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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 581 COCA: 672
private
praɪvɪt ˈpraɪvət
Word forms: plural privates
1 ADJ [usually ADJ n] （产业、服务）私立的，私有的，私营的，民营的 Private industries and services are owned or controlled by an individual person or a commercial company, rather than by the state or an official organization. （产业、服务）私立的，私有的，私营的，民营的 [business]

  • ...a joint venture with private industry.

    与私营企业建立的合资企业

  • Bupa runs private hospitals in Britain.

    保柏在英国开办私立医院。

  • Brazil says its constitution forbids the private ownership of energy assets.

    巴西称其宪法禁止个人占有能源资产。

SYN nonpublic, independent, commercial, privatised
privately

  • No other European country had so few privately owned businesses.

    再没有哪个欧洲国家有如此之少的私有企业。

  • She was privately educated at schools in Ireland and Paris.

    她在爱尔兰和巴黎的学校接受过私立教育。

2 ADJ [ADJ n] 个人的；私人的 Private individuals are acting only for themselves, and are not representing any group, company, or organization. 个人的；私人的

  • ...the law's insistence that private citizens are not permitted to have weapons.

    法律坚持要求公民个人不得持有武器

  • The King was on a private visit to enable him to pray at the tombs of his ancestors.

    国王以私人身份出访，以便能够祭拜先祖陵墓。

  • The family tried to bring a private prosecution against him for assault.

    这家人试图以侵犯人身为由对他提起自诉。

3 ADJ [usually ADJ n] （财物等）个人所有的，私有的，私人的 Your private things belong only to you, or may only be used by you. （财物等）个人所有的，私有的，私人的

  • The landowners have had to sell their private aircraft.

    这些土地所有者不得不卖掉自己的私人飞机。

  • They want more State control over private property.

    他们希望加强国家对私有财产的控制。

  • There are 76 individually furnished bedrooms, all with private bathrooms.

    这里有76间陈设各异的卧室，都配有独立卫生间。

  • I took the precaution of clearing out my desk before I left, and only my private secretary knows it.

    我在离开之前预先把桌子整理好了，这一点只有我的私人秘书知道。

4 ADJ [usually ADJ n] （地方、聚会等）非公开的，私人的 Private places or gatherings may be attended only by a particular group of people, rather than by the general public. （地方、聚会等）非公开的，私人的

  • 673 private golf clubs took part in a recent study.

    673家私人高尔夫俱乐部参与了最近的研究。

  • The door is marked 'Private'.

    这扇门上标着“私人房间”。

  • Brian Epstein was buried in a private ceremony at Long Lane Cemetery, Liverpool.

    在利物浦朗雷恩公墓为布赖恩·爱泼斯坦举行了私人葬礼。

5 ADJ [usually ADJ n] （会议、讨论、活动等）秘密的，私下的 Private meetings, discussions, and other activities involve only a small number of people, and very little information about them is given to other people. （会议、讨论、活动等）秘密的，私下的

  • Don't bug private conversations, and don't buy papers that reprint them.

    不要窃听私人谈话，不要购买重印这些谈话的报纸。

privately

  • Few senior figures have issued any public statements but privately the resignation's been welcomed.

    几乎没有高层人员发表任何公开声明，但私下里大家都为这次辞职窃喜。

  • I had not talked to Winnette privately for weeks.

    我好几个星期没有和温尼特私下谈过话了。

6 ADJ [usually ADJ n] （生活）私人的，个人的，与工作无关的 Your private life is that part of your life that is concerned with your personal relationships and activities, rather than with your work or business. （生活）私人的，个人的，与工作无关的

  • I've always kept my private and professional life separate.

    我总是将私生活和工作分开。

  • My private affairs are no one's business but my own.

    我自己的事自己管，不用其他人操心。

SYN personal, individual, secret, hidden
7 ADJ-GRADED [usually ADJ n] （想法、感觉）私密的，隐私的，内心的 Your private thoughts or feelings are ones that you do not talk about to other people. （想法、感觉）私密的，隐私的，内心的

  • We all felt as if we were intruding on his private grief.

    我们都觉得似乎触及到了他内心的伤痛。

  • ...the enactment of her private sexual fantasies.

    她内心产生了性幻想

  • It's just that it's something very private, and I simply can't talk about it.

    只不过这是非常隐私的事情，我根本不能谈论这个。

privately

  • Privately, she worries about whether she's really good enough.

    她暗自担心自己是不是真的有那么好。

  • He had privately resolved he would buy her the dress.

    他暗地里下定决心要给她买那件衣服。

8 ADJ [ADJ n] 只有自己人明白的 You can use private to describe situations or activities that are understood only by the people involved in them, and not by anyone else. 只有自己人明白的

  • Chinese waiters stood in a cluster, sharing a private joke.

    华人服务生们站在一起，讲着只有他们自己才懂的笑话。

  • As many as 40 per cent of twins have a private language that excludes the rest of the family.

    多达40％的双胞胎都有自己的语言，其他家庭成员都听不懂。

9 ADJ-GRADED （地方等）僻静的，幽静的，无人打扰的 If you describe a place as private, or as somewhere where you can be private, you mean that it is a quiet place and you can be alone there without being disturbed. （地方等）僻静的，幽静的，无人打扰的

  • It was the only reasonably private place they could find.

    这是他们能找到的唯一一个还算僻静之处。

  • ...a very attractive country house set within a uniquely beautiful and private position.

    坐落在风景独特的僻静之处的非常别致的乡间别墅

  • We were alone, completely private, with not even Angela present.

    就我们自己，没有其他人打扰，连安吉拉也不在。

SYN secluded, secret, separate, isolated
10 ADJ-GRADED [usually ADJ n] （人）内敛的，文静内向的，孤僻的 If you describe someone as a private person, you mean that they are very quiet by nature and do not reveal their thoughts and feelings to other people. （人）内敛的，文静内向的，孤僻的

  • She has always been a rather private person.

    她一直是一个相当内向的人。

  • Gould was an intensely private individual.

    古德以前是个极为孤僻的人。

SYN solitary, reserved, retiring, withdrawn
11 ADJ [usually ADJ n] 私人教授的；私下辅导的 You can use private to describe lessons that are not part of ordinary school activity, and which are given by a teacher to an individual pupil or a small group, usually in return for payment. 私人教授的；私下辅导的

  • Martial arts: Private lessons: £8 per hour.

    武术：私人教授：每小时8英镑

  • ...Donald Tovey, who took her as his private pupil for the piano.

    唐纳德·托维，她的私人钢琴老师

12 N-COUNT; N-TITLE 列兵，二等兵（级别最低的士兵） A private is a soldier of the lowest rank in an army or the marines. 列兵，二等兵（级别最低的士兵）

  • One gunner in each battery was an NCO and the rest were privates.

    每个炮兵连都有一个炮手是军士，其余都是二等兵。

  • ...Private Martin Ferguson.

    二等兵马丁·费格森

SYN enlisted man [US] , tommy [British , informal] , private soldier, Tommy Atkins [British , informal]
13 N-PLURAL [usually poss NOUN] 私处；阴部 Your privates are your genitals. 私处；阴部 [informal]

  • You should wash your feet and your privates every day.

    应该每天洗脚，并清洗阴部。

14 See also: privately 
15 PHRASE 私下地；秘密地 If you do something in private, you do it without other people being present, often because it is something that you want to keep secret. 私下地；秘密地

  • Some of what we're talking about might better be discussed in private.

    我们要谈论的一些事情最好是在私下里讨论。

SYN in secret, privately, personally, behind closed doors
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