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IELTS BNC: 105 COCA: 108
back

noun¹

 1part of the body身體部位ADJECTIVE | VERB + BACK | BACK + VERB | BACK + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤broad寬闊的後背▸➤slender苗條的腰身▸➤muscular, strong肌肉發達的／強健的背部▸➤bent彎曲的背部▸➤straight挺直的脊背▸➤lower, upper後腰；上背部➤bare光膀子◇The sun beat down on their bare backs.太陽火辣辣地照射在他們赤裸的背上。➤aching, bad, sore, stiff疼痛的／受傷的／痠痛的／僵直的後背◇He's in bed with a bad back.他後背疼痛卧病在牀。➤broken骨折的背部◇He spent six months recovering from a broken back.他背部骨折 6 個月才康復。VERB + BACK➤bend, hunch (especially NAmE) 彎腰；弓背◇He hunches his back when he walks.他走路時背弓着。➤straighten挺直腰板▸➤stretch伸展腰背◇He yawned and stretched his back as he got out of bed.他起牀時打着哈欠伸着懶腰。➤break, hurt, injure弄斷背；弄傷背部▸➤arch弓背◇The cat arched its back and hissed at the dog.貓弓起身子，衝着狗噝噝地叫。➤lean背靠◇He leaned his back against the bar.他背靠着吧台。➤support支起背部▸➤caress, massage, pat, rub, stroke (especially BrE) 輕撫／按摩／輕拍／搓揉／撫摩背部▸➤scratch撓背BACK + VERB➤arch背拱起▸➤stiffen, straighten身板挺直◇His back stiffened as he saw the photographers waiting.看到攝影師等着，他挺直了身板。➤ache, hurt背疼BACK + NOUN➤injury, pain, trouble背傷；背疼；背部不適▸➤muscles背部肌肉▸➤support靠背◇a seat with good back support靠背舒適的座位➤massage, rub背部按摩◇Would you give me a back rub?你能給我按摩一下後背嗎？PREPOSITION➤behind sb's back在背後；背地裏；私下◇They tied his hands behind his back.他們把他的手反綁在背後。◇People say bad things about him behind his back, but never to his face. (figurative) 人們在背後說他的壞話，但從不當面說。➤flat on your back因病卧牀◇I was flat on my back for six weeks when I broke my leg.我摔斷腿後在牀上躺了 6 週。➤on your back在背上；仰着◇He was carrying a small child on his back.他背着一個小孩。◇She was lying on her back on the sofa.她仰卧在沙發上。➤in the/your back在背部◇I have a nagging pain in my lower back.我後腰老是疼。➤back to背對着◇He was standing with his back to the fire.他背對着爐火站着。PHRASES➤sb's back is turned某人轉身離開◇The boss was certain that the staff would stop working as soon as his back was turned. (figurative) 老闆確信只要他一走開，員工就會停止工作。➤back to back背對背◇The children sat back to back.孩子們背對背坐着。➤a pat on the back, a slap on the back拍一下背部；讚揚；鼓勵◇He smiled and gave me a hearty slap on the back.他笑了笑，親切地拍了一下我的背。◇She deserves a pat on the back for her efforts. (figurative) 她的努力值得鼓勵。➤the small of your back腰部◇She felt a sharp pain in the small of her back.她感到腰部一陣劇痛。➤turn your back (on sb/sth)轉身背對；離開◇Actors should never turn their backs on the audience.演員切忌背對觀眾。◇She decided to turn her back on Paris and return home. (figurative) 她決定離開巴黎回家去。➤watch your back (= be careful because people may want to harm you) 當心背後（有人使壞）◇I warned her she should watch her back.我警告她要提防有人暗中使壞。
back

noun²

 2part furthest from the front最後部PREPOSITION | PHRASES PREPOSITION➤around back, around the back, round the back (BrE) (= to the area behind the house, etc.) 繞到後面◇Come around back and I'll show you the pool.繞到後面，我帶你看看泳池。◇If you'd like to come round the back, I'll show you the garden.你可以繞到房後，我帶你看看花園。➤at the back在後面◇We could only get seats at the back.我們只能坐後面的座位。➤down the back沿着後部◇My money's all fallen down the back of the cushion.我的錢都從墊子後面掉下去了。➤in back (NAmE) 在後部◇There's room for three people in back.後排能坐三個人。➤in the back (BrE) 在後部◇Two passengers sat in the back of the car.兩名乘客坐在轎車的後排。➤to the back到後部去◇The cup had been pushed to the back of the cupboard.杯子給推到櫥櫃後部去了。➤towards/toward the back接近後部◇The arts page is usually towards / toward the back of the newspaper.藝術版通常在報紙的後幾版。PHRASES➤back to front (BrE) 前後顛倒◇I had my pullover on back to front.我的套頭衫前後穿反了。
back

verb¹

 1move back後移ADVERB | VERB + BACK | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤hastily, hurriedly, immediately, quickly急匆匆地／匆忙／立即／迅速後退◇She backed away hurriedly.她匆忙後退。➤slowly慢慢後退◇He backed slowly out of the room.他慢慢退出房間。➤instinctively本能地後退◇They instinctively backed away from the intense heat.熱浪前他們本能地倒退。➤cautiously, nervously謹慎地／緊張地退後◇He took a step forward and she nervously backed away.他上前一步，她緊張地後退。➤away, in, off, up退離；退入；退開；倒退◇Try backing the car in－it's easier that way.試着倒車進去 － 這樣容易些。◇Back off! There's no need to yell at me.走開點兒！不用對我大吼大叫！◇Can you back your car up so that I can get through?你能不能把車倒一下讓我過去？VERB + BACK➤try to試圖後移◇He tried to back away.他試圖退後躲避。PREPOSITION➤across倒退着穿過◇She backed across the room.她倒退到房間的另一端。➤away from退避開⋯◇The children backed away from him in fear.孩子們嚇得倒退着躲開了他。➤into倒進◇She backed into the garage.她把車倒進了車庫。➤out of倒出◇He backed out of the drive.他把車倒着開出了車道。
back

verb²

 2support sb/sth支持ADVERB➤strongly強烈支持◇Teachers are strongly backing the new educational policies.老師們強烈支持新的教育政策。➤fully完全支持▸➤overwhelmingly壓倒性地支持▸➤unanimously一致支持▸➤openly, publicly公開支持；當眾支持▸➤financially經濟上支持◇His election bid was financially backed by a soft drinks company.他的競選得到了一家軟飲料公司的資助。➤up支持；證明◇I'll back you up if they don't believe you.如果他們不相信你，我來為你作證。
back

verb

 ●back downVERB + BACK DOWN➤will (not)（不）會放棄◇He will never back down.他絕不會讓步。➤refuse to拒絕放棄▸➤be forced to, have to被迫／不得不放棄PREPOSITION➤from放棄⋯◇The government was forced to back down from implementing these proposals.政府被迫放棄實施這些計劃。➤over就⋯作出讓步◇The committee finally backed down over the issue of spending cuts.委員會最終在削減開支這件事上作出了讓步。

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