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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 754 COCA: 963
affect
əfekt æˈfɛkt əˈfɛkt ˈæfˌɛkt
Word forms: 3rd person singular present tense affects, present participle affecting, past tense , past participle affected
1 VERB 影响;使改变 If something affects a person or thing, it influences them or causes them to change in some way. 影响;使改变

  • Nicotine adversely affects the functioning of the heart and arteries. [VERB noun]

    尼古丁会对心脏及动脉功能造成损害。

  • More than seven million people have been affected by drought. [VERB noun]

    已有超过700万的民众受到旱灾的影响。

  • ...the worst-affected areas of Somalia. [VERB-ed]

    索马里受影响最为严重的地区

SYN influence, involve, concern, impact
2 VERB （疾病）侵袭，感染 If a disease affects someone, it causes them to become ill. （疾病）侵袭，感染

  • Arthritis is a crippling disease which affects people all over the world. [VERB noun]

    关节炎是一种会危害全人类健康的致残性疾病。

3 VERB （感情上）打动，震动，使悲伤（或怜悯） If something or someone affects you, they make you feel a strong emotion, especially sadness or pity. （感情上）打动，震动，使悲伤（或怜悯）

  • The divorce affected Jim deeply. [VERB noun]

    离婚对吉姆打击很大。

  • Gregor loved his sister, and her loss clearly still affects him. [VERB noun]

    格雷戈尔爱他的姐姐，她的去世显然仍令他悲伤不已。

SYN emotionally move, touch, upset, overcome
4 VERB 假装；佯装；装出…的样子 If you affect a particular characteristic or way of behaving, you pretend that it is genuine, or natural for you. 假装；佯装；装出…的样子 [literary] [Also VERB to-infinitive]

  • He listened to them, affecting an amused interest. [VERB noun]

    他装作饶有兴致地听他们说话。

  • Ms. Redgrave affects a heavy Italian accent. [VERB noun]

    雷德格雷夫女士假装带有浓重的意大利口音。

SYN put on, assume, adopt, pretend
Usage Note :

  • Note that the noun that comes from affect is effect. You can say that something affects you, or that is has an effect on you. ...the effect that noise has on people in factories. You can also talk about the effect of something. ...the effect of the anaesthetic. Effect can also be a verb. If you effect something such as a change or a repair, you make it happen or do it. This is a fairly formal word. She had effected a few hasty repairs.

    注意，与affect相对应的名词是effect。可以说something affects you，也可以说it has an effect on you。例如：the effect that noise has on people in factories (噪音对工厂里的人们产生的影响）。谈论某事物的效果也可用 effect: the effect of the anaesthetic（麻醉药的作用）。effect也可用作动词，后接 change, repair 等词, 意为使发生或进行，该用法较为正式。例如：She had effected a few hasty repairs（她已经做了一些匆忙的修补）。

Trends of affect
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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 754 COCA: 963
affect

verb¹

 1influence影響ADVERB | VERB + AFFECT ADVERB➤dramatically, greatly, materially, radically, significantly極大地／大大地／實質性／根本地／顯著地影響➤positively積極地影響▸➤barely, hardly, not unduly幾乎沒有影響；並未過分地影響◇Sales did not seem unduly affected.銷售似乎並未受到過分的影響。➤slightly稍有影響▸➤clearly明顯地影響▸➤directly, indirectly直接地／間接地影響➤disproportionately不均衡地影響▸➤adversely, badly, negatively, seriously, severely不利地影響；消極地影響；嚴重地影響VERB + AFFECT➤be likely to很可能影響◇developments that are likely to affect the environment很有可能影響環境的發展
affect

verb²

 2make sb sad/angry使傷心；使生氣ADVERB➤deeply, profoundly使（某人）極度傷心◇Her death affected him deeply.她的死令他悲痛欲絕。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 754 COCA: 963
affect verb
⇨ affect (It won't affect my decision.) ⇨ impress (deeply affected by your experiences) affect

verb

  ➡ See also the entry for influence verb 另见influence动词词条affect ♦︎ involve ♦︎ concern ♦︎ influence ♦︎ work ♦︎ impact ♦︎ take (a) hold ♦︎ leave a mark ♦︎ act ♦︎ colourThese words all mean to have an effect on sb/sth. 这些词均表示对某人或某事物有影响。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to impact / act / leave a mark on sth◆to be involved / concerned in sth◆to affect / influence what happens◆to affect / influence how / why / when / where sth happens◆to affect / influence / colour sb's judgement / attitude◆to directly / indirectly affect / involve / concern / influence / impact on / act on sb / sth◆to adversely / inevitably affect / influence / impact on sth■ affect [transitive, often passive] to have an effect on sb/sth 影响◆How will these changes affect us?这些变化会对我们有什么影响？◆Your opinions will not affect my decision.你的意见不会影响我的决定。◆The south of the country was worst affected by the drought.该国南方旱情最严重。◆The type of audience will affect what you say and how you say it.听众的类型会影响你讲话的内容和方式。  see also effect ⇨ effect noun , bias ⇨ influence verb ■ involve [transitive] to be a situation, event or activity that sb takes part in or is affected by 牵涉；牵连；影响◆There was a serious incident involving a group of youths.有一起严重事件涉及一群年轻人。◆How many vehicles were involved in the crash?这起撞车事故涉及多少辆汽车？■ concern [transitive, often passive] (rather formal) (of an issue, situation or event) to involve sb because they have a particular reason to be interested in it or a particular part to play in it （问题、状况或事件）涉及，牵扯（某人）◆Don't interfere in what doesn't concern you.不要插手跟你无关的事情。◆The meetings were often embarrassing for all concerned.这些会面常常让所有相关人员觉得尴尬。◆The individuals concerned will have some explaining to do.涉及的每个人都要作些解释。NOTE 辨析 Involve or concern? Involve suggests a greater degree of physical activity, when sb is actually doing sth or sth happens to them. * involve较为强调实际活动。某人与此相关，是因为他的所作所为，或因为事情发生在他身上◆an incident concerning a group of youths ◆the vehicles concerned in the crash Concern suggests a greater degree of interest or responsibility, when an issue particularly affects sb, or a situation is caused by sb. * concern较为强调利益或责任。某人与此相关，是因为受到特定影响，或导致某种局面。 ■ influence [transitive] to have an effect on a particular situation and the way it develops 影响；对⋯起作用◆A number of social factors influence life expectancy.诸多社会因素影响人的预期寿命。◆The local climate is influenced by the Gulf Stream.当地气候受湾流影响。◆At college she met the two people who most influenced her career.上大学时，她遇到两个人，对她的事业影响最大。  see also influence ⇨ influence verb , influence ⇨ effect noun ■ work [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to have a particular effect on sb/sth, especially either a positive or negative effect 产生（正面或负面）作用◆Your age can work against you in this job.你的年龄会不利于你做这份工作。◆Speaking Italian should work in his favour.会说意大利语应该对他有好处。■ impact ˈɪmpækt [intransitive, transitive] (especially journalism 尤用于新闻 or business 商业) to have an effect on sth, especially a bad one 有（坏的）影响；有（坏的）作用◆The border dispute could impact on the work of aid agencies.边界争端有可能影响援助机构的工作。◆The company's performance was impacted by the high value of the pound.公司业绩受到了英镑升值的冲击。  see also impact ⇨ effect noun ■ take (a) ˈhold

idiom

to begin to have a strong effect on sth or have complete control over sb/sth; to become very strong 开始有巨大影响；开始完全控制；变得十分强大◆Panic took hold of him and he couldn't move.他惊恐万分，动弹不得。◆It was in the sixties that the cult of the teenager first took hold.正是在上世纪60年代，青少年的狂热崇拜开始蔚然成风。■ leave your ˈmark■ leave a ˈmark■ leave its ˈmark

idiom

to have an effect on sb/sth, especially a bad one, that lasts for a long time 留下久远的（坏）影响◆Such a traumatic experience is bound to leave its mark.这样的痛苦经历肯定会留下烙印。■ act [intransitive](especially of a drug, chemical or physical force) to have a physical effect on sth （药物、化学品或外力）有影响，起作用◆Alcohol acts quickly on the brain.酒精可以对大脑迅速产生影响。◆It took a few minutes for the drug to act.几分钟后药物才起作用。  see also action ⇨ effect noun ■ colour (BrE) (NAmE color) [transitive] to have an effect on sth, especially sb's opinion or attitude, often in a negative way （尤指消极地）影响（观点或态度）◆The experience moulded and coloured her whole life.这次经历影响了她一生。◆Don't let your judgement be coloured by personal feelings.不要让你的判断受到个人感情的影响。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 754 COCA: 963
affect
To have an effect: shape, impact, affect...
To damage or spoil something: damage, spoil, mark...
To make someone feel a particular emotion or strong emotions: affect, provoke, inspire...
To pretend to do or feel something: pretend, fake, simulate...
General words for moods and emotions: mood, emotion, feelings...

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