate into a monster / a writhing, biting snake / rotting vegetation变成怪物／扭动着咬人的蛇／腐烂的植物or to describe a change that seems to take place gradually by itself, often in a strange or unexplained way. 二是用来描述怪异而无从解释的自身的逐渐改变◆Memories had mutated into bizarre myths.回忆已经变成离奇的神话。 ▸ mutation

noun

 [uncountable, countable] ◆These cells have been affected by mutation.这些细胞已经受到突变的影响。◆The disease is caused by genetic mutations.这种疾病是由基因突变所致。■ metamorphose ˌmetəˈmɔːfəʊz; NAmE ˌmetəˈmɔːrfoʊz [intransitive] (formal) to change into sth completely different, especially over a period of time （尤指经过一段时间）发生质变，蜕变◆The caterpillar will eventually metamorphose into a butterfly.毛虫最终将蜕变成蝴蝶。◆She had metamorphosed from an awkward schoolgirl into a beautiful woman.她从一个笨拙别扭的女生蜕变成美女。▸ metamorphosis

noun

 [countable, uncountable] ◆ (formal) We studied the metamorphosis of a caterpillar into a butterfly.我们研究了从毛虫到蝴蝶的蜕变。

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